CPPS 325 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT THE ANSWRS 2025-2026||100%
GUARANTEED PASS< CURRENT UPDATE! update2026.
What are the 5 well-known enzyme-linked cell surface receptors? - THE ANSWR-1. Receptor
Guanylyl Cyclase: produces cGMP
2. RTK: phosphorylate tyrosine residues leading to association of signalling molecules and
cascade
3. TK Associated Receptors: associate with proteins having TK activity
4. Receptor Tyrosine Phosphates: Removes phosphate on tyrosine residues
5. Receptor Serine/Threonine Kinases: phosphorylate specific Serine/Threonine residues on IC
signalling molecules
What is the mechansim of action for genome-wide RNAi screen? - THE ANSWR-Screen for cell
growth and viability.
Each microwell contains siRNA corresponding to an individual gene in the drosophila genome.
Those wells in which the cells fai to grow identify genes important for growth or viability.
What is NO? - THE ANSWR-Nitric Oxide
,It is a potent relaxant of peripheral vascular smooth muscle.
Used by the body as a signalling molecule.
Is NO a signalling molecule? - THE ANSWR-Yes. It serves different functions depending on body
system. It could be a NT or a vasodilator.
It is the first gas to act as a biological messenger.
What mediates local signalling by NO? - THE ANSWR-cGMP. NO acts to produce cGMP which
promotes smooth muscle relaxation, and increased blood flow.
What is the NO signalling regulatory pathway? - THE ANSWR-Ach binds to muscarinic AchRs.
Ca2+ channels open causing Ca influx into the cell.
Activation of calmodulin, which activates NOS (NO synthase). NO can go into
muscles and act on guanylate cycase to produce cGMP. cGMP
phosphodiesterases are important in shutting down the response.
What kind of concentration is NO gas normally at? - THE ANSWR-Low [ ] of NO are normally
present.
When are drugs used to manipulate NO? - THE ANSWR-To induce NO synthesis.
As NOS inhibitors.
Inhibitors of cGMP phosphodiesterases.
What conditions are drugs used to induce NO synthesis? - THE ANSWR--Pulmonary
Hypertension
, (nitroprusside-NO donor, open up the airways)
-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (dilates pulmonary arteries, some bronchodilator activity)
-Angina Pectoris (nitroglycerin -NO donor)
What conditions are drugs used as NOS inhibitors? - THE ANSWR-Clinical severe septic shock
induces massive drops in BP (hypotension) and so NOS inhibitors are administered as iv bolus to
help increase blood pressure.
What conditions are drugs used as cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors? - THE ANSWR-Viagra
is a potent and selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 which breaks down cGMP.
cGMP promotes smooth muscle relaxation, increased blood flow to the penis and inhibiting
PDE5 maintains concentrations of cGMP necessary for regional smooth muscle relaxation in the
corpus cavernosum.
What is pains functional role? - THE ANSWR-Serves a functional role in survival.
What happens to people lacking pain receptors? - THE ANSWR-People who are lacking pain
receptors are at great
How are RTK and TK Associated Receptors different? - THE ANSWR-RTK phosphorylate
tyrosine while associated receptors bind/find proteins with TK activity to initiate the cascade of
signalling.
What is the reciprocal of RTK? - THE ANSWR-Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatases. They take the
phosphate off the tyrosine residues to inactivate signalling cascades.
Ex. Transforming GF Beta superfamily of receptors, cell type dependent.
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT THE ANSWRS 2025-2026||100%
GUARANTEED PASS< CURRENT UPDATE! update2026.
What are the 5 well-known enzyme-linked cell surface receptors? - THE ANSWR-1. Receptor
Guanylyl Cyclase: produces cGMP
2. RTK: phosphorylate tyrosine residues leading to association of signalling molecules and
cascade
3. TK Associated Receptors: associate with proteins having TK activity
4. Receptor Tyrosine Phosphates: Removes phosphate on tyrosine residues
5. Receptor Serine/Threonine Kinases: phosphorylate specific Serine/Threonine residues on IC
signalling molecules
What is the mechansim of action for genome-wide RNAi screen? - THE ANSWR-Screen for cell
growth and viability.
Each microwell contains siRNA corresponding to an individual gene in the drosophila genome.
Those wells in which the cells fai to grow identify genes important for growth or viability.
What is NO? - THE ANSWR-Nitric Oxide
,It is a potent relaxant of peripheral vascular smooth muscle.
Used by the body as a signalling molecule.
Is NO a signalling molecule? - THE ANSWR-Yes. It serves different functions depending on body
system. It could be a NT or a vasodilator.
It is the first gas to act as a biological messenger.
What mediates local signalling by NO? - THE ANSWR-cGMP. NO acts to produce cGMP which
promotes smooth muscle relaxation, and increased blood flow.
What is the NO signalling regulatory pathway? - THE ANSWR-Ach binds to muscarinic AchRs.
Ca2+ channels open causing Ca influx into the cell.
Activation of calmodulin, which activates NOS (NO synthase). NO can go into
muscles and act on guanylate cycase to produce cGMP. cGMP
phosphodiesterases are important in shutting down the response.
What kind of concentration is NO gas normally at? - THE ANSWR-Low [ ] of NO are normally
present.
When are drugs used to manipulate NO? - THE ANSWR-To induce NO synthesis.
As NOS inhibitors.
Inhibitors of cGMP phosphodiesterases.
What conditions are drugs used to induce NO synthesis? - THE ANSWR--Pulmonary
Hypertension
, (nitroprusside-NO donor, open up the airways)
-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (dilates pulmonary arteries, some bronchodilator activity)
-Angina Pectoris (nitroglycerin -NO donor)
What conditions are drugs used as NOS inhibitors? - THE ANSWR-Clinical severe septic shock
induces massive drops in BP (hypotension) and so NOS inhibitors are administered as iv bolus to
help increase blood pressure.
What conditions are drugs used as cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors? - THE ANSWR-Viagra
is a potent and selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 which breaks down cGMP.
cGMP promotes smooth muscle relaxation, increased blood flow to the penis and inhibiting
PDE5 maintains concentrations of cGMP necessary for regional smooth muscle relaxation in the
corpus cavernosum.
What is pains functional role? - THE ANSWR-Serves a functional role in survival.
What happens to people lacking pain receptors? - THE ANSWR-People who are lacking pain
receptors are at great
How are RTK and TK Associated Receptors different? - THE ANSWR-RTK phosphorylate
tyrosine while associated receptors bind/find proteins with TK activity to initiate the cascade of
signalling.
What is the reciprocal of RTK? - THE ANSWR-Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatases. They take the
phosphate off the tyrosine residues to inactivate signalling cascades.
Ex. Transforming GF Beta superfamily of receptors, cell type dependent.
