Nurs 6531 Final EXAM, Comprehensive Questions And
Verified Answers 2026! Graded A+
Which is a distinctive finding in patients who are diagnosed with
eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)?
a. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP)
b. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen
c. Increased eosinophils
d. Positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA)
ANS: C
Unique to EGPA are large numbers of circulating and tissue-based eosinophils.
ESR and CRP are non-specific markers of inflammation HBV surface antigen is
often present in polyarteritis nodosa. ANA levels are present in many
autoimmune diseases.
,A child presenting with a high fever, bilateral conjunctivitis, and a
desquamating rash is presumed to have a vasculitic disease. What is the
likely treatment for this child?
a. Antibiotic therapy for 10 to 14 days
b. Aspirin (ASA) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
c. High-dose prednisolone therapy
d. Immunosuppressant medications
ANS: B
This patient has symptoms of Kawasaki disease. Because of the risk for
coronary aneurysms and death, ASA and IVIG are indicated. Antibiotics,
prednisolone, and immunosuppressants are not useful.
A patient has a palpable purpura rash. This finding is most consistent with
what condition?
a. Small-vessel vasculitis
b. Medium-vessel vasculitis
c. Large-vessel vasculitis
d. Central-vessel vasculitis
ANS: A
A palpable purpura rash is the most helpful physical examination finding of a
small-vessel vasculitis.
Which patient would benefit from a polysomnography evaluation to assess
a potential sleep disorder?
a. A child with enlarged tonsils who has daytime sleepiness
b. A patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who has
difficulty falling asleep
c. A shift worker who has trouble adjusting to new schedules
d. An elderly woman with osteoarthritis who has difficulty staying asleep
ANS: A
The child with enlarged tonsils is likely to have obstructive sleep apnea and
,would benefit from polysomnography (PSG) to help diagnose this problem. The
other patients have sleep disorders related to other conditions that interfere with
comfort or circadian rhythms and would not benefit from PSG.
A patient who has excessive daytime sleepiness tells the practitioner that he
goes to bed and gets up at the same time each day but still wakes up tired.
The spouse reports that the patient snores so much she has had to move to
another bedroom. The patient is otherwise healthy and does not take any
medications or drink alcohol. Which diagnostic test may be performed for
this patient?
a. Full overnight polysomnography (PSG)
b. Multiple sleep latency test (MSLT)
c. Overnight pulse oximetry
d. Unattended out of center sleep testing (OCST)
ANS: D
This patient has a high probability of OSA without significant comorbidities or
use of medications that may cause central sleep apnea, so this test, which has
more limited measures than a full PSG, may be performed. Full overnight PSG
is used when the cause of sleep apnea is less certain to help determine whether
there is a central cause. The multiple sleep latency test is used to test EDS
symptoms. Overnight pulse oximetry is not sufficiently sensitive to be a reliable
screening for sleep apnea.
A patient is diagnosed with mild restless leg syndrome (RLS) which
occasionally interferes with sleep. Which initial treatment will be helpful?
a. A continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices
b. A dopaminergic agonist
c. Hot baths and exercise
d. Supplemental iron
ANS: C
Patients with mild restless leg syndrome (RLS) may benefit from massage, hot
, baths, exercise, and good sleep hygiene. CPAP is used for obstructive sleep
apnea. Dopaminergic agonists are useful medications but have a risk of rebound
or augmentation of effects.
Supplemental iron is used in patients with low ferritin levels.
A 35-year-old patient reports suddenly experiencing an asymmetric smile
along with drooping and tearing in one eye. The patient has a history of a
recent viral illness but is otherwise healthy. During the exam, the provider
notes that there is unilateral full-face paralysis on the right side. What is
the initial intervention for this patient?
a. Perform confirmatory diagnostic tests.
b. Prescribe oral corticosteroids.
c. Recommend wearing an eye patch.
d. Refer the patient to a neurologist.
ANS: B
Steroids are highly effective and increase the probability of complete nerve
recovery and should be started within 72 hours of onset. There are no
confirmatory diagnostic tests, but other tests may be performed to rule out
certain causes. Patients may be instructed to tape the eye closed at night, but eye
patches are not recommended. A neurology referral is needed only if patients
have an atypical presentation or other comorbid conditions
The daughter of an elderly confused patient reports that her parent is
having urinary incontinence several times each day. What will the provider
Verified Answers 2026! Graded A+
Which is a distinctive finding in patients who are diagnosed with
eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)?
a. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP)
b. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen
c. Increased eosinophils
d. Positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA)
ANS: C
Unique to EGPA are large numbers of circulating and tissue-based eosinophils.
ESR and CRP are non-specific markers of inflammation HBV surface antigen is
often present in polyarteritis nodosa. ANA levels are present in many
autoimmune diseases.
,A child presenting with a high fever, bilateral conjunctivitis, and a
desquamating rash is presumed to have a vasculitic disease. What is the
likely treatment for this child?
a. Antibiotic therapy for 10 to 14 days
b. Aspirin (ASA) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
c. High-dose prednisolone therapy
d. Immunosuppressant medications
ANS: B
This patient has symptoms of Kawasaki disease. Because of the risk for
coronary aneurysms and death, ASA and IVIG are indicated. Antibiotics,
prednisolone, and immunosuppressants are not useful.
A patient has a palpable purpura rash. This finding is most consistent with
what condition?
a. Small-vessel vasculitis
b. Medium-vessel vasculitis
c. Large-vessel vasculitis
d. Central-vessel vasculitis
ANS: A
A palpable purpura rash is the most helpful physical examination finding of a
small-vessel vasculitis.
Which patient would benefit from a polysomnography evaluation to assess
a potential sleep disorder?
a. A child with enlarged tonsils who has daytime sleepiness
b. A patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who has
difficulty falling asleep
c. A shift worker who has trouble adjusting to new schedules
d. An elderly woman with osteoarthritis who has difficulty staying asleep
ANS: A
The child with enlarged tonsils is likely to have obstructive sleep apnea and
,would benefit from polysomnography (PSG) to help diagnose this problem. The
other patients have sleep disorders related to other conditions that interfere with
comfort or circadian rhythms and would not benefit from PSG.
A patient who has excessive daytime sleepiness tells the practitioner that he
goes to bed and gets up at the same time each day but still wakes up tired.
The spouse reports that the patient snores so much she has had to move to
another bedroom. The patient is otherwise healthy and does not take any
medications or drink alcohol. Which diagnostic test may be performed for
this patient?
a. Full overnight polysomnography (PSG)
b. Multiple sleep latency test (MSLT)
c. Overnight pulse oximetry
d. Unattended out of center sleep testing (OCST)
ANS: D
This patient has a high probability of OSA without significant comorbidities or
use of medications that may cause central sleep apnea, so this test, which has
more limited measures than a full PSG, may be performed. Full overnight PSG
is used when the cause of sleep apnea is less certain to help determine whether
there is a central cause. The multiple sleep latency test is used to test EDS
symptoms. Overnight pulse oximetry is not sufficiently sensitive to be a reliable
screening for sleep apnea.
A patient is diagnosed with mild restless leg syndrome (RLS) which
occasionally interferes with sleep. Which initial treatment will be helpful?
a. A continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices
b. A dopaminergic agonist
c. Hot baths and exercise
d. Supplemental iron
ANS: C
Patients with mild restless leg syndrome (RLS) may benefit from massage, hot
, baths, exercise, and good sleep hygiene. CPAP is used for obstructive sleep
apnea. Dopaminergic agonists are useful medications but have a risk of rebound
or augmentation of effects.
Supplemental iron is used in patients with low ferritin levels.
A 35-year-old patient reports suddenly experiencing an asymmetric smile
along with drooping and tearing in one eye. The patient has a history of a
recent viral illness but is otherwise healthy. During the exam, the provider
notes that there is unilateral full-face paralysis on the right side. What is
the initial intervention for this patient?
a. Perform confirmatory diagnostic tests.
b. Prescribe oral corticosteroids.
c. Recommend wearing an eye patch.
d. Refer the patient to a neurologist.
ANS: B
Steroids are highly effective and increase the probability of complete nerve
recovery and should be started within 72 hours of onset. There are no
confirmatory diagnostic tests, but other tests may be performed to rule out
certain causes. Patients may be instructed to tape the eye closed at night, but eye
patches are not recommended. A neurology referral is needed only if patients
have an atypical presentation or other comorbid conditions
The daughter of an elderly confused patient reports that her parent is
having urinary incontinence several times each day. What will the provider
