Nr 507 final exam 2026 with verified
answers
Symptoms of Lower UTI (3) - ✔️✔️correct answer-burning on urination
dysuria
suprapubic pain
Symptoms of Upper UTI (6) - ✔️✔️correct answer-pyleonephritis
fever
flank pain
CVA tenderness
N/V
malaise
Is acute renal failure reversible? - ✔️✔️correct answer-yes
How do you determine the prognosis of acute renal failure? - ✔️✔️correct answer-If we
give a diuretic and we get output, this means we have functioning kidneys
Examples of Pre-renal failure with diagnostic examples(2) - ✔️✔️correct answer-
Dehydration (diabetics) and inability to perfuse (heart failure)
Examples of intrarenal failure (4) - ✔️✔️correct answer-Contrast dye,
glomerulonephritis, ischemia, diabetes
Examples of post-renal failure (3) - ✔️✔️correct answer-renal stones, tumors, swollen
prostate
, Key diagnostic test result for acute pyelonephritis - ✔️✔️correct answer-WBC casts
What type of renal failure are renal calculi? - ✔️✔️correct answer-Post renal
Gold standard of diagnosing renal calculi? - ✔️✔️correct answer-CT scan
Treatment goals for renal calculi (4) - ✔️✔️correct answer-pain management, pass
stone, reduce size of stone, prevent new stones
Who is a candidate for dialysis? (5) - ✔️✔️correct answer-Unresolvable hyperkalemia,
acidosis, uremic symptoms, fluid overload resistant to therapy, stage 5 CKD
What co-morbidities are associated with CKD? (3) - ✔️✔️correct answer-Hypertension,
diabetes, lupus
is CKD reversible? - ✔️✔️correct answer-No, it is progressive and irreversible
Stage 1 of CKD - ✔️✔️correct answer-Kidney damage but normal GFR >90
Stage 2 of CKD - ✔️✔️correct answer-Mild decrease in GFR (60-89)
Stage 3 of CKD - ✔️✔️correct answer-Moderate decrease in GFR (30-59)
Still a chance for improvement of kidney function
Stage 4 of CKD - ✔️✔️correct answer-Severe decrease in GFR 15-29
Stage 5 of CKD - ✔️✔️correct answer-Kidney failure
GFR <15 or dialysis
Warning signs of GERD (5) - ✔️✔️correct answer-heartburn while eating & worse
when laying down, dysphagia, sensation of lump in your throat, abdominal/chest pain,
regurgitation
GERD symptoms over the age of 50 (6) - ✔️✔️correct answer-dysphagia,
odynophagia, N/V, weight loss, melena, early satiety
Symptoms of hiatal hernia - ✔️✔️correct answer-Typically asymptomatic
Treatment of sliding hiatal hernia (4) - ✔️✔️correct answer-Small, frequent meals,
avoid lying flat after eating, avoid tight clothes, weight control
Key symptom of duodenal ulcers - ✔️✔️correct answer-chronic, intermittent pain in the
epigastric region
answers
Symptoms of Lower UTI (3) - ✔️✔️correct answer-burning on urination
dysuria
suprapubic pain
Symptoms of Upper UTI (6) - ✔️✔️correct answer-pyleonephritis
fever
flank pain
CVA tenderness
N/V
malaise
Is acute renal failure reversible? - ✔️✔️correct answer-yes
How do you determine the prognosis of acute renal failure? - ✔️✔️correct answer-If we
give a diuretic and we get output, this means we have functioning kidneys
Examples of Pre-renal failure with diagnostic examples(2) - ✔️✔️correct answer-
Dehydration (diabetics) and inability to perfuse (heart failure)
Examples of intrarenal failure (4) - ✔️✔️correct answer-Contrast dye,
glomerulonephritis, ischemia, diabetes
Examples of post-renal failure (3) - ✔️✔️correct answer-renal stones, tumors, swollen
prostate
, Key diagnostic test result for acute pyelonephritis - ✔️✔️correct answer-WBC casts
What type of renal failure are renal calculi? - ✔️✔️correct answer-Post renal
Gold standard of diagnosing renal calculi? - ✔️✔️correct answer-CT scan
Treatment goals for renal calculi (4) - ✔️✔️correct answer-pain management, pass
stone, reduce size of stone, prevent new stones
Who is a candidate for dialysis? (5) - ✔️✔️correct answer-Unresolvable hyperkalemia,
acidosis, uremic symptoms, fluid overload resistant to therapy, stage 5 CKD
What co-morbidities are associated with CKD? (3) - ✔️✔️correct answer-Hypertension,
diabetes, lupus
is CKD reversible? - ✔️✔️correct answer-No, it is progressive and irreversible
Stage 1 of CKD - ✔️✔️correct answer-Kidney damage but normal GFR >90
Stage 2 of CKD - ✔️✔️correct answer-Mild decrease in GFR (60-89)
Stage 3 of CKD - ✔️✔️correct answer-Moderate decrease in GFR (30-59)
Still a chance for improvement of kidney function
Stage 4 of CKD - ✔️✔️correct answer-Severe decrease in GFR 15-29
Stage 5 of CKD - ✔️✔️correct answer-Kidney failure
GFR <15 or dialysis
Warning signs of GERD (5) - ✔️✔️correct answer-heartburn while eating & worse
when laying down, dysphagia, sensation of lump in your throat, abdominal/chest pain,
regurgitation
GERD symptoms over the age of 50 (6) - ✔️✔️correct answer-dysphagia,
odynophagia, N/V, weight loss, melena, early satiety
Symptoms of hiatal hernia - ✔️✔️correct answer-Typically asymptomatic
Treatment of sliding hiatal hernia (4) - ✔️✔️correct answer-Small, frequent meals,
avoid lying flat after eating, avoid tight clothes, weight control
Key symptom of duodenal ulcers - ✔️✔️correct answer-chronic, intermittent pain in the
epigastric region
