TEST BANK FOR FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 12TH
EDITION BY POTTER, PERRY, STOCKERT, HALL,
OSTENDORF. LATEST EDITION|| ALL CHAPTERS
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS| LATEST| 2025/2026
Chapter 1 — Nursing: Profession, Roles, and Standards
1. A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a newly licensed nurse about the
scope of professional nursing practice. Which statement best describes the
primary focus of professional nursing?
A. Diagnosing and prescribing treatment for common conditions.
B. Caring for the person, family, and community to achieve optimal health and
functioning.
C. Providing clerical support for the healthcare team.
D. Supervising all ancillary staff and delegating all clinical tasks.
Answer: B
Rationale: Professional nursing centers on care of individuals, families, and
communities to promote, maintain, and restore health. Diagnosis and prescribing
are outside typical RN scope in most jurisdictions. Clerical support and delegation
are components of nursing work but not the primary focus.
2. Which action is most consistent with the nursing code of ethics?
A. Reporting a colleague for suspected substance abuse to the appropriate
authority.
B. Sharing a patient’s personal health information with family without consent.
C. Refusing to care for an assigned patient due to busy schedule.
D. Accepting a gift of cash from a grateful patient.
Answer: A
Rationale: Reporting impaired colleagues protects patient safety and aligns with
ethical duties. Sharing PHI without consent violates confidentiality. Refusing
assignment without appropriate reason may be abandonment. Accepting cash gifts
can create conflict of interest.
3. A nurse practices using evidence-based practice (EBP). Which example best
demonstrates EBP?
A. Following unit tradition for wound care.
B. Using the newest journal article and clinical guidelines plus clinical expertise
when deciding on care.
,C. Always relying on what the most senior nurse says.
D. Searching only for textbooks published more than 10 years ago.
Answer: B
Rationale: EBP integrates best research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient
preferences. Tradition or seniority alone are not EBP.
4. Select all that apply: Which activities are within the responsibility of a
registered nurse when delegating tasks to nursing assistants? (Select all that
apply)
A. Assessing the patient’s needs and determining whether delegation is
appropriate.
B. Delegating the task without ensuring the assistant’s competency.
C. Providing clear instructions and expected outcomes.
D. Supervising and evaluating the outcome of the delegated task.
E. Delegating medication administration requiring clinical judgment.
Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: RNs must assess, delegate appropriately, give clear instructions, and
supervise/evaluate. Delegating without ensuring competency is unsafe. Medication
administration requiring judgment is typically not delegable to unlicensed
assistants.
5. A nurse documents care incompletely. The primary risk is:
A. Increasing the patient’s length of stay.
B. Creating a legal vulnerability for the nurse and facility.
C. Automatically causing medication errors.
D. Causing immediate harm to the patient.
Answer: B
Rationale: Incomplete documentation creates legal risk because the record is the
primary evidence of care. It may contribute indirectly to poor continuity but does
not automatically cause a medication error or immediate harm.
6.: A nurse in a busy med-surg unit is asked to float to the telemetry unit for
the shift. The nurse has basic telemetry experience but limited recent
exposure. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Accept the assignment and manage as best as possible.
B. Refuse and request to remain on med-surg.
C. Inform the charge nurse of competency limits and request orientation or
assistance.
D. Work on both units simultaneously.
,Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should inform leadership about competency limits and
request orientation/assistance. Patient safety and accountability require the nurse to
seek support rather than accept an assignment beyond competence or refuse
outright without discussing alternatives.
7. Which item best identifies a professional boundary violation?
A. Providing a patient with educational materials.
B. Accepting a small, inexpensive gift that the patient insists will be given.
C. Exchanging personal contact information with a patient for social connection
after discharge.
D. Discussing a patient’s progress with the healthcare team during rounds.
Answer: C
Rationale: Exchanging personal contact information for social reasons crosses
professional boundaries. Accepting modest gifts may be appropriate in some
settings if policy allows; education and team discussions are professional acts.
8. The nurse manager wants to measure staff adherence to hand hygiene
policy. Which quality improvement approach is most appropriate?
A. Implement random audits, give feedback, and use Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles.
B. Suspend staff who fail once.
C. Post the policy without monitoring.
D. Change the policy monthly.
Answer: A
Rationale: QI uses measurement (audits), feedback, and iterative improvement
cycles like PDSA. Suspension for a single failure is punitive and not QI-focused.
9.: Which statements accurately describe delegation? (Select all that apply)
A. Delegation eliminates the delegator’s responsibility for the task.
B. Delegation is transferring authority while retaining accountability.
C. Delegation decisions should consider patient condition and staff competency.
D. Delegation is appropriate for tasks requiring nursing judgment.
Answer: B, C
Rationale: Delegation transfers authority but the delegating nurse remains
accountable. It requires consideration of patient condition and staff competency.
Tasks needing nursing judgment usually cannot be delegated.
, 10. A nurse accepts a research grant to study pressure ulcer prevention.
Which step is required before beginning the study?
A. Publish the protocol immediately.
B. Obtain Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval.
C. Begin recruitment of staff participants.
D. Share patient identifiers with the research team without consent.
Answer: B
Rationale: Research involving human subjects requires IRB approval to ensure
ethical protections. Publishing and recruitment occur after approval; sharing
identifiers without consent violates privacy.
11.: A medication order reads: Morphine 0.05 mg/kg IV PRN for severe pain.
The patient weighs 176 lb. How many milligrams should be given per dose?
(Round to two decimal places.)
Working: Convert lb to kg: 176 ÷ 2.2 = 80 kg. Dose = 0.05 mg/kg × 80 kg = 4 mg.
Answer: 4.00 mg
Rationale: Correct conversion and multiplication yield 4 mg.
12. Which action best demonstrates cultural competence?
A. Expecting all patients to follow the same dietary plan.
B. Asking about cultural preferences and incorporating them into the plan when
safe.
C. Avoiding discussion of cultural beliefs to prevent offense.
D. Insisting that family members not be present during procedures.
Answer: B
Rationale: Cultural competence involves eliciting and respecting cultural
preferences and integrating them into care when safe.
13. A nurse is using an evidence summary about catheter-associated urinary
tract infection (CAUTI) prevention. The strongest evidence comes from which
type of study?
A. Case report.
B. Randomized controlled trial (RCT) and systematic review of RCTs.
C. Expert opinion.
D. Editorial.
Answer: B
Rationale: RCTs and systematic reviews/meta-analyses are high-level evidence
for interventions.
EDITION BY POTTER, PERRY, STOCKERT, HALL,
OSTENDORF. LATEST EDITION|| ALL CHAPTERS
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS| LATEST| 2025/2026
Chapter 1 — Nursing: Profession, Roles, and Standards
1. A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a newly licensed nurse about the
scope of professional nursing practice. Which statement best describes the
primary focus of professional nursing?
A. Diagnosing and prescribing treatment for common conditions.
B. Caring for the person, family, and community to achieve optimal health and
functioning.
C. Providing clerical support for the healthcare team.
D. Supervising all ancillary staff and delegating all clinical tasks.
Answer: B
Rationale: Professional nursing centers on care of individuals, families, and
communities to promote, maintain, and restore health. Diagnosis and prescribing
are outside typical RN scope in most jurisdictions. Clerical support and delegation
are components of nursing work but not the primary focus.
2. Which action is most consistent with the nursing code of ethics?
A. Reporting a colleague for suspected substance abuse to the appropriate
authority.
B. Sharing a patient’s personal health information with family without consent.
C. Refusing to care for an assigned patient due to busy schedule.
D. Accepting a gift of cash from a grateful patient.
Answer: A
Rationale: Reporting impaired colleagues protects patient safety and aligns with
ethical duties. Sharing PHI without consent violates confidentiality. Refusing
assignment without appropriate reason may be abandonment. Accepting cash gifts
can create conflict of interest.
3. A nurse practices using evidence-based practice (EBP). Which example best
demonstrates EBP?
A. Following unit tradition for wound care.
B. Using the newest journal article and clinical guidelines plus clinical expertise
when deciding on care.
,C. Always relying on what the most senior nurse says.
D. Searching only for textbooks published more than 10 years ago.
Answer: B
Rationale: EBP integrates best research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient
preferences. Tradition or seniority alone are not EBP.
4. Select all that apply: Which activities are within the responsibility of a
registered nurse when delegating tasks to nursing assistants? (Select all that
apply)
A. Assessing the patient’s needs and determining whether delegation is
appropriate.
B. Delegating the task without ensuring the assistant’s competency.
C. Providing clear instructions and expected outcomes.
D. Supervising and evaluating the outcome of the delegated task.
E. Delegating medication administration requiring clinical judgment.
Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: RNs must assess, delegate appropriately, give clear instructions, and
supervise/evaluate. Delegating without ensuring competency is unsafe. Medication
administration requiring judgment is typically not delegable to unlicensed
assistants.
5. A nurse documents care incompletely. The primary risk is:
A. Increasing the patient’s length of stay.
B. Creating a legal vulnerability for the nurse and facility.
C. Automatically causing medication errors.
D. Causing immediate harm to the patient.
Answer: B
Rationale: Incomplete documentation creates legal risk because the record is the
primary evidence of care. It may contribute indirectly to poor continuity but does
not automatically cause a medication error or immediate harm.
6.: A nurse in a busy med-surg unit is asked to float to the telemetry unit for
the shift. The nurse has basic telemetry experience but limited recent
exposure. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Accept the assignment and manage as best as possible.
B. Refuse and request to remain on med-surg.
C. Inform the charge nurse of competency limits and request orientation or
assistance.
D. Work on both units simultaneously.
,Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should inform leadership about competency limits and
request orientation/assistance. Patient safety and accountability require the nurse to
seek support rather than accept an assignment beyond competence or refuse
outright without discussing alternatives.
7. Which item best identifies a professional boundary violation?
A. Providing a patient with educational materials.
B. Accepting a small, inexpensive gift that the patient insists will be given.
C. Exchanging personal contact information with a patient for social connection
after discharge.
D. Discussing a patient’s progress with the healthcare team during rounds.
Answer: C
Rationale: Exchanging personal contact information for social reasons crosses
professional boundaries. Accepting modest gifts may be appropriate in some
settings if policy allows; education and team discussions are professional acts.
8. The nurse manager wants to measure staff adherence to hand hygiene
policy. Which quality improvement approach is most appropriate?
A. Implement random audits, give feedback, and use Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles.
B. Suspend staff who fail once.
C. Post the policy without monitoring.
D. Change the policy monthly.
Answer: A
Rationale: QI uses measurement (audits), feedback, and iterative improvement
cycles like PDSA. Suspension for a single failure is punitive and not QI-focused.
9.: Which statements accurately describe delegation? (Select all that apply)
A. Delegation eliminates the delegator’s responsibility for the task.
B. Delegation is transferring authority while retaining accountability.
C. Delegation decisions should consider patient condition and staff competency.
D. Delegation is appropriate for tasks requiring nursing judgment.
Answer: B, C
Rationale: Delegation transfers authority but the delegating nurse remains
accountable. It requires consideration of patient condition and staff competency.
Tasks needing nursing judgment usually cannot be delegated.
, 10. A nurse accepts a research grant to study pressure ulcer prevention.
Which step is required before beginning the study?
A. Publish the protocol immediately.
B. Obtain Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval.
C. Begin recruitment of staff participants.
D. Share patient identifiers with the research team without consent.
Answer: B
Rationale: Research involving human subjects requires IRB approval to ensure
ethical protections. Publishing and recruitment occur after approval; sharing
identifiers without consent violates privacy.
11.: A medication order reads: Morphine 0.05 mg/kg IV PRN for severe pain.
The patient weighs 176 lb. How many milligrams should be given per dose?
(Round to two decimal places.)
Working: Convert lb to kg: 176 ÷ 2.2 = 80 kg. Dose = 0.05 mg/kg × 80 kg = 4 mg.
Answer: 4.00 mg
Rationale: Correct conversion and multiplication yield 4 mg.
12. Which action best demonstrates cultural competence?
A. Expecting all patients to follow the same dietary plan.
B. Asking about cultural preferences and incorporating them into the plan when
safe.
C. Avoiding discussion of cultural beliefs to prevent offense.
D. Insisting that family members not be present during procedures.
Answer: B
Rationale: Cultural competence involves eliciting and respecting cultural
preferences and integrating them into care when safe.
13. A nurse is using an evidence summary about catheter-associated urinary
tract infection (CAUTI) prevention. The strongest evidence comes from which
type of study?
A. Case report.
B. Randomized controlled trial (RCT) and systematic review of RCTs.
C. Expert opinion.
D. Editorial.
Answer: B
Rationale: RCTs and systematic reviews/meta-analyses are high-level evidence
for interventions.
