BASIC CARE & COMFORT MODULE 7
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS –
WESTERN GOVERNORS UNIVERSITY
GRADED A+
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Diverticulitis has been diagnosed in a client who has been experiencing episodes of
gastrointestinal cramping. The nurse should tell the client to maintain which type of diet,
during the asymptomatic period?
A: Low in fat
B: High in fiber
C: Low in residue
D: High in carbs. ANSWER - B: high in fiber
(Pt asymptomatic, soft high-fiber diet containing fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are
recommended. Instruct to consume small amount of bran daily, take stool softener, and
increase fluid intake to 2500-3000mL daily.)
A client with renal calculi is instructed to follow an alkaline ash diet. Which menu choice by
the client indicates to the nurse that the client understands the prescribed regimen?
A: chicken, potatoes, cranberries
B: spinach salad, milk, and a banana
C: linguini with shrimp, tossed salad, and a plum
D: peanut butter sandwich, milk, prunes. ANSWER - B: spinach salad, milk, and a banana
(In an alkaline ash diet, all fruits are allowed except cranberries, prunes, and plums. The
right option is the answer without these fruits.
,A client who has sustained multiple fractures of the left leg is in skeletal traction. The nurse
has obtained an overhead trapeze to improve the client's bed mobility. To which high-risk
area must the nurse pay particular attention during assessment for indications of pressure
and skin breakdown?
A: back of head
B: right heel
C: scapulae
D: left heel. ANSWER - B: right heel
(Concerning areas are elbows and the heels on the unaffected side, which are used to
reposition the client. Others include: ischial tuberosity, popliteal space, and Achilles tendon.)
A client with a urinary tract infection has been started on nitrofurantoin, a urinary
antiseptic medication, and is taught about the foods that will maintain the urinary pH in the
acid range. Which food does the nurse tell the client to eliminate from the diet while taking
this medication?
A: cranberries
B: rhubarb
C: oranges
D: prunes. ANSWER - B: rhubarb
(While on nitrofurantoin, the urinary pH must be maintained in the acidic range, and the
client needs instruction to consume an acid ash diet. Rhubarb decreases acidity of the urine
and should be avoided. The other options are acceptable.)
A client with liver cancer who is undergoing chemotherapy tells the nurse that some foods
on the meal tray taste bitter. Which food does the nurse suggest that the client eliminate
from the diet, knowing that it is most likely to taste bitter to the client?
A: custard
B: beef
, C: cantaloupe
D: potatoes. ANSWER - B: beef
(Chemotherapy may distort how certain foods taste. Beef and pork are often reported by
people undergoing chem to taste metallic.)
A nurse is instructing a client in the first trimester of pregnancy about nutrition. Which
statement by the client indicates the need for further instruction?
A: "My risk for malnourishment is much higher while I'm pregnant."
B: "How I eat can affect my baby's growth."
C: "I need to take vitamins throughout my pregnancy."
D: "I need to eat foods high in calcium.". ANSWER - A: "My risk for malnourishment is
much higher while I'm pregnant."
(Rationale: Although pregnancy poses some nutritional risk for the mother, the client is not
at risk of becoming malnourished. Calcium intake is critical during the third trimester, but
calcium intake must be increased from the start of pregnancy. Adequate nutrition during
pregnancy significantly and positively influences fetal growth and development. Intake of
dietary iron and vitamins is insufficient for the majority of pregnant women, and the use of
iron and vitamin supplements is routinely encouraged)
A nurse instructs a client at risk for hypokalemia about the foods high in potassium that
should be included in the daily diet. Which menu selection, cited by the client as a good
source of potassium, indicates to the nurse that the client needs further instruction?
A: Beef
B: Raisins
C: Eggs
D: Pork. ANSWER - C: Eggs
(Rationale: One large egg provides 66 mg of potassium. A half-cup (114 gm) of raisins
contains 700 mg of potassium. Four ounces (113 gm) of beef contains 420 mg of potassium,
and 4 oz of pork (113 gm) contains 525 mg.Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS –
WESTERN GOVERNORS UNIVERSITY
GRADED A+
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Diverticulitis has been diagnosed in a client who has been experiencing episodes of
gastrointestinal cramping. The nurse should tell the client to maintain which type of diet,
during the asymptomatic period?
A: Low in fat
B: High in fiber
C: Low in residue
D: High in carbs. ANSWER - B: high in fiber
(Pt asymptomatic, soft high-fiber diet containing fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are
recommended. Instruct to consume small amount of bran daily, take stool softener, and
increase fluid intake to 2500-3000mL daily.)
A client with renal calculi is instructed to follow an alkaline ash diet. Which menu choice by
the client indicates to the nurse that the client understands the prescribed regimen?
A: chicken, potatoes, cranberries
B: spinach salad, milk, and a banana
C: linguini with shrimp, tossed salad, and a plum
D: peanut butter sandwich, milk, prunes. ANSWER - B: spinach salad, milk, and a banana
(In an alkaline ash diet, all fruits are allowed except cranberries, prunes, and plums. The
right option is the answer without these fruits.
,A client who has sustained multiple fractures of the left leg is in skeletal traction. The nurse
has obtained an overhead trapeze to improve the client's bed mobility. To which high-risk
area must the nurse pay particular attention during assessment for indications of pressure
and skin breakdown?
A: back of head
B: right heel
C: scapulae
D: left heel. ANSWER - B: right heel
(Concerning areas are elbows and the heels on the unaffected side, which are used to
reposition the client. Others include: ischial tuberosity, popliteal space, and Achilles tendon.)
A client with a urinary tract infection has been started on nitrofurantoin, a urinary
antiseptic medication, and is taught about the foods that will maintain the urinary pH in the
acid range. Which food does the nurse tell the client to eliminate from the diet while taking
this medication?
A: cranberries
B: rhubarb
C: oranges
D: prunes. ANSWER - B: rhubarb
(While on nitrofurantoin, the urinary pH must be maintained in the acidic range, and the
client needs instruction to consume an acid ash diet. Rhubarb decreases acidity of the urine
and should be avoided. The other options are acceptable.)
A client with liver cancer who is undergoing chemotherapy tells the nurse that some foods
on the meal tray taste bitter. Which food does the nurse suggest that the client eliminate
from the diet, knowing that it is most likely to taste bitter to the client?
A: custard
B: beef
, C: cantaloupe
D: potatoes. ANSWER - B: beef
(Chemotherapy may distort how certain foods taste. Beef and pork are often reported by
people undergoing chem to taste metallic.)
A nurse is instructing a client in the first trimester of pregnancy about nutrition. Which
statement by the client indicates the need for further instruction?
A: "My risk for malnourishment is much higher while I'm pregnant."
B: "How I eat can affect my baby's growth."
C: "I need to take vitamins throughout my pregnancy."
D: "I need to eat foods high in calcium.". ANSWER - A: "My risk for malnourishment is
much higher while I'm pregnant."
(Rationale: Although pregnancy poses some nutritional risk for the mother, the client is not
at risk of becoming malnourished. Calcium intake is critical during the third trimester, but
calcium intake must be increased from the start of pregnancy. Adequate nutrition during
pregnancy significantly and positively influences fetal growth and development. Intake of
dietary iron and vitamins is insufficient for the majority of pregnant women, and the use of
iron and vitamin supplements is routinely encouraged)
A nurse instructs a client at risk for hypokalemia about the foods high in potassium that
should be included in the daily diet. Which menu selection, cited by the client as a good
source of potassium, indicates to the nurse that the client needs further instruction?
A: Beef
B: Raisins
C: Eggs
D: Pork. ANSWER - C: Eggs
(Rationale: One large egg provides 66 mg of potassium. A half-cup (114 gm) of raisins
contains 700 mg of potassium. Four ounces (113 gm) of beef contains 420 mg of potassium,
and 4 oz of pork (113 gm) contains 525 mg.Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words
