NUR631 / NUR 631 Midterm & Final
Exams | Advanced Physiology and
Pathophysiology Exams | Questions and
Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade
A | Grand Canyon University (GCU) |
Latest Update
DOMAIN 1: CELLULAR FUNCTION & ADAPTATION
Question 1
A 45-year-old client is diagnosed with chronic anemia. Which cellular
adaptation is most likely occurring in response to decreased oxygen
delivery?
A) Hyperplasia
B) Hypertrophy
C) Atrophy
D) Metaplasia
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: B
Rationale: Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size in response to
increased workload or demand. Chronic anemia leads to decreased
oxygen delivery, causing cardiac myocytes to hypertrophy to
compensate for increased workload. Hyperplasia is increased cell
,number; atrophy is decreased cell size; metaplasia is replacement of one
cell type with another.
Question 2
Removal of part of the liver leads to the remaining liver cells undergoing
which type of cellular adaptation?
A) Compensatory hypertrophy
B) Compensatory hyperplasia
C) Metaplasia
D) Dysplasia
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: B
Rationale: Compensatory hyperplasia is an adaptive mechanism that
enables certain organs to regenerate. The removal of part of the liver
leads to hyperplasia of the remaining hepatocytes to compensate for the
loss.
Question 3
The mammary glands enlarge during pregnancy primarily as a
consequence of what type of hormonal event?
A) Metaplasia
B) Atrophy
,C) Hormonal hyperplasia
D) Dysplasia
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Hormonal hyperplasia occurs when cells proliferate in
response to hormonal stimulation, such as the enlargement of mammary
glands during pregnancy.
Question 4
Reversible replacement of one mature cell type by another (e.g.,
epithelium changes in smokers) is called:
A) Hyperplasia
B) Hypertrophy
C) Metaplasia
D) Dysplasia
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Metaplasia is the reversible replacement of one differentiated
cell type with another mature cell type, often in response to chronic
irritation or inflammation, such as in the bronchial epithelium of
smokers.
Question 5
, Abnormal changes in the size, shape, and organization of mature cells
that can lead to cervical cancer are called:
A) Metaplasia
B) Hyperplasia
C) Dysplasia
D) Hypertrophy
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Dysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the size, shape, and
organization of mature cells. It is considered a pre-cancerous condition
and can be seen in cervical dysplasia.
Question 6
Where do we hold DNA inside the cell?
A) Mitochondria
B) Nucleus
C) Cytoplasm
D) Ribosomes
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: B
Rationale: The nucleus contains the cell's DNA, which directs cellular
activities and contains the genetic information for protein synthesis.
Question 7
Exams | Advanced Physiology and
Pathophysiology Exams | Questions and
Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade
A | Grand Canyon University (GCU) |
Latest Update
DOMAIN 1: CELLULAR FUNCTION & ADAPTATION
Question 1
A 45-year-old client is diagnosed with chronic anemia. Which cellular
adaptation is most likely occurring in response to decreased oxygen
delivery?
A) Hyperplasia
B) Hypertrophy
C) Atrophy
D) Metaplasia
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: B
Rationale: Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size in response to
increased workload or demand. Chronic anemia leads to decreased
oxygen delivery, causing cardiac myocytes to hypertrophy to
compensate for increased workload. Hyperplasia is increased cell
,number; atrophy is decreased cell size; metaplasia is replacement of one
cell type with another.
Question 2
Removal of part of the liver leads to the remaining liver cells undergoing
which type of cellular adaptation?
A) Compensatory hypertrophy
B) Compensatory hyperplasia
C) Metaplasia
D) Dysplasia
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: B
Rationale: Compensatory hyperplasia is an adaptive mechanism that
enables certain organs to regenerate. The removal of part of the liver
leads to hyperplasia of the remaining hepatocytes to compensate for the
loss.
Question 3
The mammary glands enlarge during pregnancy primarily as a
consequence of what type of hormonal event?
A) Metaplasia
B) Atrophy
,C) Hormonal hyperplasia
D) Dysplasia
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Hormonal hyperplasia occurs when cells proliferate in
response to hormonal stimulation, such as the enlargement of mammary
glands during pregnancy.
Question 4
Reversible replacement of one mature cell type by another (e.g.,
epithelium changes in smokers) is called:
A) Hyperplasia
B) Hypertrophy
C) Metaplasia
D) Dysplasia
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Metaplasia is the reversible replacement of one differentiated
cell type with another mature cell type, often in response to chronic
irritation or inflammation, such as in the bronchial epithelium of
smokers.
Question 5
, Abnormal changes in the size, shape, and organization of mature cells
that can lead to cervical cancer are called:
A) Metaplasia
B) Hyperplasia
C) Dysplasia
D) Hypertrophy
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: C
Rationale: Dysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the size, shape, and
organization of mature cells. It is considered a pre-cancerous condition
and can be seen in cervical dysplasia.
Question 6
Where do we hold DNA inside the cell?
A) Mitochondria
B) Nucleus
C) Cytoplasm
D) Ribosomes
Correct ,,,,,,,,answer,,,,,,: B
Rationale: The nucleus contains the cell's DNA, which directs cellular
activities and contains the genetic information for protein synthesis.
Question 7
