Hondros Nur 212 Exam 2 questions and answers
2026\2027 A+ Grade
Normal creatinine levels?
- correct answer Male: 0.6-1.2
Female: 0.5-1.1
Normal GFR?
- correct answer 90-120ml/min
At which GFR level does dialysis begin?
- correct answer 15
S/S of acute glomerulonephritis?
- correct answer Headache, increased BP, facial edema, malaise, low grade fever, weight fain,
proteinuria, hematuria, and oliguria
S/S of chronic glomerulonephritis?
- correct answer Proteinuria and hematuria
Lab findings for glomerulonephritis?
- correct answer Increased BUN, CR
Decreased albuminin
Common s\e of hemodialysis?
- correct answer Hypotension due to all of the blood and fluids leaving the body
Nephrotic syndrome s\s
- correct answer SEVERE proteinuria
,MASSIVE edema
Hypertension, foamy urine, anasarca, ascites
Why might medication doses be decreased for a patient with kidney issues?
- correct answer Due to medications not being excreted through kidneys
Prerenal causes
- correct answer Due to decreased blood flow to kidneys
Cardiovascular disorders, hypovolemia, peripheral vasodilation, renal vascular obstructions, severe
vasoconstriction
Intrarenal causes
- correct answer Due to damage to the gumeruli, interstitial tissue or tubules (parynchymal damage)
Acute tubular necrosis, exposure to nephrotoxins, acute GNP, SLE, obstetric complications, and
malignant hypertension
Post renal causes
- correct answer Obstruction to the urine collecting system
BPH
Phases of AKI
- correct answer Oliguric
Diuretic
Recovery (if not then CKD may develop)
Oliguric Phase
- correct answer Urinary changes (output less than 400ml/day)
Lasts 10-14 days
Neck veins distended, bounding pulse, edema, hypertension
Increased potassium (causing heart issues!)
, Diuretic Phase
- correct answer Daily urine output 1-3 liters may reach 5L or more
Monitor for hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and dehydration as well as hypotension
This phase may last 1-3 weeks
Why would calcium gluconate be given to a patient with AKI?
- correct answer Due to hyperkalemia, calcium gluconate raises the threshold at which dysrhythmias
occur therefor protecting the heart
Nursing interventions for almost all kidney patients
- correct answer Fluid restriction
Daily weights
If there is abdominal pain during hemodialysis what should the nurse do?
- correct answer Decrease the flow rate
What is given to excrete potassium?
- correct answer Kayexelate
What is an important thing to remember for the process of peritoneal dialysis?
- correct answer It must be completely STERILE
What is a major complication from peritoneal dialysis?
- correct answer Peritonitis
If patient begins to have pain or cramping during peritoneal dialysis what should the nurse do?
- correct answer Slow down the infusion rate
At what temperature is peritoneal dialysis given?
- correct answer Must be warmed to body temperature
What medication can cause an IBS flare up?
- correct answer Sulfasalazine (anti-inflammatory medication)
2026\2027 A+ Grade
Normal creatinine levels?
- correct answer Male: 0.6-1.2
Female: 0.5-1.1
Normal GFR?
- correct answer 90-120ml/min
At which GFR level does dialysis begin?
- correct answer 15
S/S of acute glomerulonephritis?
- correct answer Headache, increased BP, facial edema, malaise, low grade fever, weight fain,
proteinuria, hematuria, and oliguria
S/S of chronic glomerulonephritis?
- correct answer Proteinuria and hematuria
Lab findings for glomerulonephritis?
- correct answer Increased BUN, CR
Decreased albuminin
Common s\e of hemodialysis?
- correct answer Hypotension due to all of the blood and fluids leaving the body
Nephrotic syndrome s\s
- correct answer SEVERE proteinuria
,MASSIVE edema
Hypertension, foamy urine, anasarca, ascites
Why might medication doses be decreased for a patient with kidney issues?
- correct answer Due to medications not being excreted through kidneys
Prerenal causes
- correct answer Due to decreased blood flow to kidneys
Cardiovascular disorders, hypovolemia, peripheral vasodilation, renal vascular obstructions, severe
vasoconstriction
Intrarenal causes
- correct answer Due to damage to the gumeruli, interstitial tissue or tubules (parynchymal damage)
Acute tubular necrosis, exposure to nephrotoxins, acute GNP, SLE, obstetric complications, and
malignant hypertension
Post renal causes
- correct answer Obstruction to the urine collecting system
BPH
Phases of AKI
- correct answer Oliguric
Diuretic
Recovery (if not then CKD may develop)
Oliguric Phase
- correct answer Urinary changes (output less than 400ml/day)
Lasts 10-14 days
Neck veins distended, bounding pulse, edema, hypertension
Increased potassium (causing heart issues!)
, Diuretic Phase
- correct answer Daily urine output 1-3 liters may reach 5L or more
Monitor for hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and dehydration as well as hypotension
This phase may last 1-3 weeks
Why would calcium gluconate be given to a patient with AKI?
- correct answer Due to hyperkalemia, calcium gluconate raises the threshold at which dysrhythmias
occur therefor protecting the heart
Nursing interventions for almost all kidney patients
- correct answer Fluid restriction
Daily weights
If there is abdominal pain during hemodialysis what should the nurse do?
- correct answer Decrease the flow rate
What is given to excrete potassium?
- correct answer Kayexelate
What is an important thing to remember for the process of peritoneal dialysis?
- correct answer It must be completely STERILE
What is a major complication from peritoneal dialysis?
- correct answer Peritonitis
If patient begins to have pain or cramping during peritoneal dialysis what should the nurse do?
- correct answer Slow down the infusion rate
At what temperature is peritoneal dialysis given?
- correct answer Must be warmed to body temperature
What medication can cause an IBS flare up?
- correct answer Sulfasalazine (anti-inflammatory medication)
