What are the most important energy transformations in life?
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photosynthesis and cellular respiration
ATP vs Concentration gradients
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ATP: excellent for temp. storage and are portable
Concentration gradients: great for energy BUT not portable
,Common essential bulk elements & trace elements:
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(1) bulk elements: carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, calcium, oxygen, potassium,
sodium, phosphorus
(2) trace elements: iron, iodine, zinc, copper
Nucleoid:
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cell's circular DNA molecule congrgates
Calvin Cycle:
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Carbon is fixed from CO_2vinto organic molecules (like glucose and
sucrose)
carbs can be used for:
(1) cellular respiration
(2) anabolism
(3) energy storage (starch or sucrose)
Membrane transport:
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selectively permeable
maintain concentration gradients through passive and active transport
Life is organized:
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atoms make up molecules which make up organelles which make up cells
which make up tissues which make up organs which make up the organ
system which make up organisms which make up populations which make
up the community which make up the ecosystem which make up the
biosphere
Ionic bonds:
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(1) chemical basis: one atom donates 1+ electrons to another atom, forming
oppositely charged ions that attract each other
(2) strength: strong BUT breaks easily in water
(3) example: sodium chloride
BASICALLY... ionic bonds do electron transfer
Photosystem I:
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photosynthesis and cellular respiration
ATP vs Concentration gradients
Give this one a try later!
ATP: excellent for temp. storage and are portable
Concentration gradients: great for energy BUT not portable
,Common essential bulk elements & trace elements:
Give this one a try later!
(1) bulk elements: carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, calcium, oxygen, potassium,
sodium, phosphorus
(2) trace elements: iron, iodine, zinc, copper
Nucleoid:
Give this one a try later!
cell's circular DNA molecule congrgates
Calvin Cycle:
Give this one a try later!
Carbon is fixed from CO_2vinto organic molecules (like glucose and
sucrose)
carbs can be used for:
(1) cellular respiration
(2) anabolism
(3) energy storage (starch or sucrose)
Membrane transport:
, Give this one a try later!
selectively permeable
maintain concentration gradients through passive and active transport
Life is organized:
Give this one a try later!
atoms make up molecules which make up organelles which make up cells
which make up tissues which make up organs which make up the organ
system which make up organisms which make up populations which make
up the community which make up the ecosystem which make up the
biosphere
Ionic bonds:
Give this one a try later!
(1) chemical basis: one atom donates 1+ electrons to another atom, forming
oppositely charged ions that attract each other
(2) strength: strong BUT breaks easily in water
(3) example: sodium chloride
BASICALLY... ionic bonds do electron transfer
Photosystem I:
