NURS611 | NURS 611 EXAM 4 |
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
EXAM 4 | QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS | RATED A+ |
MARYVILLE
DOMAIN 1: RENAL PHYSIOLOGY & FUNCTION
Question 1
How much of the cardiac output do the kidneys require?
A) 5-10%
B) 10-15%
C) 20-25%
D) 30-35%
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: The kidneys receive approximately 20-25% of the cardiac
output, which is essential for their role in filtering blood, regulating fluid
balance, and maintaining electrolyte homeostasis.
,Question 2
What causes the umbilical referred pain with kidney stones?
A) Inflammation of the renal capsule
B) Obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction
C) Distension of the renal pelvis and ureter
D) Irritation of the bladder wall
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: Referred pain to the umbilicus with kidney stones occurs due
to distension of the renal pelvis and ureter, which shares embryonic
innervation with the umbilical region.
Question 3
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A) Glomerulus
B) Nephron
C) Renal corpuscle
D) Loop of Henle
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, responsible
for filtering blood, reabsorbing essential substances, and excreting waste
products.
,Question 4
Which structure in the nephron is responsible for the concentration of
urine?
A) Proximal convoluted tubule
B) Loop of Henle
C) Distal convoluted tubule
D) Collecting duct
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: The Loop of Henle creates the concentration gradient in the
renal medulla, which is essential for the kidney's ability to concentrate
urine.
Question 5
What is the normal range for Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?
A) 50-80 mL/min
B) 90-120 mL/min
C) 125-150 mL/min
D) 160-200 mL/min
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: B
, Rationale: Normal GFR is approximately 90-120 mL/min/1.73m². A
GFR below 60 mL/min for three months or more indicates chronic
kidney disease.
Question 6
Which laboratory value is used as a marker of glomerular filtration?
A) BUN
B) Creatinine clearance
C) Serum albumin
D) Urine osmolality
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: Creatinine clearance is the most accurate measure of GFR, as
creatinine is freely filtered by the glomerulus and not significantly
reabsorbed.
Question 7
What is the primary function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
A) Filter blood
B) Regulate blood pressure and GFR
C) Reabsorb glucose
D) Secrete erythropoietin
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: B
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
EXAM 4 | QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS | RATED A+ |
MARYVILLE
DOMAIN 1: RENAL PHYSIOLOGY & FUNCTION
Question 1
How much of the cardiac output do the kidneys require?
A) 5-10%
B) 10-15%
C) 20-25%
D) 30-35%
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: The kidneys receive approximately 20-25% of the cardiac
output, which is essential for their role in filtering blood, regulating fluid
balance, and maintaining electrolyte homeostasis.
,Question 2
What causes the umbilical referred pain with kidney stones?
A) Inflammation of the renal capsule
B) Obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction
C) Distension of the renal pelvis and ureter
D) Irritation of the bladder wall
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: Referred pain to the umbilicus with kidney stones occurs due
to distension of the renal pelvis and ureter, which shares embryonic
innervation with the umbilical region.
Question 3
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A) Glomerulus
B) Nephron
C) Renal corpuscle
D) Loop of Henle
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, responsible
for filtering blood, reabsorbing essential substances, and excreting waste
products.
,Question 4
Which structure in the nephron is responsible for the concentration of
urine?
A) Proximal convoluted tubule
B) Loop of Henle
C) Distal convoluted tubule
D) Collecting duct
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: The Loop of Henle creates the concentration gradient in the
renal medulla, which is essential for the kidney's ability to concentrate
urine.
Question 5
What is the normal range for Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?
A) 50-80 mL/min
B) 90-120 mL/min
C) 125-150 mL/min
D) 160-200 mL/min
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: B
, Rationale: Normal GFR is approximately 90-120 mL/min/1.73m². A
GFR below 60 mL/min for three months or more indicates chronic
kidney disease.
Question 6
Which laboratory value is used as a marker of glomerular filtration?
A) BUN
B) Creatinine clearance
C) Serum albumin
D) Urine osmolality
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: Creatinine clearance is the most accurate measure of GFR, as
creatinine is freely filtered by the glomerulus and not significantly
reabsorbed.
Question 7
What is the primary function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
A) Filter blood
B) Regulate blood pressure and GFR
C) Reabsorb glucose
D) Secrete erythropoietin
Correct ,,,,answer,,,: B
