Autosomal Dominant - ANSWER 1 parent has, 50% change of child having
Autosomal Recessive - ANSWER Both parents are carriers, 25% change of child having,
50% chance child is a carrier.
Cystic Fibrosis - ANSWER affects pancreas causing secretions in lungs
21st Trisomy - ANSWER Down Syndrome
Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY) - ANSWER male has extra X, female like qualities
Turner Syndrome - ANSWER Missing X in females
Alpha Thalassemia - ANSWER inherited blood disorder; mild to severe anemia
Beta Thallasemia - ANSWER low hemoglobin; contraindicated medication ferrous sulfate
Prevalence Risk - ANSWER proportion of the population affected at a certain time
Incidence rate - ANSWER number of new cases divided by population
Innate immunity - ANSWER inflammation; increased vascular permeability
1
,B&T lymphocytes - ANSWER immune response
primary malignant tumor - ANSWER lack of organization of cells
glucocorticoids - ANSWER used in combination with other agent to treat lymphoid tissue
(leukemia). glucocorticoids are directly toxic to lymphoid tissues.
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) - ANSWER for hormone receptor positive
and advanced breast cancer. (Tamoxifin reduces risk and recurrence risk)
Heart failure - ANSWER impairment of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood; heart can-
not meet metabolic need of the body.
CHF - ANSWER heart cannot keep up with metabolic needs; volume overload in pulmo-
nary area
Left Ventricular Dysfunction - ANSWER reduced ejection fraction; ventricle having issue
ejecting blood.
normal ejection fraction - ANSWER 55 - 60 % (blood pumped out with each heartbeat)
Ejection fraction of 50% - reduced or preserved? - ANSWER preserved
Diastolic CHF - ANSWER preserved ejection fraction, problem is with filling
Systolic CHF - ANSWER reduced ejection fraction, problem is with ejecting
Left sided CHF - ANSWER pulmonary (JVD, fluid volume overload, rails, S-3 murmurs) **
#1 cause of Right sided CHF
2
, BNP - ANSWER gold standard lab test to diagnose CHF
Echocardiogram - ANSWER Diagnostic tool, evaluates heart structure and function
At Risk for HF - Stage A - ANSWER no structural heart disease or symptoms of heart fail-
ure
Stage A HF co-morbidities - ANSWER htn, atherosclerotic disease, diabetes, metabolic
syndrome, patients using cardiotoxins with family history
Therapy goals of stage A HF - ANSWER treat htn, encourage smoking cessation, encour-
age regular exercise, treat lipid disorders, discourage alcohol intake/drug use, control meta-
bolic syndrome
Meds: ACEI or Angiotensin II RB for vascular disease or diabetes (avapro, losartan, benicar,
diovan, etc)
At Risk for HF - Stage B - ANSWER structural heart disease but no symptoms of heart fail-
ure
Stage B HF co-morbidities - ANSWER previous MI, LV remodeling with LV hypertrophy and
low EF, asymptomatic valvular disease
Therapy goals of Stage B HF - ANSWER Meds: ACEI or ARB, Beta-blockers, inplantable de-
fibrillators
Stage C heart failure - ANSWER structural heart disease with prior or current symptoms
of HF
3
Autosomal Recessive - ANSWER Both parents are carriers, 25% change of child having,
50% chance child is a carrier.
Cystic Fibrosis - ANSWER affects pancreas causing secretions in lungs
21st Trisomy - ANSWER Down Syndrome
Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY) - ANSWER male has extra X, female like qualities
Turner Syndrome - ANSWER Missing X in females
Alpha Thalassemia - ANSWER inherited blood disorder; mild to severe anemia
Beta Thallasemia - ANSWER low hemoglobin; contraindicated medication ferrous sulfate
Prevalence Risk - ANSWER proportion of the population affected at a certain time
Incidence rate - ANSWER number of new cases divided by population
Innate immunity - ANSWER inflammation; increased vascular permeability
1
,B&T lymphocytes - ANSWER immune response
primary malignant tumor - ANSWER lack of organization of cells
glucocorticoids - ANSWER used in combination with other agent to treat lymphoid tissue
(leukemia). glucocorticoids are directly toxic to lymphoid tissues.
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) - ANSWER for hormone receptor positive
and advanced breast cancer. (Tamoxifin reduces risk and recurrence risk)
Heart failure - ANSWER impairment of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood; heart can-
not meet metabolic need of the body.
CHF - ANSWER heart cannot keep up with metabolic needs; volume overload in pulmo-
nary area
Left Ventricular Dysfunction - ANSWER reduced ejection fraction; ventricle having issue
ejecting blood.
normal ejection fraction - ANSWER 55 - 60 % (blood pumped out with each heartbeat)
Ejection fraction of 50% - reduced or preserved? - ANSWER preserved
Diastolic CHF - ANSWER preserved ejection fraction, problem is with filling
Systolic CHF - ANSWER reduced ejection fraction, problem is with ejecting
Left sided CHF - ANSWER pulmonary (JVD, fluid volume overload, rails, S-3 murmurs) **
#1 cause of Right sided CHF
2
, BNP - ANSWER gold standard lab test to diagnose CHF
Echocardiogram - ANSWER Diagnostic tool, evaluates heart structure and function
At Risk for HF - Stage A - ANSWER no structural heart disease or symptoms of heart fail-
ure
Stage A HF co-morbidities - ANSWER htn, atherosclerotic disease, diabetes, metabolic
syndrome, patients using cardiotoxins with family history
Therapy goals of stage A HF - ANSWER treat htn, encourage smoking cessation, encour-
age regular exercise, treat lipid disorders, discourage alcohol intake/drug use, control meta-
bolic syndrome
Meds: ACEI or Angiotensin II RB for vascular disease or diabetes (avapro, losartan, benicar,
diovan, etc)
At Risk for HF - Stage B - ANSWER structural heart disease but no symptoms of heart fail-
ure
Stage B HF co-morbidities - ANSWER previous MI, LV remodeling with LV hypertrophy and
low EF, asymptomatic valvular disease
Therapy goals of Stage B HF - ANSWER Meds: ACEI or ARB, Beta-blockers, inplantable de-
fibrillators
Stage C heart failure - ANSWER structural heart disease with prior or current symptoms
of HF
3
