Adult health Questions & answers with
Rationales,Verified Solutions
Before we review the options, let's look at the question. The key words in a question
should be identified. The key words in this question are occult blood test, avoid, and 2
hours. Each option stands alone with the question. After reviewing the question, look at
each option and identify if it is true or false.
The test taker must be knowledgeable about diagnostic tests. This question is asking
about what to avoid 2 hours prior to a occult blood test. So let's look at the options.
Option 1 is true. Liver ingested within 2 hours of the test can cause a false-positive
reading of the occult blood test.
Option 2 is false. A tomato is not on the food list that will cause a false positive reading
if eaten within 2 hours prior to a occult blood test
Option 3 is true. Ibuprofen is on the medication list that will cause a false reading if
taken within 2 hours to a occult blood test.
Option 4 is true. Sardines ingested wi - ✅✅ -A client who needs to have a stool
specimen for an occult blood test is guided by the nurse to avoid which substances two
hours prior to testing?
You answered this question Incorrectly
1. Liver
2. Tomato
3. Ibuprofen
4. Sardines
5. Ascorbic acid
3. Correct: The postoperative client with a total hip replacement is at risk for
thromboembolism and fat emboli which can travel to the lungs and cause respiratory
distress. Without proper turning, coughing, and deep breathing, pneumonia and
atelectasis may occur. So preventing respiratory complications is high on the priority list.
Remember the ABCs - airway, breathing, then circulation. Preventing respiratory
,complications is the highest priority because of the possibility of sudden death from the
complications of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
1. Incorrect: This client is at risk for hemorrhage and/or hematoma formation related to
surgical trauma to blood vessels (the hip is a very vascular area) and use of
anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents before and after surgery. So the nurse will need to
✅✅
monitor for shock caused by loss of volume. The nurse should monitor drains, wound
dressings, and intake - -A nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital for a
total hip replacement. Which goal is the highest priority in the post-operative phase of
care?
You answered this question Correctly
1. Prevent complications of shock.
2. Prevent dislocation of prosthesis.
3. Prevent respiratory complications.
4. Prevent skin breakdown
2., 3. & 5. Correct: It is important to establish a bowel routine and respond to the urge to
defecate. An exercise regimen, increased ambulation, and abdominal muscle toning will
increase muscle strength and help propel colon contents. Tone abdominal muscles by
contracting 4 times daily and do leg to chest lifts 10-20 times per day. A diet high in fiber
is also helpful. Laxatives should be used as a last resort and should not be taken
regularly. Over time, laxatives can desensitize the bowel and worsen constipation.
Adequate fluid intake is needed in management of constipation.
1. Incorrect: A daily bowel movement is not necessary as long as the bowels move
regularly.
✅✅
4. Incorrect: A diet high in bulk and fiber is needed rather than low in bulk. -
-Which strategies should the nurse suggest for the prevention of constipation in
older clients?
You answered this question Incorrectly
1. Mild laxatives are appropriate if a bowel movement is not achieved daily.
2. Emphasize the importance of establishing a bowel routine.
3. Introduce abdominal toning exercises.
4. Encourage foods low in bulk.
,5. Drink 6-8 glasses of water per day.
4. Correct: The catheter output should be at least the volume of irrigation input plus the
client's actual urine. A severe decrease in output indicates obstruction in the drainage
system. The first action is to stop the irrigation flow to prevent further bladder distention.
Bladder distention is one of the main causes of hemorrhage in the fresh post op period.
1. Incorrect: The next action is to check the external system for kinks or obstruction to
assess if this is the cause of the decreased urine output. Obstruction of the catheter
tubing can also cause bladder distention.
2. Incorrect: After the external system is checked for kinks or obstruction, and the
client's urine output doesn't change, then the catheter is irrigated with 30 to 50 mL of
normal saline using a large piston syringe. However, irrigating a new post-op client is
✅✅
not the safest or first action for the nurse.
3. Incorrect: Of the options listed her - -A client has been on the nursing unit for
two hours following a retropubic prostatectomy for the treatment of prostate cancer. The
client is receiving a continuous bladder irrigation of normal saline infusing at 1000
mL/hr. The client's urine output for the past two hours is 410 mL. What is the nurse's
first action?
You answered this question Incorrectly
1. Inspect the catheter tubing for obstruction.
2. Irrigate the catheter with a large piston syringe.
3. Notify the primary healthcare provider.
4. Stop the irrigation flow.
Most colon cancers originate from small, benign tumors called adenomatous polyps that
form on the inner walls of the large intestine.Some of these polyps may grow into
malignant colon cancers over time if they are not removed during colonoscopy. Cancer
can be the result of a genetic predisposition that is inherited from family members. It is
possible to be born with certain genetic mutations or a fault in a gene that makes one
statistically more likely to develop cancer later in life. Age is an important risk factor for
colon cancer. Colon cancers are more likely to occur in people with sedentary lifestyles,
obese people, and those who smoke tobacco. Diet is an important factor associated
with colon cancer. Diets that are low in fiber and high in fat, calories, and red meat and
✅✅
processed meats increase the risk of developing colon cancer. There are several
diseases and conditions that have been associated with an inc - -The LPN/VN is
reinforcing teaching in a community health class for cancer prevention and screening.
Which individual does the nurse recognize as having the highest risk for colon cancer?
, You answered this question Correctly
1. Diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome
2. Has a family history of colon polyps
3. Diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver
4. Has a history of colon surgery
3. Correct: Hypothyroidism clients tend to have constipation due to decreased motility of
the GI tract and need increased fiber and fluid intake. Popcorn is high in fiber.
1. Incorrect: People with hypothyroidism have a slow metabolism and do not need high
protein but a well balanced diet. Almonds are high in protein.
2. Incorrect: Cheese and crackers are high in sodium. This client is at risk for CAD, so
sodium should be limited.
4. Incorrect: This client does not need high potassium, which fried sweet potatoes have.
✅✅
The high potassium dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet is only for
healthy clients with hypertension. - -A client diagnosed with hypothyroidism has
received dietary education from the nurse. Which snack selection chosen by the client
would indicate that education has been successful?
You answered this question Correctly
1. Cup of almonds
2. Cheese and crackers
3. Popcorn
4. Sweet potato fries
4. Correct: Salmonella is a gram negative bacillus found in animal sources such as
chicken products, eggs, turkey, and some beef. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea after
ingesting infected chicken would be the classic signs/symptoms.
1. Incorrect: Shigella infection is a gram negative organism that invades the lumen of
the intestine and causes severe runny, bloody diarrhea which can be transmitted
through the fecal/oral route. Improper hygiene is most likely cause.
2. Incorrect: Escherichia coli is the most common aerobic organism colonizing the large
bowel. It is often linked to ingestion of undercooked contaminated beef and vegetables
that have been contaminated by animal waste water. Signs and symptoms of E. coli
include bloody diarrhea, severe cramps, nausea and vomiting, and renal failure.
✅✅
3. Incorrect: Clostridium Difficile is a spore-forming bacterium usually preceded by
antibiotics, which disrupt normal intesti - -A client is brought into the emergency
Rationales,Verified Solutions
Before we review the options, let's look at the question. The key words in a question
should be identified. The key words in this question are occult blood test, avoid, and 2
hours. Each option stands alone with the question. After reviewing the question, look at
each option and identify if it is true or false.
The test taker must be knowledgeable about diagnostic tests. This question is asking
about what to avoid 2 hours prior to a occult blood test. So let's look at the options.
Option 1 is true. Liver ingested within 2 hours of the test can cause a false-positive
reading of the occult blood test.
Option 2 is false. A tomato is not on the food list that will cause a false positive reading
if eaten within 2 hours prior to a occult blood test
Option 3 is true. Ibuprofen is on the medication list that will cause a false reading if
taken within 2 hours to a occult blood test.
Option 4 is true. Sardines ingested wi - ✅✅ -A client who needs to have a stool
specimen for an occult blood test is guided by the nurse to avoid which substances two
hours prior to testing?
You answered this question Incorrectly
1. Liver
2. Tomato
3. Ibuprofen
4. Sardines
5. Ascorbic acid
3. Correct: The postoperative client with a total hip replacement is at risk for
thromboembolism and fat emboli which can travel to the lungs and cause respiratory
distress. Without proper turning, coughing, and deep breathing, pneumonia and
atelectasis may occur. So preventing respiratory complications is high on the priority list.
Remember the ABCs - airway, breathing, then circulation. Preventing respiratory
,complications is the highest priority because of the possibility of sudden death from the
complications of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
1. Incorrect: This client is at risk for hemorrhage and/or hematoma formation related to
surgical trauma to blood vessels (the hip is a very vascular area) and use of
anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents before and after surgery. So the nurse will need to
✅✅
monitor for shock caused by loss of volume. The nurse should monitor drains, wound
dressings, and intake - -A nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital for a
total hip replacement. Which goal is the highest priority in the post-operative phase of
care?
You answered this question Correctly
1. Prevent complications of shock.
2. Prevent dislocation of prosthesis.
3. Prevent respiratory complications.
4. Prevent skin breakdown
2., 3. & 5. Correct: It is important to establish a bowel routine and respond to the urge to
defecate. An exercise regimen, increased ambulation, and abdominal muscle toning will
increase muscle strength and help propel colon contents. Tone abdominal muscles by
contracting 4 times daily and do leg to chest lifts 10-20 times per day. A diet high in fiber
is also helpful. Laxatives should be used as a last resort and should not be taken
regularly. Over time, laxatives can desensitize the bowel and worsen constipation.
Adequate fluid intake is needed in management of constipation.
1. Incorrect: A daily bowel movement is not necessary as long as the bowels move
regularly.
✅✅
4. Incorrect: A diet high in bulk and fiber is needed rather than low in bulk. -
-Which strategies should the nurse suggest for the prevention of constipation in
older clients?
You answered this question Incorrectly
1. Mild laxatives are appropriate if a bowel movement is not achieved daily.
2. Emphasize the importance of establishing a bowel routine.
3. Introduce abdominal toning exercises.
4. Encourage foods low in bulk.
,5. Drink 6-8 glasses of water per day.
4. Correct: The catheter output should be at least the volume of irrigation input plus the
client's actual urine. A severe decrease in output indicates obstruction in the drainage
system. The first action is to stop the irrigation flow to prevent further bladder distention.
Bladder distention is one of the main causes of hemorrhage in the fresh post op period.
1. Incorrect: The next action is to check the external system for kinks or obstruction to
assess if this is the cause of the decreased urine output. Obstruction of the catheter
tubing can also cause bladder distention.
2. Incorrect: After the external system is checked for kinks or obstruction, and the
client's urine output doesn't change, then the catheter is irrigated with 30 to 50 mL of
normal saline using a large piston syringe. However, irrigating a new post-op client is
✅✅
not the safest or first action for the nurse.
3. Incorrect: Of the options listed her - -A client has been on the nursing unit for
two hours following a retropubic prostatectomy for the treatment of prostate cancer. The
client is receiving a continuous bladder irrigation of normal saline infusing at 1000
mL/hr. The client's urine output for the past two hours is 410 mL. What is the nurse's
first action?
You answered this question Incorrectly
1. Inspect the catheter tubing for obstruction.
2. Irrigate the catheter with a large piston syringe.
3. Notify the primary healthcare provider.
4. Stop the irrigation flow.
Most colon cancers originate from small, benign tumors called adenomatous polyps that
form on the inner walls of the large intestine.Some of these polyps may grow into
malignant colon cancers over time if they are not removed during colonoscopy. Cancer
can be the result of a genetic predisposition that is inherited from family members. It is
possible to be born with certain genetic mutations or a fault in a gene that makes one
statistically more likely to develop cancer later in life. Age is an important risk factor for
colon cancer. Colon cancers are more likely to occur in people with sedentary lifestyles,
obese people, and those who smoke tobacco. Diet is an important factor associated
with colon cancer. Diets that are low in fiber and high in fat, calories, and red meat and
✅✅
processed meats increase the risk of developing colon cancer. There are several
diseases and conditions that have been associated with an inc - -The LPN/VN is
reinforcing teaching in a community health class for cancer prevention and screening.
Which individual does the nurse recognize as having the highest risk for colon cancer?
, You answered this question Correctly
1. Diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome
2. Has a family history of colon polyps
3. Diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver
4. Has a history of colon surgery
3. Correct: Hypothyroidism clients tend to have constipation due to decreased motility of
the GI tract and need increased fiber and fluid intake. Popcorn is high in fiber.
1. Incorrect: People with hypothyroidism have a slow metabolism and do not need high
protein but a well balanced diet. Almonds are high in protein.
2. Incorrect: Cheese and crackers are high in sodium. This client is at risk for CAD, so
sodium should be limited.
4. Incorrect: This client does not need high potassium, which fried sweet potatoes have.
✅✅
The high potassium dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet is only for
healthy clients with hypertension. - -A client diagnosed with hypothyroidism has
received dietary education from the nurse. Which snack selection chosen by the client
would indicate that education has been successful?
You answered this question Correctly
1. Cup of almonds
2. Cheese and crackers
3. Popcorn
4. Sweet potato fries
4. Correct: Salmonella is a gram negative bacillus found in animal sources such as
chicken products, eggs, turkey, and some beef. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea after
ingesting infected chicken would be the classic signs/symptoms.
1. Incorrect: Shigella infection is a gram negative organism that invades the lumen of
the intestine and causes severe runny, bloody diarrhea which can be transmitted
through the fecal/oral route. Improper hygiene is most likely cause.
2. Incorrect: Escherichia coli is the most common aerobic organism colonizing the large
bowel. It is often linked to ingestion of undercooked contaminated beef and vegetables
that have been contaminated by animal waste water. Signs and symptoms of E. coli
include bloody diarrhea, severe cramps, nausea and vomiting, and renal failure.
✅✅
3. Incorrect: Clostridium Difficile is a spore-forming bacterium usually preceded by
antibiotics, which disrupt normal intesti - -A client is brought into the emergency
