2026 BIOL 252 Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab | Module 9
Exam Study Guide | Practice Questions, Answers & Rationales
,
,
, Prepare for BIOL 252 Human Anatomy & Physiology II Module 9 with this
comprehensive study guide featuring original practice questions, accurate
answers, and detailed rationales. Covers the male and female reproductive
systems, gametogenesis, reproductive hormones, fertilization, pregnancy,
embryonic development, and reproductive physiology. Perfect for focused review,
self-assessment, and building confidence before your Module 9 exam.
Question 1
A patient with an advanced colorectal malignancy underwent a complete surgical
resection of their descending colon. During recovery, the patient asks the nurse how
this structural loss will alter their bowel habits. Which primary physiological function of
the large intestine will be most significantly compromised?
A) Enzymatic breakdown of complex dietary proteins
B) Absorption of water and consolidation of indigestible waste into feces
C) Synthesis of bile salts and emulsification of long-chain lipids
D) Active transport of simple monosaccharides across the mucosal border
Answer: B) Absorption of water and consolidation of indigestible waste into feces
Rationale: While the small intestine is the principal site for chemical digestion and
nutrient absorption, the large intestine plays a critical role in water and electrolyte
absorption, turning liquid chyme into solid feces. Resection of a portion of the large
intestine reduces the surface area available for fluid reabsorption, which commonly
leads to looser or more frequent stools. Protein, lipid, and carbohydrate digestion and
absorption occur earlier in the digestive tract (stomach and small intestine).
Question 2
During a clinical simulation, a nursing student reviews the arterial blood gas (ABG)
panel of a patient with severe, uncompensated respiratory acidosis. Which of the
following profiles matches this diagnostic state?
A) pH 7.51, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L
B) pH 7.28, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3- 25 mEq/L
C) pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L
D) pH 7.22, PaCO2 38 mmHg, HCO3- 15 mEq/L
Answer: B) pH 7.28, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3- 25 mEq/L
Rationale: Acidosis is defined by a systemic blood pH below 7.35. For the acidosis to be
classified as respiratory, the primary driver must be a retention of carbon dioxide,
indicated by an elevated partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2 greater than
45 mmHg). A pH of 7.28 paired with a PaCO2 of 55 mmHg and a normal bicarbonate
Exam Study Guide | Practice Questions, Answers & Rationales
,
,
, Prepare for BIOL 252 Human Anatomy & Physiology II Module 9 with this
comprehensive study guide featuring original practice questions, accurate
answers, and detailed rationales. Covers the male and female reproductive
systems, gametogenesis, reproductive hormones, fertilization, pregnancy,
embryonic development, and reproductive physiology. Perfect for focused review,
self-assessment, and building confidence before your Module 9 exam.
Question 1
A patient with an advanced colorectal malignancy underwent a complete surgical
resection of their descending colon. During recovery, the patient asks the nurse how
this structural loss will alter their bowel habits. Which primary physiological function of
the large intestine will be most significantly compromised?
A) Enzymatic breakdown of complex dietary proteins
B) Absorption of water and consolidation of indigestible waste into feces
C) Synthesis of bile salts and emulsification of long-chain lipids
D) Active transport of simple monosaccharides across the mucosal border
Answer: B) Absorption of water and consolidation of indigestible waste into feces
Rationale: While the small intestine is the principal site for chemical digestion and
nutrient absorption, the large intestine plays a critical role in water and electrolyte
absorption, turning liquid chyme into solid feces. Resection of a portion of the large
intestine reduces the surface area available for fluid reabsorption, which commonly
leads to looser or more frequent stools. Protein, lipid, and carbohydrate digestion and
absorption occur earlier in the digestive tract (stomach and small intestine).
Question 2
During a clinical simulation, a nursing student reviews the arterial blood gas (ABG)
panel of a patient with severe, uncompensated respiratory acidosis. Which of the
following profiles matches this diagnostic state?
A) pH 7.51, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L
B) pH 7.28, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3- 25 mEq/L
C) pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L
D) pH 7.22, PaCO2 38 mmHg, HCO3- 15 mEq/L
Answer: B) pH 7.28, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3- 25 mEq/L
Rationale: Acidosis is defined by a systemic blood pH below 7.35. For the acidosis to be
classified as respiratory, the primary driver must be a retention of carbon dioxide,
indicated by an elevated partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2 greater than
45 mmHg). A pH of 7.28 paired with a PaCO2 of 55 mmHg and a normal bicarbonate
