PROFESSIONAL NURSING CONCEPTS AND
CHALLENGES ACTUAL TEST 2026 VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE
◉ Middle-Range Theorists.
Answer: - Nola Pender (Health-Promotion Model)
- Patricia Benner (Model of Skill Acquisition in Nursing)
-Hildegard Peplau (Interpersonal Systems Model)
◉ 1st part of evaluating a theory.
Answer: Identify specific components:
- Concepts list/classify nursing components?
- Define person, health, environment, nursing?
- Specific statements clarify exactly what theory is describing?
- Types of definition used?
- Relationships between terms, concepts, assertions?
- Way concepts and statements organized
◉ 2nd part of evaluating a theory.
Answer: Personal & professional relevance:
,- Gut response
- Clarity
- Simplicity
- Generality
- Research usage
- Potential impact
◉ Values.
Answer: - Personal belief about worth
- Ideals that guide behavior (Personal conduct, Interaction with
others, Involvement in a career)
- Evaluative judgments about what is good
- Informs on how to conduct life meaningfully
- Influences how character develops
◉ Value System.
Answer: - Learned principles and rules
- Guide which values are most important
- Each person develops their own values
◉ Personal Value System includes?.
Answer: - Family (values influenced by family
,- Developmental
- Faith based values (values influence by faith)
- Culture or World View (values influenced by our culture)
- Morals vs. Values ( Is it a moral or a value?)
◉ Values are not?.
Answer: - Attitudes
- Beliefs
- Behaviors
◉ Value Processing includes?.
Answer: - Choosing (Freely, From alternatives, After thoughtful
consideration of the consequences of the alternatives)
- Prizing (Cherishing, being happy with choice, Willing to affirm the
choice publicly)
- Acting (Doing something with the choice, Repeatedly, in some
pattern of life)
◉ Types of Values.
Answer: - Personal
- Cultural
- Social
, - Work environment
◉ Viterbo University values.
Answer: - Contemplation
- Hospitality
- Integrity
- Service
- Stewardship
◉ VSON Values.
Answer: - Caring
- Commitment
- Integrity
- Collegiality
- Wisdom
◉ Nursing Professional Values: American Association of Colleges of
Nursing (AACN).
Answer: - Altruism
- Autonomy
- Human Dignity
- Integrity
CHALLENGES ACTUAL TEST 2026 VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE
◉ Middle-Range Theorists.
Answer: - Nola Pender (Health-Promotion Model)
- Patricia Benner (Model of Skill Acquisition in Nursing)
-Hildegard Peplau (Interpersonal Systems Model)
◉ 1st part of evaluating a theory.
Answer: Identify specific components:
- Concepts list/classify nursing components?
- Define person, health, environment, nursing?
- Specific statements clarify exactly what theory is describing?
- Types of definition used?
- Relationships between terms, concepts, assertions?
- Way concepts and statements organized
◉ 2nd part of evaluating a theory.
Answer: Personal & professional relevance:
,- Gut response
- Clarity
- Simplicity
- Generality
- Research usage
- Potential impact
◉ Values.
Answer: - Personal belief about worth
- Ideals that guide behavior (Personal conduct, Interaction with
others, Involvement in a career)
- Evaluative judgments about what is good
- Informs on how to conduct life meaningfully
- Influences how character develops
◉ Value System.
Answer: - Learned principles and rules
- Guide which values are most important
- Each person develops their own values
◉ Personal Value System includes?.
Answer: - Family (values influenced by family
,- Developmental
- Faith based values (values influence by faith)
- Culture or World View (values influenced by our culture)
- Morals vs. Values ( Is it a moral or a value?)
◉ Values are not?.
Answer: - Attitudes
- Beliefs
- Behaviors
◉ Value Processing includes?.
Answer: - Choosing (Freely, From alternatives, After thoughtful
consideration of the consequences of the alternatives)
- Prizing (Cherishing, being happy with choice, Willing to affirm the
choice publicly)
- Acting (Doing something with the choice, Repeatedly, in some
pattern of life)
◉ Types of Values.
Answer: - Personal
- Cultural
- Social
, - Work environment
◉ Viterbo University values.
Answer: - Contemplation
- Hospitality
- Integrity
- Service
- Stewardship
◉ VSON Values.
Answer: - Caring
- Commitment
- Integrity
- Collegiality
- Wisdom
◉ Nursing Professional Values: American Association of Colleges of
Nursing (AACN).
Answer: - Altruism
- Autonomy
- Human Dignity
- Integrity
