BIO 161 EXAM 4 PSU QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS | 100% CORRECT
(GRADED A+) LATEST UPDATED 2026/2027.
The skeletal system is a dynamic system of connective tissue and
represents a balance between bone formation and breakdown (remodeling).
The skeletal system's support function helps maintain posture and provides
structure for muscles and organs.
Its protection role includes shielding vital internal organs
from damage.
For movement, bones serve as anchor points for muscle attachment,
enabling body motion.
The skeletal system contributes to electrolyte and pH balance by storing and
releasing minerals like calcium and phosphate, and buffering blood acidity
with salts.
Bone marrow is responsible for the development of blood cells, playing a key
role in blood cell production.
An example of a flat bone is the scapula.
_____________ shape is carpals - ANSWER✔✔short
_____________ shape is fumur - ANSWER✔✔long
,matrix ground substance = - ANSWER✔✔chondrocytes; collage; non mineralized
and rubbery
_______________ is the lining of medullary cavity - ANSWER✔✔endosteum
endosteum contains _______________ cells - ANSWER✔✔osteogenic
_______________ contains fibrous and osteogenic layers -
ANSWER✔✔periosteum
_______________ coverts joint to reduce friction - ANSWER✔✔articular cartilage
fibrous layer is for _______________ and has _______________ layers -
ANSWER✔✔protection; osteogenic
why does matrix has small spaces? - ANSWER✔✔for vessels and marrow
____________ shape is vertebrae - ANSWER✔✔irregular
For bone, cells
= matrix protein
=
, matrix ground substance = - ANSWER✔✔osteocytes; collagen; mineralized
(hydroxyapatite)
For Cartilage,
cells = matrix
protein =
_______________ is the shaft - ANSWER✔✔diaphysis
why is the majority of the diaphysis compact bone? - ANSWER✔✔to withstand
force
_______________ is end of long bone - ANSWER✔✔epiphysis
_______________ is the site of bone marrow production that is lined in spongy bone
and endosteum - ANSWER✔✔medullary cavity
spongy bone has _______________ spaces and compact bone _______________
spaces - ANSWER✔✔many; very few
spongy bone makes up _______________ - ANSWER✔✔epiphysis
compact bone makes up _______________ of long bones - ANSWER✔✔shaft
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS | 100% CORRECT
(GRADED A+) LATEST UPDATED 2026/2027.
The skeletal system is a dynamic system of connective tissue and
represents a balance between bone formation and breakdown (remodeling).
The skeletal system's support function helps maintain posture and provides
structure for muscles and organs.
Its protection role includes shielding vital internal organs
from damage.
For movement, bones serve as anchor points for muscle attachment,
enabling body motion.
The skeletal system contributes to electrolyte and pH balance by storing and
releasing minerals like calcium and phosphate, and buffering blood acidity
with salts.
Bone marrow is responsible for the development of blood cells, playing a key
role in blood cell production.
An example of a flat bone is the scapula.
_____________ shape is carpals - ANSWER✔✔short
_____________ shape is fumur - ANSWER✔✔long
,matrix ground substance = - ANSWER✔✔chondrocytes; collage; non mineralized
and rubbery
_______________ is the lining of medullary cavity - ANSWER✔✔endosteum
endosteum contains _______________ cells - ANSWER✔✔osteogenic
_______________ contains fibrous and osteogenic layers -
ANSWER✔✔periosteum
_______________ coverts joint to reduce friction - ANSWER✔✔articular cartilage
fibrous layer is for _______________ and has _______________ layers -
ANSWER✔✔protection; osteogenic
why does matrix has small spaces? - ANSWER✔✔for vessels and marrow
____________ shape is vertebrae - ANSWER✔✔irregular
For bone, cells
= matrix protein
=
, matrix ground substance = - ANSWER✔✔osteocytes; collagen; mineralized
(hydroxyapatite)
For Cartilage,
cells = matrix
protein =
_______________ is the shaft - ANSWER✔✔diaphysis
why is the majority of the diaphysis compact bone? - ANSWER✔✔to withstand
force
_______________ is end of long bone - ANSWER✔✔epiphysis
_______________ is the site of bone marrow production that is lined in spongy bone
and endosteum - ANSWER✔✔medullary cavity
spongy bone has _______________ spaces and compact bone _______________
spaces - ANSWER✔✔many; very few
spongy bone makes up _______________ - ANSWER✔✔epiphysis
compact bone makes up _______________ of long bones - ANSWER✔✔shaft
