BKAT ICU POST TEST PRACTICE
EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ E - Bacterial infectionThere are both intra- and extracellular bacteria
present. The abscess should be drained and the animal placed on appropriate
antibiotics.
Answer: A five-year-old boxer is presented for routine vaccinations.The
owner points out a small, smooth mass on the right ear. Fine needle
aspiration cytology is shown below.Which one of the following choices is
the most likely diagnosis?A - HistiocytomaB - LymphomaC - Degranulating
mast cell tumorD - Aural hematomaE - Bacterial infection
◍ E - 80%.
Answer: What is the minimum percentage of spermatozoa that need to be
morphologically normal for the dog to be considered fertile for breeding
purposes?A - 95%B - 65%C - 70%D - 100%E - 80%
◍ D - Diazepam, lidocaine dripSevere chocolate toxicity due to
methylxanthine- treating vtach with lidocaine drip, seizures + hyperactivity
with valium (if not effective, may need to add barbituates. Can induce
emesis with apomorphine up to 8hr, and consider gastric lavage if sedated).
Answer: The night after Valentine's day, a male neutered Schnauzer is
presented with a combination of hyperactivity, urinary accidents, and
diarrhea.On physical exam there is muscle rigidity and chocolate wrappers
visible in the diarrhea. The dog has a seizure on the exam table. An ECG is
shown below.TPR: 103.2F, 184bpm, 40brpmWhich one of the following
choices is the best treatment plan?A - Ipecac, theophylline, digoxinB -
Activated charcoal, sodium sulfate, methocarbamol IVC - Apomorphine,
gastric lavage, Na-bicarbonate IVD - Diazepam, lidocaine dripE -
, Phenobarbital, glycopyrrolate
◍ A - 8 to 12 months As opposed to latex tubes, which start breaking down
after 12wk.
Answer: A silicone gastrostomy tube can typically be used for what period
of time?A - 8 to 12 monthsB - 2 to 4 weeksC - 5 to 8 weeksD - 3 to 7
months
◍ E - Methemoglobinuria (brown urine)Oxidative damage to RBCs causes
Heinz body anemia.
Answer: Which one of the following lab abnormalities is frequently seen
with acetaminophen (Tylenol) toxicity in cats?A - Toxic neutrophilsB -
Thrombocytopenia (low platelets)C - AlkalosisD - Increased red blood cells
(polycythemia)E - Methemoglobinuria (brown urine)
◍ Ascaridia galli.
Answer: There are many worm species that infect birds; the most significant
are the nematodes (or roundworms). The most common is ____, a small
intestinal worm found in chicken, ducks, turkeys and quail.
◍ Pestivirus.
Answer: Border virus is a ____virus
◍ Border disease (aka: hairy shaker disease or fuzzy lamb syndrome).
Answer: This disease causes abortions, mummification, or weak lambs in
sheep.
◍ Dissecting aneurysms.
Answer: Young, rapidly growing turkeys (primarily males from 2-6mo of
age) may be affected with ____ that cause sudden death.
◍ Posterior aorta.
Answer: Dissecting aneurysms can develop anywhere in the vascular system
and can burst, causing fatal internal bleeding in turkeys. ____ is a frequent
site of rupture.
◍ Increasing levels of dietary copper (125-250ppm) and limiting feed intake at
, 4-6 months of age.
Answer: While the exact cause of dissecting aneurysms are not known, what
can be done to help lessen the incidence?
◍ A - Moraxella bovis*Chlamydophila pecorum is the most common cause in
sheep.
Answer: This is a corneal abscess secondary to infectious
keratoconjunctivitis (pinkeye).What is the most commonly recognized
organism that causes pinkeye in cows?A - Moraxella bovisB - Mycoplasma
spp.C - Colesiota conjunctivaeD - Neisseria spp.E - Chlamydophila
pecorum
◍ Neurotropic Velogenic Disease: combines both respiratory and nervous
system signs Viscerotropic Newcastle Disease (aka exotic Newcastle):
respiratory signs, swelling of the head and neck, depression, anorexia and
d+.
Answer: What are the two forms of Newcastle Disease? Describe clinical
signs associated with each
◍ Histomonas meleagridis (aka Blackhead).
Answer: This protozoon causes yellow stool, depression, ruffled feathers
and drooped wings in turkeys.
◍ Struvite and calcium oxalate.
Answer: What are the most common types of urinary stones found in dogs
and cats?
◍ Calcium oxalate(alkalinizing diet for treatment of cystine and urate sones,
acidify for struvite).
Answer: Medical dissolution is possible for most urinary stones except____
◍ E - PancreasAlpha cells producing glucagonBeta cells producing insulin
(60-70% of total islet cells)Delta cells producing somatostatin.
Answer: In which tissue can the islets of Langerhans be found?A - Bone
marrowB - SpleenC - LiverD - ThymusE - Pancreas
◍ Cystine and urate.
, Answer: These stone are radiolucent and not visible on radiographs:
◍ Schnauzer, Lhasa apso, Yorkie, Bichon Frise, Shih Tzu, Miniature poodle.
Answer: These breeds are predisposed to developing calcium oxalate stones:
◍ Bulldogs, Newfoundlands, Dachshunds, Basset hounds, Chihuahuas,
Yorkies.
Answer: These breeds are predisposed to developing cystine stones:
◍ C - Decreases salivation*also decrease airway secretions and increase HR
(many anesthetics promote salivation and bradycardia).
Answer: Why are atropine or glycopyrrolate (anti-cholinergics) often given
as a premedication to dogs and cats before inducing anesthesia with
ketamine or tiletamine (dissociative anesthetics)?A - Slows the heart rateB -
Lowers body temperatureC - Decreases salivationD - Increases airway
secretionsE - Helps keep eyes closed
◍ B - Prednisone*This is a case of lymphoma. The cytology depicts the classic
finding of a population of lymphoid cells that are predominantly
lymphoblasts based on their size and characteristics..
Answer: A 7-year old female Lhasa Apso presents to you for lethargy and
inappetence. On your exam, you detect mandibular lymphadenopathy and
perform a fine needle aspirate. You see the aspirate depicted here. Which of
these treatments would be given to this patient as part of a first line
therapy?A - DoxycyclineB - PrednisoneC - CarboplatinD - MilbemycinE -
Itraconazole
◍ Urate.
Answer: Dalmatians are predisposed to developing ____ stones
◍ C - Hyperthyroidism*Hyperthyroidism rarely occurs in dogs, and you would
expect to see polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia with
hyperadrenocorticism..
Answer: A 6-year old female spayed English Pointer presents for lethargy
and weight gain. The owner notes that the dog is eating and drinking a
normal amount, but the dog is still gaining weight. A physical exam reveals
EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ E - Bacterial infectionThere are both intra- and extracellular bacteria
present. The abscess should be drained and the animal placed on appropriate
antibiotics.
Answer: A five-year-old boxer is presented for routine vaccinations.The
owner points out a small, smooth mass on the right ear. Fine needle
aspiration cytology is shown below.Which one of the following choices is
the most likely diagnosis?A - HistiocytomaB - LymphomaC - Degranulating
mast cell tumorD - Aural hematomaE - Bacterial infection
◍ E - 80%.
Answer: What is the minimum percentage of spermatozoa that need to be
morphologically normal for the dog to be considered fertile for breeding
purposes?A - 95%B - 65%C - 70%D - 100%E - 80%
◍ D - Diazepam, lidocaine dripSevere chocolate toxicity due to
methylxanthine- treating vtach with lidocaine drip, seizures + hyperactivity
with valium (if not effective, may need to add barbituates. Can induce
emesis with apomorphine up to 8hr, and consider gastric lavage if sedated).
Answer: The night after Valentine's day, a male neutered Schnauzer is
presented with a combination of hyperactivity, urinary accidents, and
diarrhea.On physical exam there is muscle rigidity and chocolate wrappers
visible in the diarrhea. The dog has a seizure on the exam table. An ECG is
shown below.TPR: 103.2F, 184bpm, 40brpmWhich one of the following
choices is the best treatment plan?A - Ipecac, theophylline, digoxinB -
Activated charcoal, sodium sulfate, methocarbamol IVC - Apomorphine,
gastric lavage, Na-bicarbonate IVD - Diazepam, lidocaine dripE -
, Phenobarbital, glycopyrrolate
◍ A - 8 to 12 months As opposed to latex tubes, which start breaking down
after 12wk.
Answer: A silicone gastrostomy tube can typically be used for what period
of time?A - 8 to 12 monthsB - 2 to 4 weeksC - 5 to 8 weeksD - 3 to 7
months
◍ E - Methemoglobinuria (brown urine)Oxidative damage to RBCs causes
Heinz body anemia.
Answer: Which one of the following lab abnormalities is frequently seen
with acetaminophen (Tylenol) toxicity in cats?A - Toxic neutrophilsB -
Thrombocytopenia (low platelets)C - AlkalosisD - Increased red blood cells
(polycythemia)E - Methemoglobinuria (brown urine)
◍ Ascaridia galli.
Answer: There are many worm species that infect birds; the most significant
are the nematodes (or roundworms). The most common is ____, a small
intestinal worm found in chicken, ducks, turkeys and quail.
◍ Pestivirus.
Answer: Border virus is a ____virus
◍ Border disease (aka: hairy shaker disease or fuzzy lamb syndrome).
Answer: This disease causes abortions, mummification, or weak lambs in
sheep.
◍ Dissecting aneurysms.
Answer: Young, rapidly growing turkeys (primarily males from 2-6mo of
age) may be affected with ____ that cause sudden death.
◍ Posterior aorta.
Answer: Dissecting aneurysms can develop anywhere in the vascular system
and can burst, causing fatal internal bleeding in turkeys. ____ is a frequent
site of rupture.
◍ Increasing levels of dietary copper (125-250ppm) and limiting feed intake at
, 4-6 months of age.
Answer: While the exact cause of dissecting aneurysms are not known, what
can be done to help lessen the incidence?
◍ A - Moraxella bovis*Chlamydophila pecorum is the most common cause in
sheep.
Answer: This is a corneal abscess secondary to infectious
keratoconjunctivitis (pinkeye).What is the most commonly recognized
organism that causes pinkeye in cows?A - Moraxella bovisB - Mycoplasma
spp.C - Colesiota conjunctivaeD - Neisseria spp.E - Chlamydophila
pecorum
◍ Neurotropic Velogenic Disease: combines both respiratory and nervous
system signs Viscerotropic Newcastle Disease (aka exotic Newcastle):
respiratory signs, swelling of the head and neck, depression, anorexia and
d+.
Answer: What are the two forms of Newcastle Disease? Describe clinical
signs associated with each
◍ Histomonas meleagridis (aka Blackhead).
Answer: This protozoon causes yellow stool, depression, ruffled feathers
and drooped wings in turkeys.
◍ Struvite and calcium oxalate.
Answer: What are the most common types of urinary stones found in dogs
and cats?
◍ Calcium oxalate(alkalinizing diet for treatment of cystine and urate sones,
acidify for struvite).
Answer: Medical dissolution is possible for most urinary stones except____
◍ E - PancreasAlpha cells producing glucagonBeta cells producing insulin
(60-70% of total islet cells)Delta cells producing somatostatin.
Answer: In which tissue can the islets of Langerhans be found?A - Bone
marrowB - SpleenC - LiverD - ThymusE - Pancreas
◍ Cystine and urate.
, Answer: These stone are radiolucent and not visible on radiographs:
◍ Schnauzer, Lhasa apso, Yorkie, Bichon Frise, Shih Tzu, Miniature poodle.
Answer: These breeds are predisposed to developing calcium oxalate stones:
◍ Bulldogs, Newfoundlands, Dachshunds, Basset hounds, Chihuahuas,
Yorkies.
Answer: These breeds are predisposed to developing cystine stones:
◍ C - Decreases salivation*also decrease airway secretions and increase HR
(many anesthetics promote salivation and bradycardia).
Answer: Why are atropine or glycopyrrolate (anti-cholinergics) often given
as a premedication to dogs and cats before inducing anesthesia with
ketamine or tiletamine (dissociative anesthetics)?A - Slows the heart rateB -
Lowers body temperatureC - Decreases salivationD - Increases airway
secretionsE - Helps keep eyes closed
◍ B - Prednisone*This is a case of lymphoma. The cytology depicts the classic
finding of a population of lymphoid cells that are predominantly
lymphoblasts based on their size and characteristics..
Answer: A 7-year old female Lhasa Apso presents to you for lethargy and
inappetence. On your exam, you detect mandibular lymphadenopathy and
perform a fine needle aspirate. You see the aspirate depicted here. Which of
these treatments would be given to this patient as part of a first line
therapy?A - DoxycyclineB - PrednisoneC - CarboplatinD - MilbemycinE -
Itraconazole
◍ Urate.
Answer: Dalmatians are predisposed to developing ____ stones
◍ C - Hyperthyroidism*Hyperthyroidism rarely occurs in dogs, and you would
expect to see polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia with
hyperadrenocorticism..
Answer: A 6-year old female spayed English Pointer presents for lethargy
and weight gain. The owner notes that the dog is eating and drinking a
normal amount, but the dog is still gaining weight. A physical exam reveals
