ATI - The Cardiovascular System Exam
2026 Question and Answer | 100% Verified
Answers | A+ Verified
• cardiovascular system -✓✓-ALSO called the circulatory system
-made up of the heart, blood vessels, the blood, and lymphatic system.
-waste removal, nutrient distribution, communication, protection.
• heart -✓✓-composed of cardiac muscle tissue
-4 muscular chambers of heart: right and left atria and the right and left
ventricles
-regulates blood flow through a double-loop system, pumping
oxygenated blood to body tissue and deoxygenated blood to the lungs
• atria -✓✓-2 of them; left and right
-chambers of the heart that receive blood returning to the heart from
other areas of the body
• ventricles -✓✓-chambers of the heart that collect and expel blood
from the heart
-2 of them; left and right
• atrioventricular valves -✓✓valves that separate the atria and ventricles
in the heart
• tricuspid valve -✓✓separates the right atrium and right ventricle
• mitral valve (bicuspid) -✓✓-ALSO called bicuspid
-separates left atrium and left ventricle
• types of blood vessels -✓✓1. arteries
2. capillaries
3. veins
, • arteries -✓✓strong, elastic vessels adapted to the high pressure of
blood as it leaves the heart
• arterioles -✓✓-smaller branches of arteries
-supply blood to the capillaries
• capillaries -✓✓-smallest blood vessels
-consist of only a single layer of epithelial tissue, which allows
substances and gases to be exchanged b/t the blood and the cells of
tissues via diffusion
-receive blood from the arterioles and return it to the venules
• aorta -✓✓-largest artery in the body!
-the artery that carries blood pumped from the LEFT ventricle of the
heart into systemic circulation
• diffusion -✓✓-process by which substances and gases are exchanged
across a membrane; in this case, blood and veins
-substances tend to diffuse from areas of high concentration to areas of
low concentration
• venules -✓✓-blood returns to the heart from the capillaries via
venules, which merge to form veins
-vessels that receive blood from capillaries
• veins -✓✓-walls of veins are thinner than those of arteries b/c veins do
not have to carry blood under high pressure
-contain valves to prevent the back flow of blood
-vessels that return blood to the heart
• inferior vena cava -✓✓-largest vein in the body!
-brings deoxygenated blood back to the heart
2026 Question and Answer | 100% Verified
Answers | A+ Verified
• cardiovascular system -✓✓-ALSO called the circulatory system
-made up of the heart, blood vessels, the blood, and lymphatic system.
-waste removal, nutrient distribution, communication, protection.
• heart -✓✓-composed of cardiac muscle tissue
-4 muscular chambers of heart: right and left atria and the right and left
ventricles
-regulates blood flow through a double-loop system, pumping
oxygenated blood to body tissue and deoxygenated blood to the lungs
• atria -✓✓-2 of them; left and right
-chambers of the heart that receive blood returning to the heart from
other areas of the body
• ventricles -✓✓-chambers of the heart that collect and expel blood
from the heart
-2 of them; left and right
• atrioventricular valves -✓✓valves that separate the atria and ventricles
in the heart
• tricuspid valve -✓✓separates the right atrium and right ventricle
• mitral valve (bicuspid) -✓✓-ALSO called bicuspid
-separates left atrium and left ventricle
• types of blood vessels -✓✓1. arteries
2. capillaries
3. veins
, • arteries -✓✓strong, elastic vessels adapted to the high pressure of
blood as it leaves the heart
• arterioles -✓✓-smaller branches of arteries
-supply blood to the capillaries
• capillaries -✓✓-smallest blood vessels
-consist of only a single layer of epithelial tissue, which allows
substances and gases to be exchanged b/t the blood and the cells of
tissues via diffusion
-receive blood from the arterioles and return it to the venules
• aorta -✓✓-largest artery in the body!
-the artery that carries blood pumped from the LEFT ventricle of the
heart into systemic circulation
• diffusion -✓✓-process by which substances and gases are exchanged
across a membrane; in this case, blood and veins
-substances tend to diffuse from areas of high concentration to areas of
low concentration
• venules -✓✓-blood returns to the heart from the capillaries via
venules, which merge to form veins
-vessels that receive blood from capillaries
• veins -✓✓-walls of veins are thinner than those of arteries b/c veins do
not have to carry blood under high pressure
-contain valves to prevent the back flow of blood
-vessels that return blood to the heart
• inferior vena cava -✓✓-largest vein in the body!
-brings deoxygenated blood back to the heart
