NURS 420 Exam 1 – Accurate Answers To All
Questions
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Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study using Learn
- Use of diuretics
- Loss of GI fluids
- Renal disease
- Water dilution
Choose an answer
1 Normal Acid Base Ranges: 2 Treatment for metabolic acidosis:
3 Causes of metabolic alkalosis: 4 Causes of hyponatremia:
Don't know?
Terms in this set (138)
Normal Acid Base Ranges: pH: 7.35-7.45
CO2: 35-45
HCO3: 22-26
,Causes of respiratory acidosis: Retaining CO2
- COPD
- Asthma
- Chest/ lung traumas
- Overdose
Causes of respiratory alkalosis: Losing CO2
- Anxiety/ panic attacks
- Sepsis
- Inappropriate ventillator settings
Causes of metabolic acidosis: - Diarrhea
- Starvation
- DKA
- Lactic acidosis
Causes of metabolic alkalosis: - Severe vomiting
- GI suctioning
- Diuretics
For each acid-base imbalance, the - Respiratory
nurse should perform what focused - Cardiovascular
assessment? - Neurological
Manifestations of respiratory acidosis: - Confusion
- SOB
- Cyanosis
- Anxiety
- Decreased LOC
Manifestations of respiratory alkalosis: - Light-headedness & inability to concentrate
- Loss of consciousness
- Numbness and tingling
- Tinitus
- Tachycardia
, Manifestations of metabolic acidosis: - Headache
- Confusion
- Drowsiness
- N/V
In severe cases, decreased cardiac output
Manifestations of metabolic alkalosis: - Tingling/ numbness in finger & toes
- Dizziness
- Muscle cramps/ tetany
Treatment of respiratory acidosis: - Treat the underlying cause
- Medications to help breathing (bronchodilators,
antibiotics, anticoagulants, etc)
- Mechanical ventilation
- Oxygen as needed
Treatment of respiratory alkalosis: - Treat the underlying cause
- For anxiety breathe in paper bag or non-rebreather
mask
- Antianxiety meds
Treatment for metabolic acidosis: - Treat the underlying cause
- Bicarbonate may be given
- Correct calcium levels before treating
- Dialysis in severe cases
Treatment for metabolic alkalosis: - Treat the underlying cause
- Supplement fluids (IV NS)
- Replace electrolytes as needed
- PPIs may be used to prevent further loss of acid
What two organs control the acid- Lungs & Kidneys
base balance? - Kidneys remove H+ and store bicarbonate
- Lungs adjust ventilation in response to CO2 levels
How do hydrogen ions affect the - The greater the H+ the more acidic the blood (lower
blood pH? pH)
- The lower the H+ the more alkaline the blood
(higher pH)
Questions
Save Groups
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study using Learn
- Use of diuretics
- Loss of GI fluids
- Renal disease
- Water dilution
Choose an answer
1 Normal Acid Base Ranges: 2 Treatment for metabolic acidosis:
3 Causes of metabolic alkalosis: 4 Causes of hyponatremia:
Don't know?
Terms in this set (138)
Normal Acid Base Ranges: pH: 7.35-7.45
CO2: 35-45
HCO3: 22-26
,Causes of respiratory acidosis: Retaining CO2
- COPD
- Asthma
- Chest/ lung traumas
- Overdose
Causes of respiratory alkalosis: Losing CO2
- Anxiety/ panic attacks
- Sepsis
- Inappropriate ventillator settings
Causes of metabolic acidosis: - Diarrhea
- Starvation
- DKA
- Lactic acidosis
Causes of metabolic alkalosis: - Severe vomiting
- GI suctioning
- Diuretics
For each acid-base imbalance, the - Respiratory
nurse should perform what focused - Cardiovascular
assessment? - Neurological
Manifestations of respiratory acidosis: - Confusion
- SOB
- Cyanosis
- Anxiety
- Decreased LOC
Manifestations of respiratory alkalosis: - Light-headedness & inability to concentrate
- Loss of consciousness
- Numbness and tingling
- Tinitus
- Tachycardia
, Manifestations of metabolic acidosis: - Headache
- Confusion
- Drowsiness
- N/V
In severe cases, decreased cardiac output
Manifestations of metabolic alkalosis: - Tingling/ numbness in finger & toes
- Dizziness
- Muscle cramps/ tetany
Treatment of respiratory acidosis: - Treat the underlying cause
- Medications to help breathing (bronchodilators,
antibiotics, anticoagulants, etc)
- Mechanical ventilation
- Oxygen as needed
Treatment of respiratory alkalosis: - Treat the underlying cause
- For anxiety breathe in paper bag or non-rebreather
mask
- Antianxiety meds
Treatment for metabolic acidosis: - Treat the underlying cause
- Bicarbonate may be given
- Correct calcium levels before treating
- Dialysis in severe cases
Treatment for metabolic alkalosis: - Treat the underlying cause
- Supplement fluids (IV NS)
- Replace electrolytes as needed
- PPIs may be used to prevent further loss of acid
What two organs control the acid- Lungs & Kidneys
base balance? - Kidneys remove H+ and store bicarbonate
- Lungs adjust ventilation in response to CO2 levels
How do hydrogen ions affect the - The greater the H+ the more acidic the blood (lower
blood pH? pH)
- The lower the H+ the more alkaline the blood
(higher pH)
