CNUR 203 - Respiratory System Exam
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
Define obstructive sleep apnea -Tongue and the soft palate fall backward
- Partial/complete obstruction of the
pharynx
- Obstructs for 10-90 seconds
- Causes hypoxemia and hypercapnia
What are the risk factors for sleep Snore, tired, obstruction, pressure, BMI,
apnea? age, neck,
and gender.
What are the risk factors - Cardiovascular events (MI, CVA, HTN,
associated and
with sleep apnea? dysrhythmias)
- Injury (MVA and workplace)
Explain the mandibular Forces the lower jaw forward.
advancement
device
Explain continuous positive airway - Splints airway open
pressure therapy - Compliance is often poor, needs to be
worn
every night
, Define COPD - Progressive airflow obstruction
- Ongoing dyspnea, decreased activity
tolerance,
and increased mucous/coughing
Explain the pathophysiology of - Chronic inflammation causes airway
COPD constriction
- Airflow and ventilation decrease
- Work of breathing and diminished
respiratory
drive often cause hypoventilation and
retention of
CO2
- Function of alveolar macrophages
increases
susceptibility of infection
How do the alveoli change with - The alveoli become permanently
COPD? enlarged and
the alveolar walls are destroyed
- This results in impaired gas exchange
What are the risk factors of - Smoking
COPD? - Age
- Occupation
- Previous respiratory diseases
What are the clinical - Congested cough
manifestations - Dyspnea and use of accessory muscles
of COPD? - Low oxygen
- Increased RR
- Wheezing, decreased air entry, and
crackles
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
Define obstructive sleep apnea -Tongue and the soft palate fall backward
- Partial/complete obstruction of the
pharynx
- Obstructs for 10-90 seconds
- Causes hypoxemia and hypercapnia
What are the risk factors for sleep Snore, tired, obstruction, pressure, BMI,
apnea? age, neck,
and gender.
What are the risk factors - Cardiovascular events (MI, CVA, HTN,
associated and
with sleep apnea? dysrhythmias)
- Injury (MVA and workplace)
Explain the mandibular Forces the lower jaw forward.
advancement
device
Explain continuous positive airway - Splints airway open
pressure therapy - Compliance is often poor, needs to be
worn
every night
, Define COPD - Progressive airflow obstruction
- Ongoing dyspnea, decreased activity
tolerance,
and increased mucous/coughing
Explain the pathophysiology of - Chronic inflammation causes airway
COPD constriction
- Airflow and ventilation decrease
- Work of breathing and diminished
respiratory
drive often cause hypoventilation and
retention of
CO2
- Function of alveolar macrophages
increases
susceptibility of infection
How do the alveoli change with - The alveoli become permanently
COPD? enlarged and
the alveolar walls are destroyed
- This results in impaired gas exchange
What are the risk factors of - Smoking
COPD? - Age
- Occupation
- Previous respiratory diseases
What are the clinical - Congested cough
manifestations - Dyspnea and use of accessory muscles
of COPD? - Low oxygen
- Increased RR
- Wheezing, decreased air entry, and
crackles
