NURS 5334 Advanced Pharmacology Exam 3 | Questions
and Answers + Rationales | 100% Pass Guarantee | UTA
A 28-year-old pregnant woman is diagnosed with gestational diabetes. According to the search
results, which of the following treatment options is considered appropriate?
A) Metformin only
B) Insulin only
C) Metformin and Insulin
D) Sulfonylureas only
Correct Answer: Metformin and Insulin
Rationale: The search results from the study guide and exam materials specify that metformin
and insulin are the drugs used to treat gestational diabetes . This combination is recommended
when lifestyle modifications are insufficient, as sulfonylureas and other oral agents are generally
not preferred during pregnancy.
A patient's laboratory results show an A1C of 6.8%. According to the search results, this value is
diagnostic for:
A) Prediabetes
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Normal glucose tolerance
D) Gestational diabetes
Correct Answer: Diabetes mellitus
,Rationale: The study guide and exam materials specify that an A1C value of 6.5% or greater is
considered diagnostic for diabetes mellitus . An A1C of 5.7-6.4% indicates prediabetes, while
less than 5.7% is considered normal.
A patient has a fasting plasma glucose of 132 mg/dL. According to the search results, this value
is consistent with:
A) Prediabetes
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Normal glucose tolerance
D) Impaired fasting glucose
Correct Answer: Diabetes mellitus
Rationale: The search results indicate that a fasting plasma glucose of 126 mg/dL or greater is
diagnostic for diabetes mellitus . A value of 132 mg/dL exceeds this threshold, confirming the
diagnosis of diabetes.
A patient with diabetes on insulin therapy develops a lump of subcutaneous fat at the injection
site. The search results identify this complication as:
A) Lipodystrophy
B) Lipohypertrophy
C) Necrosis
D) Allergic reaction
Correct Answer: Lipohypertrophy
,Rationale: The study guide documents that lipohypertrophy is the accumulation of
subcutaneous fat that occurs when insulin is injected too frequently at the same site . This is a
common complication of insulin therapy and can be prevented by rotating injection sites.
A patient with diabetes on insulin therapy experiences a red, intensely itchy welt at the injection
site with difficulty breathing. According to the search results, this is most likely:
A) A normal reaction
B) Lipohypertrophy
C) An allergic reaction
D) An infection
Correct Answer: An allergic reaction
Rationale: The study guide describes that allergic reactions to insulin are characterized by red
and intensely itchy welts, and breathing may become difficult . If a severe allergy develops, a
desensitization procedure with small to larger doses may be indicated.
A patient with diabetes on insulin therapy develops hypokalemia. According to the search
results, this is caused by:
A) Increased renal excretion of potassium
B) Insulin promoting the uptake of potassium into cells
C) Decreased dietary intake of potassium
D) Insulin inhibiting potassium absorption in the gut
Correct Answer: Insulin promoting the uptake of potassium into cells
, Rationale: The study guide explains that insulin promotes the uptake of potassium into cells by
activating a membrane-bound enzyme with sodium-potassium ATPase that pumps potassium
into the cells and sodium out . This can lead to hypokalemia.
A patient on insulin therapy is prescribed a beta-blocker. According to the search results, the
APRN should be aware that beta-blockers:
A) Increase the risk of hyperglycemia
B) Delay awareness of and response to hypoglycemia
C) Enhance insulin secretion
D) Have no interaction with insulin
Correct Answer: Delay awareness of and response to hypoglycemia
Rationale: The exam materials state that beta-blockers delay awareness of and response to
hypoglycemia by masking the signs that are associated with stimulation of the sympathetic
nervous system . They also impair glycogenolysis and prevent the body's counter-regulatory
response.
A patient with diabetes is prescribed a sulfonylurea. Which of the following drug interactions,
according to the search results, can intensify hypoglycemia?
A) Thiazide diuretics
B) Glucocorticoids
C) Cimetidine
D) Sympathomimetics
Correct Answer: Cimetidine
and Answers + Rationales | 100% Pass Guarantee | UTA
A 28-year-old pregnant woman is diagnosed with gestational diabetes. According to the search
results, which of the following treatment options is considered appropriate?
A) Metformin only
B) Insulin only
C) Metformin and Insulin
D) Sulfonylureas only
Correct Answer: Metformin and Insulin
Rationale: The search results from the study guide and exam materials specify that metformin
and insulin are the drugs used to treat gestational diabetes . This combination is recommended
when lifestyle modifications are insufficient, as sulfonylureas and other oral agents are generally
not preferred during pregnancy.
A patient's laboratory results show an A1C of 6.8%. According to the search results, this value is
diagnostic for:
A) Prediabetes
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Normal glucose tolerance
D) Gestational diabetes
Correct Answer: Diabetes mellitus
,Rationale: The study guide and exam materials specify that an A1C value of 6.5% or greater is
considered diagnostic for diabetes mellitus . An A1C of 5.7-6.4% indicates prediabetes, while
less than 5.7% is considered normal.
A patient has a fasting plasma glucose of 132 mg/dL. According to the search results, this value
is consistent with:
A) Prediabetes
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Normal glucose tolerance
D) Impaired fasting glucose
Correct Answer: Diabetes mellitus
Rationale: The search results indicate that a fasting plasma glucose of 126 mg/dL or greater is
diagnostic for diabetes mellitus . A value of 132 mg/dL exceeds this threshold, confirming the
diagnosis of diabetes.
A patient with diabetes on insulin therapy develops a lump of subcutaneous fat at the injection
site. The search results identify this complication as:
A) Lipodystrophy
B) Lipohypertrophy
C) Necrosis
D) Allergic reaction
Correct Answer: Lipohypertrophy
,Rationale: The study guide documents that lipohypertrophy is the accumulation of
subcutaneous fat that occurs when insulin is injected too frequently at the same site . This is a
common complication of insulin therapy and can be prevented by rotating injection sites.
A patient with diabetes on insulin therapy experiences a red, intensely itchy welt at the injection
site with difficulty breathing. According to the search results, this is most likely:
A) A normal reaction
B) Lipohypertrophy
C) An allergic reaction
D) An infection
Correct Answer: An allergic reaction
Rationale: The study guide describes that allergic reactions to insulin are characterized by red
and intensely itchy welts, and breathing may become difficult . If a severe allergy develops, a
desensitization procedure with small to larger doses may be indicated.
A patient with diabetes on insulin therapy develops hypokalemia. According to the search
results, this is caused by:
A) Increased renal excretion of potassium
B) Insulin promoting the uptake of potassium into cells
C) Decreased dietary intake of potassium
D) Insulin inhibiting potassium absorption in the gut
Correct Answer: Insulin promoting the uptake of potassium into cells
, Rationale: The study guide explains that insulin promotes the uptake of potassium into cells by
activating a membrane-bound enzyme with sodium-potassium ATPase that pumps potassium
into the cells and sodium out . This can lead to hypokalemia.
A patient on insulin therapy is prescribed a beta-blocker. According to the search results, the
APRN should be aware that beta-blockers:
A) Increase the risk of hyperglycemia
B) Delay awareness of and response to hypoglycemia
C) Enhance insulin secretion
D) Have no interaction with insulin
Correct Answer: Delay awareness of and response to hypoglycemia
Rationale: The exam materials state that beta-blockers delay awareness of and response to
hypoglycemia by masking the signs that are associated with stimulation of the sympathetic
nervous system . They also impair glycogenolysis and prevent the body's counter-regulatory
response.
A patient with diabetes is prescribed a sulfonylurea. Which of the following drug interactions,
according to the search results, can intensify hypoglycemia?
A) Thiazide diuretics
B) Glucocorticoids
C) Cimetidine
D) Sympathomimetics
Correct Answer: Cimetidine
