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4 triage categories -ANSWER-Immediate (I)-red tag, life-threatening
Delayed (D)-yellow tag, can wait but requires professional help
Minor (M)-green tag, can walk
Dead (D)- Black tag
Signs of a closed head, neck, or spinal injury -ANSWER--change in consciousness
-can't move body parts
-pain or pressure in neck, head, or back
-tingling or numbness in extremities
-difficulty breathing or seeing
-bleeding, bruising, or deformity of head/spine
-blood or fluid in nose or ears
-bruises behind ear
-racoon eyes
-seizures
-nausea
-under collapsed debris
Elevation level -ANSWER-wound above heart
,3 main methods to control bleeding -ANSWER--direct pressure
-elevation
-pressure points
Triage in disaster environment -ANSWER-1. Stop, look, think
2. Call out "Community Emergency Response Team. If you can walk come to the
sound of my voice." -tag people green who come
3.Start where you are and follow a systematic route
4. Tag victims
5. Treat immediate victims (red tag)
6. Document locations of patients and # of casualties
Direct Pressure -ANSWER--Press clean dressing firmly over wound
-Wrap with pressure bandage and tie with bow
-Should take 5-7 minutes to stop
Pressure points -ANSWER--Put pressure on nearest point to stop flow
-Brachial point for arm bleeding (inner elbow)
-Femeral point for leg (upper thigh)
-Popliteal point for lower leg (inner back of knee cap)
5 Main Functions of Disaster Medical Operations -ANSWER-Triage
Transport
Treatment
,Morgue
Supply
The "Killers" -ANSWER-Airway obstruction
Excessive bleeding
Signs of Shock
When conducting a head to toe assesment CERTs shoudl always check for.. -
ANSWER-- PMS (Pulse, Movement, Sensation) in all extremities
- Medical ID emblems
Superficial Burn -ANSWER-- Epidermis affected (outermost layer of the skin)
- Reddend, dry skin
- Pain
- Swelling (possible)
Partial Thickness Burn -ANSWER-- Complete destructions of epidermis and parital
destruction of the dermis
- Reddened, blistered skin
- Wet apperance
- Pain
- Swelling
Full thickness burn -ANSWER-- Complete destructions of epidermis and dermis
- Some Subcutaneous (innermost layer of skin) damage
, - Whitened, leather or charred (brown or black)
- Painful or relatively painless
Treating a burn -ANSWER-Cool Skin or clothing
Cover loosely with dry, sterile dressing (Wrap fingers and toes loosely and
individually)
Elevate burned extremities higher than the heart
DO NOT use ice
DO NOT apply antiseptics or ointments
DO NOT remove shreds of tissue or other stuff from the burn
Treating a Chemical Burn -ANSWER-1. Protect yourself from contact with the
substance
2. Remove and affected clothing or jewellery and gently brush away as much of
the irritant as possible
3. Use cool running water to flush the chemical from the skin for 15 minutes
4. Apply a cool, wet compress
5. Cover the wound loosely with a dry cloth
Symptoms from inhalation burns -ANSWER-- Sudden loss of consciousness
- Evidence of respitory distress
- Soot aroudn the mouth or nose
- Singed facial hair
- Burns aroudn the face or neck