PEDIATRICS HESI PN EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS
TheA2practicalA2nurseA2(PN)A2isA2monitoringA2aA2childA2whoA2isA2manifestingA2signsA2ofA2s
hockA2afterA2aA2motorA2vehicleA2collision.A2WhichA2findingA2isA2mostA2importantA2forA2theA2
PNA2toA2reportA2toA2theA2chargeA2nurse?
a)A2narrowingA2pulseA2pressure
b)A2apprehension
c)A2irritability
d)A2thirstA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2A
Rationale:
AsA2shockA2progresses,A2perfusionA2inA2theA2microcirculationA2becomesA2marginalA2despi
teA2compensatoryA2adjustments,A2andA2theA2signsA2ofA2decompensatedA2shockA2become
A2pronounced,A2suchA2asA2tachycardiaA2andA2narrowingA2pulseA2pressureA2(A).A2(TheA2dif
ferenceA2betweenA2systolicA2andA2diastolicA2bloodA2pressure),A2whichA2shouldA2beA2report
edA2immediately.A2(B,C,A2andA2D)A2areA2notA2asA2significantA2asA2(A).
TheA2motherA2ofA2aA29A2monthA2oldA2maleA2infantA2isA2concernedA2becauseA2heA2criesA2w
heneverA2sheA2leavesA2himA2withA2aA2sitter.A2WhatA2isA2theA2bestA2responseA2forA2theA2pra
cticalA2nurseA2(PN)A2toA2provide?
a)A2"HaveA2youA2noticedA2whetherA2yourA2babyA2isA2teething?"
b)A2"CryingA2whenA2youA2leaveA2himA2inA2aA2healthyA2signA2ofA2attachment."
c)A2"ConsiderA2takingA2theA2babyA2toA2theA2doctorA2becauseA2heA2mayA2beA2ill."
d)A2"YouA2couldA2considerA2leavingA2theA2infantA2moreA2oftenA2soA2heA2canA2adjust."A2-
A2Ans--Answer:A2B
Rationale:
HealthyA2attachmentA2isA2manifestedA2byA2strangerA2anxietyA2inA2lateA2infancyA2(B).A2Pain
A2fromA2teethingA2expressedA2byA2theA2infant'sA2criesA2doesA2notA2occurA2onlyA2whenA2the
A2motherA2leavesA2theA2infantA2withA2anotherA2personA2(A).A2TheA2PNA2shouldA2evaluateA2
theA2infant'sA2developmentalA2needsA2(C)A2beforeA2suggestingA2theA2infantA2mayA2beA2ill.A
2AnA2infantA2whoA2manifestsA2strangerA2anxietyA2isA2bestA2supportedA2byA2theA2motherA2if
A2theA2infantA2isA2leftA2forA2shorterA2periodsA2ofA2time,A2notA2(D).
WhichA2preoperativeA2actionA2isA2mostA2importantA2forA2theA2practicalA2nurseA2(PN)A2toA2i
mplementA2forA2aA2newbornA2withA2meningomyelocele?
a)A2documentA2vitalA2signs
b)A2preventA2skinA2breakdown
c)A2minimizeA2theA2riskA2forA2infection
,d)A2monitorA2neurologicA2functioningA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2C
Rationale:
AA2meningomyeloceleA2providesA2aA2directA2entryA2forA2bacteriaA2intoA2theA2centralA2nerv
ousA2system,A2leadingA2toA2meningitis.A2MeasuresA2thatA2protectA2theA2integrityA2ofA2theA2
meningomyeloceleA2sacA2andA2infectionA2controlA2measuresA2shouldA2beA2implementedA2
toA2minimizeA2theA2riskA2ofA2infectionA2(C).A2(A,B,A2andA2D)A2shouldA2beA2implementedA2b
utA2doA2notA2haveA2theA2priorityA2ofA2(C).
TheA2practicalA2nurseA2isA2caringA2forA2aA26A2yearA2oldA2girlA2whoA2hadA2surgeryA212A2hour
sA2ago.A2TheA2childA2tellsA2theA2PNA2thatA2sheA2doesA2notA2haveA2painA2butA2aA2fewA2minu
tesA2later,A2tellsA2herA2parentsA2thatA2sheA2does.A2WhatA2childA2developmentA2conceptA2is
A2relevantA2toA2thisA2situation?
a)A2inconsistencyA2inA2painA2reportingA2suggestsA2thatA2painA2notA2present
b)A2aA2childA2mayA2haveA2painA2yetA2denyA2itsA2presenceA2toA2theA2nurse
c)A2truthfulA2reportingA2ofA2painA2shouldA2occurA2byA2thisA2age
d)A2childrenA2useA2painA2experiencesA2toA2manipulateA2theirA2parentsA2-A2Ans--
Answer:A2B
Rationale:
AA2childA2mayA2fearA2receivingA2anA2injectionA2forA2painA2orA2mayA2believeA2thatA2painA2isA
2aA2deservedA2punishmentA2forA2someA2misdeed,A2soA2theA2painA2isA2deniedA2(D)A2whenA2
theA2nurseA2asksA2theA2child,A2whoA2thenA2readilyA2admitsA2havingA2painA2toA2aA2parent.A2
ThisA2behaviorA2shouldA2notA2beA2interpretedA2asA2(C)A2butA2asA2aA2validA2indicationA2ofA2
pain.A2(AA2andA2C)A2areA2incorrectA2interpretationsA2ofA2thisA2behavior.
AA26A2yearA2oldA2whoA2hadA2aA2tonsillectomyA212A2hoursA2agoA2isA2complainingA2ofA2thirst.
A2WhatA2shouldA2theA2practicalA2nurseA2(PN)A2offer?
a)A2popsicle
b)A2lemonade
c)A2orangeA2juice
d)A2chocolateA2milkA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2A
Rationale:
SmallA2amountsA2ofA2clearA2liquidsA2withoutA2redA2dyesA2shouldA2beA2offeredA2toA2theA2chi
ld.A2PopsiclesA2(A)A2areA2coldA2andA2helpA2sootheA2aA2dryA2throat.A2CitrusA2drinksA2(BA2an
dA2C)A2areA2acidicA2andA2irritateA2theA2operativeA2siteA2inA2theA2posteriorA2oropharynx.A2Mi
lkA2(D)A2thickensA2oralA2mucusA2whichA2makesA2swallowingA2moreA2difficultA2andA2causes
A2coughing.
TheA2motherA2ofA2aA2maleA2newbornA2callsA2theA2clinicA2toA2inquireA2aboutA2theA2formatio
nA2ofA2aA2yellowA2crustA2overA2herA2son'sA2circumcisionA2area.A2WhatA2informationA2shoul
dA2theA2practicalA2nurseA2(PN)A2provide?
, a)A2doA2notA2removeA2theA2yellowA2crustA2fromA2theA2site
b)A2stopA2usingA2petroleumA2aroundA2theA2headA2ofA2theA2penis
c)A2bringA2himA2intoA2theA2clinic
d)A2tightlyA2fastenA2theA2diaperA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2A
Rationale:
CrustA2formationA2isA2partA2ofA2theA2healingA2processA2andA2shouldA2beA2removedA2(A).A2(
C)A2isA2notA2indicatedA2atA2thisA2time.A2TheA2diaperA2shouldA2beA2fastenedA2loosely,A2notA2
tightlyA2(D)A2whichA2canA2placeA2pressureA2onA2theA2incisionA2site.A2(B)A2assistsA2inA2theA2
healingA2processA2andA2shouldA2notA2beA2discontinued.
TheA2motherA2ofA2aA2childA2withA2croupA2isA2havingA2barking,A2coughingA2episodesA2callsA
2theA2clinicA2forA2assistance.A2WhatA2actionA2shouldA2theA2practicalA2nurseA2(PN)A2recom
mendA2thatA2theA2motherA2implementA2first?
a)A2takeA2theA2childA2outsideA2inA2theA2coolA2air
b)A2bringA2theA2childA2directlyA2toA2theA2emergencyA2room
c)A2sitA2withA2theA2childA2inA2bathroomA2withA2aA2hotA2showerA2running
d)A2haveA2theA2childA2drinkA2plentyA2ofA2fluidsA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2C
Rationale:
CroupA2(laryngotracheobronchitis)A2isA2aA2viralA2infectionA2thatA2causesA2aA2"barking"A2co
ughA2andA2varyingA2degreesA2ofA2inspiratoryA2stridor,A2whichA2oftenA2respondsA2toA2aA2hig
hA2humidityA2environment.A2MostA2childrenA2canA2beA2managedA2atA2homeA2usingA2theA2s
treamA2fromA2aA2hotA2showerA2inA2aA2closedA2bathroomA2(C)A2whichA2oftenA2stopsA2laryng
ealA2spasm.A2IncreasingA2theA2child'sA2fluidA2intakeA2isA2importantA2(D),A2butA2notA2aA2prior
ityA2atA2thisA2time.AlthoughA2exposureA2toA2coldA2airA2(A)A2alsoA2relievesA2stridor,A2parents
A2shouldA2beA2encouragedA2toA2useA2mistA2humidifierA2inA2theA2child'sA2room.A2(B)A2isA2not
A2necessaryA2unlessA2theA2childA2isA2havingA2increasinglyA2difficultyA2breathingA2thatA2ma
yA2leadA2toA2aA2compromisedA2airway.
WhichA2findingA2shouldA2theA2practicalA2nurseA2confirmA2withA2theA2parentsA2ofA2anA2infan
tA2whoA2isA2admittedA2withA2possibleA2intussusception?
a)A2redA2currantA2jellyA2stools
b)A2clayA2coloredA2stools
c)A2constantA2abdominalA2pain
d)A2projectileA2vomitingA2afterA2mealsA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2A
Rationale:
RedA2currantA2jellyA2stoolsA2(A)A2isA2aA2signA2ofA2intussusception,A2whichA2causesA2aA2mix
tureA2ofA2stool,A2mucous,A2andA2bloodA2asA2theA2intestinesA2telescopesA2insideA2itself.A2(D
)A2isA2associatedA2withA2pyloricA2stenosis.A2(B)A2isA2consistentA2withA2biliaryA2obstruction.A
2InfantsA2withA2intussusceptionA2usuallyA2haveA2periodsA2ofA2severeA2painA2followedA2byA2
intervalsA2inA2whichA2theyA2appearA2comfortable,A2notA2(C).
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS
TheA2practicalA2nurseA2(PN)A2isA2monitoringA2aA2childA2whoA2isA2manifestingA2signsA2ofA2s
hockA2afterA2aA2motorA2vehicleA2collision.A2WhichA2findingA2isA2mostA2importantA2forA2theA2
PNA2toA2reportA2toA2theA2chargeA2nurse?
a)A2narrowingA2pulseA2pressure
b)A2apprehension
c)A2irritability
d)A2thirstA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2A
Rationale:
AsA2shockA2progresses,A2perfusionA2inA2theA2microcirculationA2becomesA2marginalA2despi
teA2compensatoryA2adjustments,A2andA2theA2signsA2ofA2decompensatedA2shockA2become
A2pronounced,A2suchA2asA2tachycardiaA2andA2narrowingA2pulseA2pressureA2(A).A2(TheA2dif
ferenceA2betweenA2systolicA2andA2diastolicA2bloodA2pressure),A2whichA2shouldA2beA2report
edA2immediately.A2(B,C,A2andA2D)A2areA2notA2asA2significantA2asA2(A).
TheA2motherA2ofA2aA29A2monthA2oldA2maleA2infantA2isA2concernedA2becauseA2heA2criesA2w
heneverA2sheA2leavesA2himA2withA2aA2sitter.A2WhatA2isA2theA2bestA2responseA2forA2theA2pra
cticalA2nurseA2(PN)A2toA2provide?
a)A2"HaveA2youA2noticedA2whetherA2yourA2babyA2isA2teething?"
b)A2"CryingA2whenA2youA2leaveA2himA2inA2aA2healthyA2signA2ofA2attachment."
c)A2"ConsiderA2takingA2theA2babyA2toA2theA2doctorA2becauseA2heA2mayA2beA2ill."
d)A2"YouA2couldA2considerA2leavingA2theA2infantA2moreA2oftenA2soA2heA2canA2adjust."A2-
A2Ans--Answer:A2B
Rationale:
HealthyA2attachmentA2isA2manifestedA2byA2strangerA2anxietyA2inA2lateA2infancyA2(B).A2Pain
A2fromA2teethingA2expressedA2byA2theA2infant'sA2criesA2doesA2notA2occurA2onlyA2whenA2the
A2motherA2leavesA2theA2infantA2withA2anotherA2personA2(A).A2TheA2PNA2shouldA2evaluateA2
theA2infant'sA2developmentalA2needsA2(C)A2beforeA2suggestingA2theA2infantA2mayA2beA2ill.A
2AnA2infantA2whoA2manifestsA2strangerA2anxietyA2isA2bestA2supportedA2byA2theA2motherA2if
A2theA2infantA2isA2leftA2forA2shorterA2periodsA2ofA2time,A2notA2(D).
WhichA2preoperativeA2actionA2isA2mostA2importantA2forA2theA2practicalA2nurseA2(PN)A2toA2i
mplementA2forA2aA2newbornA2withA2meningomyelocele?
a)A2documentA2vitalA2signs
b)A2preventA2skinA2breakdown
c)A2minimizeA2theA2riskA2forA2infection
,d)A2monitorA2neurologicA2functioningA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2C
Rationale:
AA2meningomyeloceleA2providesA2aA2directA2entryA2forA2bacteriaA2intoA2theA2centralA2nerv
ousA2system,A2leadingA2toA2meningitis.A2MeasuresA2thatA2protectA2theA2integrityA2ofA2theA2
meningomyeloceleA2sacA2andA2infectionA2controlA2measuresA2shouldA2beA2implementedA2
toA2minimizeA2theA2riskA2ofA2infectionA2(C).A2(A,B,A2andA2D)A2shouldA2beA2implementedA2b
utA2doA2notA2haveA2theA2priorityA2ofA2(C).
TheA2practicalA2nurseA2isA2caringA2forA2aA26A2yearA2oldA2girlA2whoA2hadA2surgeryA212A2hour
sA2ago.A2TheA2childA2tellsA2theA2PNA2thatA2sheA2doesA2notA2haveA2painA2butA2aA2fewA2minu
tesA2later,A2tellsA2herA2parentsA2thatA2sheA2does.A2WhatA2childA2developmentA2conceptA2is
A2relevantA2toA2thisA2situation?
a)A2inconsistencyA2inA2painA2reportingA2suggestsA2thatA2painA2notA2present
b)A2aA2childA2mayA2haveA2painA2yetA2denyA2itsA2presenceA2toA2theA2nurse
c)A2truthfulA2reportingA2ofA2painA2shouldA2occurA2byA2thisA2age
d)A2childrenA2useA2painA2experiencesA2toA2manipulateA2theirA2parentsA2-A2Ans--
Answer:A2B
Rationale:
AA2childA2mayA2fearA2receivingA2anA2injectionA2forA2painA2orA2mayA2believeA2thatA2painA2isA
2aA2deservedA2punishmentA2forA2someA2misdeed,A2soA2theA2painA2isA2deniedA2(D)A2whenA2
theA2nurseA2asksA2theA2child,A2whoA2thenA2readilyA2admitsA2havingA2painA2toA2aA2parent.A2
ThisA2behaviorA2shouldA2notA2beA2interpretedA2asA2(C)A2butA2asA2aA2validA2indicationA2ofA2
pain.A2(AA2andA2C)A2areA2incorrectA2interpretationsA2ofA2thisA2behavior.
AA26A2yearA2oldA2whoA2hadA2aA2tonsillectomyA212A2hoursA2agoA2isA2complainingA2ofA2thirst.
A2WhatA2shouldA2theA2practicalA2nurseA2(PN)A2offer?
a)A2popsicle
b)A2lemonade
c)A2orangeA2juice
d)A2chocolateA2milkA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2A
Rationale:
SmallA2amountsA2ofA2clearA2liquidsA2withoutA2redA2dyesA2shouldA2beA2offeredA2toA2theA2chi
ld.A2PopsiclesA2(A)A2areA2coldA2andA2helpA2sootheA2aA2dryA2throat.A2CitrusA2drinksA2(BA2an
dA2C)A2areA2acidicA2andA2irritateA2theA2operativeA2siteA2inA2theA2posteriorA2oropharynx.A2Mi
lkA2(D)A2thickensA2oralA2mucusA2whichA2makesA2swallowingA2moreA2difficultA2andA2causes
A2coughing.
TheA2motherA2ofA2aA2maleA2newbornA2callsA2theA2clinicA2toA2inquireA2aboutA2theA2formatio
nA2ofA2aA2yellowA2crustA2overA2herA2son'sA2circumcisionA2area.A2WhatA2informationA2shoul
dA2theA2practicalA2nurseA2(PN)A2provide?
, a)A2doA2notA2removeA2theA2yellowA2crustA2fromA2theA2site
b)A2stopA2usingA2petroleumA2aroundA2theA2headA2ofA2theA2penis
c)A2bringA2himA2intoA2theA2clinic
d)A2tightlyA2fastenA2theA2diaperA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2A
Rationale:
CrustA2formationA2isA2partA2ofA2theA2healingA2processA2andA2shouldA2beA2removedA2(A).A2(
C)A2isA2notA2indicatedA2atA2thisA2time.A2TheA2diaperA2shouldA2beA2fastenedA2loosely,A2notA2
tightlyA2(D)A2whichA2canA2placeA2pressureA2onA2theA2incisionA2site.A2(B)A2assistsA2inA2theA2
healingA2processA2andA2shouldA2notA2beA2discontinued.
TheA2motherA2ofA2aA2childA2withA2croupA2isA2havingA2barking,A2coughingA2episodesA2callsA
2theA2clinicA2forA2assistance.A2WhatA2actionA2shouldA2theA2practicalA2nurseA2(PN)A2recom
mendA2thatA2theA2motherA2implementA2first?
a)A2takeA2theA2childA2outsideA2inA2theA2coolA2air
b)A2bringA2theA2childA2directlyA2toA2theA2emergencyA2room
c)A2sitA2withA2theA2childA2inA2bathroomA2withA2aA2hotA2showerA2running
d)A2haveA2theA2childA2drinkA2plentyA2ofA2fluidsA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2C
Rationale:
CroupA2(laryngotracheobronchitis)A2isA2aA2viralA2infectionA2thatA2causesA2aA2"barking"A2co
ughA2andA2varyingA2degreesA2ofA2inspiratoryA2stridor,A2whichA2oftenA2respondsA2toA2aA2hig
hA2humidityA2environment.A2MostA2childrenA2canA2beA2managedA2atA2homeA2usingA2theA2s
treamA2fromA2aA2hotA2showerA2inA2aA2closedA2bathroomA2(C)A2whichA2oftenA2stopsA2laryng
ealA2spasm.A2IncreasingA2theA2child'sA2fluidA2intakeA2isA2importantA2(D),A2butA2notA2aA2prior
ityA2atA2thisA2time.AlthoughA2exposureA2toA2coldA2airA2(A)A2alsoA2relievesA2stridor,A2parents
A2shouldA2beA2encouragedA2toA2useA2mistA2humidifierA2inA2theA2child'sA2room.A2(B)A2isA2not
A2necessaryA2unlessA2theA2childA2isA2havingA2increasinglyA2difficultyA2breathingA2thatA2ma
yA2leadA2toA2aA2compromisedA2airway.
WhichA2findingA2shouldA2theA2practicalA2nurseA2confirmA2withA2theA2parentsA2ofA2anA2infan
tA2whoA2isA2admittedA2withA2possibleA2intussusception?
a)A2redA2currantA2jellyA2stools
b)A2clayA2coloredA2stools
c)A2constantA2abdominalA2pain
d)A2projectileA2vomitingA2afterA2mealsA2-A2Ans--Answer:A2A
Rationale:
RedA2currantA2jellyA2stoolsA2(A)A2isA2aA2signA2ofA2intussusception,A2whichA2causesA2aA2mix
tureA2ofA2stool,A2mucous,A2andA2bloodA2asA2theA2intestinesA2telescopesA2insideA2itself.A2(D
)A2isA2associatedA2withA2pyloricA2stenosis.A2(B)A2isA2consistentA2withA2biliaryA2obstruction.A
2InfantsA2withA2intussusceptionA2usuallyA2haveA2periodsA2ofA2severeA2painA2followedA2byA2
intervalsA2inA2whichA2theyA2appearA2comfortable,A2notA2(C).
