NSG554 Exams Nurse Practitioners
in Primary Care I (FNP) Verified
Questions and Answers
Exam 1 – Foundations of Primary Care
Question 1
A 52-year-old woman presents for her annual wellness visit. She has no significant medical
history, does not smoke, and has a BMI of 24 kg/m². Which preventive service is most
appropriate to recommend?
A. Annual low-dose CT scan for lung cancer
B. Colon cancer screening
C. Annual carotid artery ultrasound
D. Routine chest radiograph
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Adults at average risk should begin colorectal cancer screening at age 45. Low-dose CT
screening is generally recommended only for adults with a substantial smoking history who
meet current eligibility criteria. Routine carotid ultrasound and chest radiographs are not
recommended for asymptomatic average-risk adults.
,Question 2
A 45-year-old man has two office blood pressure readings of 146/92 mmHg obtained one week
apart. What is the most appropriate next step?
A. Diagnose hypertension immediately and begin two medications.
B. Confirm elevated blood pressure with additional measurements, including home or
ambulatory monitoring when appropriate, before making a diagnosis.
C. Reassure the patient that no follow-up is needed.
D. Repeat the blood pressure in five years.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Hypertension should generally be confirmed with repeat measurements and, when feasible,
home or ambulatory blood pressure monitoring before establishing the diagnosis and treatment
plan.
Question 3
Which statement best describes evidence-based practice (EBP)?
A. Clinical decisions should rely only on clinician experience.
B. EBP integrates the best available research evidence, clinician expertise, and patient values
and preferences.
C. Research evidence always overrides patient preferences.
D. EBP eliminates the need for clinical judgment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Evidence-based practice combines scientific evidence with clinical expertise and the patient's
goals and values to support individualized care.
Question 4
,A 30-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weight gain, constipation, and cold intolerance.
Which laboratory test is the best initial evaluation?
A. Serum cortisol
B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
C. Serum insulin
D. Vitamin D level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
These symptoms are suggestive of hypothyroidism. TSH is the preferred initial screening test in
most patients.
Question 5
A family nurse practitioner wants to improve communication with patients from diverse cultural
backgrounds. Which approach is most appropriate?
A. Assume all patients from the same culture have identical beliefs.
B. Use culturally humble, patient-centered communication and ask open-ended questions.
C. Avoid discussing cultural beliefs during visits.
D. Base treatment decisions solely on the clinician's preferences.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Cultural humility emphasizes respectful inquiry, avoiding assumptions, and partnering with
patients in shared decision-making.
Question 6
Which vaccine is routinely recommended every year for most adults?
A. Influenza vaccine
B. Measles vaccine
, C. Hepatitis A vaccine
D. HPV vaccine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for nearly all individuals aged 6 months and older
unless contraindicated.
Question 7
A patient has a BMI of 33 kg/m². Which classification is correct?
A. Normal weight
B. Overweight
C. Obesity (Class I)
D. Underweight
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
A BMI of 30.0–34.9 kg/m² is classified as Class I obesity.
Question 8
A 60-year-old patient with a 40-pack-year smoking history currently smokes one pack per day.
Which preventive intervention should the FNP discuss if the patient meets current screening
eligibility?
A. Annual low-dose CT lung cancer screening
B. Annual chest X-ray
C. Sputum cytology alone
D. PET scan every year
Correct Answer: A
in Primary Care I (FNP) Verified
Questions and Answers
Exam 1 – Foundations of Primary Care
Question 1
A 52-year-old woman presents for her annual wellness visit. She has no significant medical
history, does not smoke, and has a BMI of 24 kg/m². Which preventive service is most
appropriate to recommend?
A. Annual low-dose CT scan for lung cancer
B. Colon cancer screening
C. Annual carotid artery ultrasound
D. Routine chest radiograph
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Adults at average risk should begin colorectal cancer screening at age 45. Low-dose CT
screening is generally recommended only for adults with a substantial smoking history who
meet current eligibility criteria. Routine carotid ultrasound and chest radiographs are not
recommended for asymptomatic average-risk adults.
,Question 2
A 45-year-old man has two office blood pressure readings of 146/92 mmHg obtained one week
apart. What is the most appropriate next step?
A. Diagnose hypertension immediately and begin two medications.
B. Confirm elevated blood pressure with additional measurements, including home or
ambulatory monitoring when appropriate, before making a diagnosis.
C. Reassure the patient that no follow-up is needed.
D. Repeat the blood pressure in five years.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Hypertension should generally be confirmed with repeat measurements and, when feasible,
home or ambulatory blood pressure monitoring before establishing the diagnosis and treatment
plan.
Question 3
Which statement best describes evidence-based practice (EBP)?
A. Clinical decisions should rely only on clinician experience.
B. EBP integrates the best available research evidence, clinician expertise, and patient values
and preferences.
C. Research evidence always overrides patient preferences.
D. EBP eliminates the need for clinical judgment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Evidence-based practice combines scientific evidence with clinical expertise and the patient's
goals and values to support individualized care.
Question 4
,A 30-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weight gain, constipation, and cold intolerance.
Which laboratory test is the best initial evaluation?
A. Serum cortisol
B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
C. Serum insulin
D. Vitamin D level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
These symptoms are suggestive of hypothyroidism. TSH is the preferred initial screening test in
most patients.
Question 5
A family nurse practitioner wants to improve communication with patients from diverse cultural
backgrounds. Which approach is most appropriate?
A. Assume all patients from the same culture have identical beliefs.
B. Use culturally humble, patient-centered communication and ask open-ended questions.
C. Avoid discussing cultural beliefs during visits.
D. Base treatment decisions solely on the clinician's preferences.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Cultural humility emphasizes respectful inquiry, avoiding assumptions, and partnering with
patients in shared decision-making.
Question 6
Which vaccine is routinely recommended every year for most adults?
A. Influenza vaccine
B. Measles vaccine
, C. Hepatitis A vaccine
D. HPV vaccine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for nearly all individuals aged 6 months and older
unless contraindicated.
Question 7
A patient has a BMI of 33 kg/m². Which classification is correct?
A. Normal weight
B. Overweight
C. Obesity (Class I)
D. Underweight
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
A BMI of 30.0–34.9 kg/m² is classified as Class I obesity.
Question 8
A 60-year-old patient with a 40-pack-year smoking history currently smokes one pack per day.
Which preventive intervention should the FNP discuss if the patient meets current screening
eligibility?
A. Annual low-dose CT lung cancer screening
B. Annual chest X-ray
C. Sputum cytology alone
D. PET scan every year
Correct Answer: A
