ANA 109 UNIT 2 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Define tissue - Answers - groups of similar cells that have the same specialized function
and embryonic origin
Define organ - Answers - a structure with discrete boundaries that is composed of two
or more tissue types
Define histology - Answers - the science and study of tissues
Define pathologist - Answers - a physician who practices and studies histology
Example of epithelial tissue - Answers - simple squamous
Example of connective tissue - Answers - areolar
Example of muscle tissue - Answers - skeletal
Describe epithelial tissue and its functions - Answers - A continuous sheet of cells that
form a protective barrier on the body surfaces and passageways. It is avascular and
lines organs, cavities, tracts, and forms glands
Describe apical surface of a tissue - Answers - surface facing the body cavity, lumen, or
outside world
Describe basal surface of a tissue - Answers - deep surface that adheres to an
extracellular material
Describe basement membrane - Answers - extracellular material that attaches the
epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue
What is 1 epithelial cell and its differences called? - Answers - shape
What is a group of epithelial cells and their differences called? - Answers - arrangement
Shape of epithelial cell that is flat; looks like a fried egg - Answers - squamous
Shape of epithelial cell that is a box-shape - Answers - cuboidal
Shape of epithelial cell that is taller than it is wide - Answers - columnar
Arrangement of epithelial cells that is one layer and has all cells touching the basement
membrane - Answers - simple
, Arrangement of epithelial cells that has all cells touch the basement membrane but NOT
the apical surface - Answers - pseudostratified
Arrangement of epithelial cells that is more than one layer and has one layer touch the
basement membrane and other stack on top - Answers - stratified
Describe simple squamous epithelium - Answers - 1 single layer of squamous cells that
helps with fast filtration and diffusion and is found in the lining of blood vessels, lining of
interior heart, serous membranes, lymphatic vessels, and alveoli of lungs
Describe simple cuboidal epithelium - Answers - single layer of cube-like cells that is
used in controlled filtration and reabsorption and is found in the glands, liver, and kidney
tubules
Describe simple columnar epithelium - Answers - single layer of tall cells that can have
microvilli and cilia on its surface in order to increase surface area, used in absorption
and secretion and is found in the small intestine (w/ microvilli) and uterine tubes (w/
motile cilia)
Describe pseudostratified columnar epithelium - Answers - one layer of possibly ciliated
cells that is used to sweep mucous and in protection from pathogens and is also found
in the trachea
Describe keratinized stratified squamous epithelium - Answers - multiple layers of
squamous cells, very flat on top (dead cells) and rounded on the bottom; used in
protection from water, abrasion, infection, and UV radiation; found in the skin
Describe non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium - Answers - multiple layers of
squamous cells, very flat on top (dead cells) and rounded on the bottom; used for
protection against abrasion and infection; found in the mouth and vagina
Describe transitional epithelium - Answers - stratified epithelium but rounded; used to
hold fluid (must be able to stretch and be elastic) and found in the urinary tract (bladder,
ureter, urethra, etc.)
Define extracellular matrix - Answers - the material between the cells that acts like
"packing material" to anchor and connect cells within a tissue together
What are the functions of connective tissues? - Answers - structure, binding of tissues
together, store energy, and protection
Are most connective tissues well vascularized? - Answers - Yes
What connective tissue is not well vascularized? - Answers - cartilage and tendons
Define tissue - Answers - groups of similar cells that have the same specialized function
and embryonic origin
Define organ - Answers - a structure with discrete boundaries that is composed of two
or more tissue types
Define histology - Answers - the science and study of tissues
Define pathologist - Answers - a physician who practices and studies histology
Example of epithelial tissue - Answers - simple squamous
Example of connective tissue - Answers - areolar
Example of muscle tissue - Answers - skeletal
Describe epithelial tissue and its functions - Answers - A continuous sheet of cells that
form a protective barrier on the body surfaces and passageways. It is avascular and
lines organs, cavities, tracts, and forms glands
Describe apical surface of a tissue - Answers - surface facing the body cavity, lumen, or
outside world
Describe basal surface of a tissue - Answers - deep surface that adheres to an
extracellular material
Describe basement membrane - Answers - extracellular material that attaches the
epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue
What is 1 epithelial cell and its differences called? - Answers - shape
What is a group of epithelial cells and their differences called? - Answers - arrangement
Shape of epithelial cell that is flat; looks like a fried egg - Answers - squamous
Shape of epithelial cell that is a box-shape - Answers - cuboidal
Shape of epithelial cell that is taller than it is wide - Answers - columnar
Arrangement of epithelial cells that is one layer and has all cells touching the basement
membrane - Answers - simple
, Arrangement of epithelial cells that has all cells touch the basement membrane but NOT
the apical surface - Answers - pseudostratified
Arrangement of epithelial cells that is more than one layer and has one layer touch the
basement membrane and other stack on top - Answers - stratified
Describe simple squamous epithelium - Answers - 1 single layer of squamous cells that
helps with fast filtration and diffusion and is found in the lining of blood vessels, lining of
interior heart, serous membranes, lymphatic vessels, and alveoli of lungs
Describe simple cuboidal epithelium - Answers - single layer of cube-like cells that is
used in controlled filtration and reabsorption and is found in the glands, liver, and kidney
tubules
Describe simple columnar epithelium - Answers - single layer of tall cells that can have
microvilli and cilia on its surface in order to increase surface area, used in absorption
and secretion and is found in the small intestine (w/ microvilli) and uterine tubes (w/
motile cilia)
Describe pseudostratified columnar epithelium - Answers - one layer of possibly ciliated
cells that is used to sweep mucous and in protection from pathogens and is also found
in the trachea
Describe keratinized stratified squamous epithelium - Answers - multiple layers of
squamous cells, very flat on top (dead cells) and rounded on the bottom; used in
protection from water, abrasion, infection, and UV radiation; found in the skin
Describe non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium - Answers - multiple layers of
squamous cells, very flat on top (dead cells) and rounded on the bottom; used for
protection against abrasion and infection; found in the mouth and vagina
Describe transitional epithelium - Answers - stratified epithelium but rounded; used to
hold fluid (must be able to stretch and be elastic) and found in the urinary tract (bladder,
ureter, urethra, etc.)
Define extracellular matrix - Answers - the material between the cells that acts like
"packing material" to anchor and connect cells within a tissue together
What are the functions of connective tissues? - Answers - structure, binding of tissues
together, store energy, and protection
Are most connective tissues well vascularized? - Answers - Yes
What connective tissue is not well vascularized? - Answers - cartilage and tendons
