Updated/Latest Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives Test Bank Complete All Chapters Comprehensive Pathophysiology Resource Practice Questions Answers Rationales Clinical Applications Disease Processes NCLEX R

Test bank for Davis Advantage for PathophysiologyIntroductory Concepts and
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L
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Chapter 1 - 46 | Complete
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,Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
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Multiple Choice
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Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
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1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
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2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
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3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
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4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
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2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is created in
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1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid L
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2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle L
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3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A L
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4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid L
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3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
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1. 2 T L T L



2. 3 T L T L



3. 34 T L T L



4. 53 T L T L




4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
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1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
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4. Deoxyribonucleic acids T L




5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
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1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein. L
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2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
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3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
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4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands. L
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6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease? L
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1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress L
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2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) L
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3. During a severe hypoxic state L
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4. During the processing of prohormone T L L
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7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs?
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1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments

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4. Endoplasmic reticula L
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T L 8. T L Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
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1. Actin and myosin L
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2. Prohormone and tubulin L
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3. Tubulin and actin L
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4. Myosin and prohormone L
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T L 9. T L Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease?
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1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
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L
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1. Accumulation of ganglioside T L L
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2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis L
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3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity L
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4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system L
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L
T 11. T LWhich statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
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1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded. L
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2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
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3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
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4. During ER stress, nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
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12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to be
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1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein L
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2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus L
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3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules L
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4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum L
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13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component is
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examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically transferred?
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1. Transfer RNA L
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2. Ribosomal RNA L
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3. Double helix of DNA L
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4. Mitochondrial DNA L
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14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long, steep
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T climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
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1. Cellular hypoxia L
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2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema T L

, L
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1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases L
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2. The presence of pyrimidine bases L
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3. The presence of nucleotides T L T L T L



4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
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L
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2. 3 T L T L



3. 4 T L T L



4. 5 T L T L




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1. Nucleotides
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3. Fatty acids L
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4. Phosphates
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1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell L
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2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA L
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3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell T L T L L
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4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell L
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L
T19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which is the
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mechanism of action of the drug?
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1. It prevents the replication of bacteria.
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2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
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3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
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4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
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L
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1. In the ribosomes T L T L



2. In the Golgi apparatus T L T L L
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3. In the secretory granules T L T L L
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4. In the endoplasmic reticulum T L L
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L
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1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus L
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4. Endoplasmic reticulum L
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Multiple Response
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Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
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L
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