NR 507 / NR507 Advanced
Pathophysiology Midterm Exam |
Week 1 – 4 | Questions & Answers |
Latest Update -
Chamberlain
Question:
What is the primary cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
Answer:
80% are caused by E. coli due to fecal matter entering the urethra.
Question:
What are the signs and symptoms of cystitis?
Answer:
Polyuria, urinary frequency, urgency, painful urination, suprapubic pain,
odor in urine, and confusion in the elderly.
,Question:
What characterizes a complicated UTI?
Answer:
Caused by untreated cystitis, occurs in immunocompromised individuals,
infection beyond the bladder, associated with indwelling urinary catheters,
altered urinary tract function, decreased renal function, presence of WBC
casts, systemic symptoms, and requires IV then oral antibiotics.
Question:
What defines a recurrent UTI?
Answer:
More than 3 UTIs in a year or 2 occurrences in 6 months.
Question:
What do WBC casts indicate in a urinalysis?
Answer:
They suggest interstitial inflammation.
,Question:
What are muddy brown casts indicative of?
Answer:
Tubular necrosis.
Question:
What do waxy casts suggest?
Answer:
Acute and chronic renal failure.
Question:
What do fatty casts suggest?
Answer:
Nephrotic syndrome.
Question:
What do RBC casts indicate?
Answer:
Glomerular nephritis.
, Question:
What characterizes an uncomplicated UTI?
Answer:
Normal urinary tract and renal function with local symptoms; requires no
treatment if asymptomatic and oral antibiotics if symptomatic or pregnant.
Question:
What is the pathophysiology of acute pyelonephritis?
Answer:
Infection of one or both upper urinary tracts, commonly caused by
obstruction and reflux of urine from the bladder.
Question:
What are the signs and symptoms of acute pyelonephritis?
Answer:
Symptoms associated with cystitis plus fever, flank pain, costovertebral
angle tenderness, nausea, vomiting, malaise, and potential shock if the
infection enters circulation.
Pathophysiology Midterm Exam |
Week 1 – 4 | Questions & Answers |
Latest Update -
Chamberlain
Question:
What is the primary cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
Answer:
80% are caused by E. coli due to fecal matter entering the urethra.
Question:
What are the signs and symptoms of cystitis?
Answer:
Polyuria, urinary frequency, urgency, painful urination, suprapubic pain,
odor in urine, and confusion in the elderly.
,Question:
What characterizes a complicated UTI?
Answer:
Caused by untreated cystitis, occurs in immunocompromised individuals,
infection beyond the bladder, associated with indwelling urinary catheters,
altered urinary tract function, decreased renal function, presence of WBC
casts, systemic symptoms, and requires IV then oral antibiotics.
Question:
What defines a recurrent UTI?
Answer:
More than 3 UTIs in a year or 2 occurrences in 6 months.
Question:
What do WBC casts indicate in a urinalysis?
Answer:
They suggest interstitial inflammation.
,Question:
What are muddy brown casts indicative of?
Answer:
Tubular necrosis.
Question:
What do waxy casts suggest?
Answer:
Acute and chronic renal failure.
Question:
What do fatty casts suggest?
Answer:
Nephrotic syndrome.
Question:
What do RBC casts indicate?
Answer:
Glomerular nephritis.
, Question:
What characterizes an uncomplicated UTI?
Answer:
Normal urinary tract and renal function with local symptoms; requires no
treatment if asymptomatic and oral antibiotics if symptomatic or pregnant.
Question:
What is the pathophysiology of acute pyelonephritis?
Answer:
Infection of one or both upper urinary tracts, commonly caused by
obstruction and reflux of urine from the bladder.
Question:
What are the signs and symptoms of acute pyelonephritis?
Answer:
Symptoms associated with cystitis plus fever, flank pain, costovertebral
angle tenderness, nausea, vomiting, malaise, and potential shock if the
infection enters circulation.
