Human Biology: Bacteria, Viruses, and Infectious Diseases Overview
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_joqb9s
1. What are microbes? Microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and protists.
2. What are pathogens? Disease-causing agents, including bacteria and viruses.
3. What are the three Barriers (skin, mucous membranes), phagocytic white blood cells
main defenses against (WBCs), and acquired defenses.
pathogens?
4. What is the structure of a Single-celled organisms without a nucleus, typically with a cell wall
prokaryotic cell? and plasma membrane.
5. What are the shapes of Coccus (sphere-shaped), bacillus (rod-shaped), and spirillum
bacteria? (curved or spiral-shaped).
6. What is a Gram-positive Bacteria with a thick layer of peptidoglycan in their cell wall that stain
bacterium? purple with Gram stain.
7. What is a Gram-negative Bacteria that stain pink and have an outer membrane with
bacterium? lipopolysaccharides.
8. What is the function of fla- Long, thin appendages that help bacteria move.
gella in bacteria?
9. What are fimbriae?
1/6
, Human Biology: Bacteria, Viruses, and Infectious Diseases Overview
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_joqb9s
Stiff fibers that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces, including host
cells.
10. What is a pilus? An elongated, hollow appendage used to transfer DNA between
bacterial cells.
11. What is binary fission? The process by which bacteria reproduce, involving the copying and
separation of a single chromosome.
12. What are plasmids? Small, circular pieces of DNA in bacteria that can carry genes for
antibiotic resistance.
13. What diseases are caused Strep throat, tuberculosis, gangrene, gonorrhea, and syphilis.
by bacteria?
14. What is the role of the im- It uses white blood cells to fight infections and can produce inflam-
mune system in bacterial mation and fever.
infections?
15. What is the structure of a Consists of an outer protein coat (capsid) and nucleic acid (RNA or
virus? DNA) inside.
16. How do viruses repro- They must enter a host cell and use the host's machinery to replicate.
duce?
2/6
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_joqb9s
1. What are microbes? Microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and protists.
2. What are pathogens? Disease-causing agents, including bacteria and viruses.
3. What are the three Barriers (skin, mucous membranes), phagocytic white blood cells
main defenses against (WBCs), and acquired defenses.
pathogens?
4. What is the structure of a Single-celled organisms without a nucleus, typically with a cell wall
prokaryotic cell? and plasma membrane.
5. What are the shapes of Coccus (sphere-shaped), bacillus (rod-shaped), and spirillum
bacteria? (curved or spiral-shaped).
6. What is a Gram-positive Bacteria with a thick layer of peptidoglycan in their cell wall that stain
bacterium? purple with Gram stain.
7. What is a Gram-negative Bacteria that stain pink and have an outer membrane with
bacterium? lipopolysaccharides.
8. What is the function of fla- Long, thin appendages that help bacteria move.
gella in bacteria?
9. What are fimbriae?
1/6
, Human Biology: Bacteria, Viruses, and Infectious Diseases Overview
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_joqb9s
Stiff fibers that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces, including host
cells.
10. What is a pilus? An elongated, hollow appendage used to transfer DNA between
bacterial cells.
11. What is binary fission? The process by which bacteria reproduce, involving the copying and
separation of a single chromosome.
12. What are plasmids? Small, circular pieces of DNA in bacteria that can carry genes for
antibiotic resistance.
13. What diseases are caused Strep throat, tuberculosis, gangrene, gonorrhea, and syphilis.
by bacteria?
14. What is the role of the im- It uses white blood cells to fight infections and can produce inflam-
mune system in bacterial mation and fever.
infections?
15. What is the structure of a Consists of an outer protein coat (capsid) and nucleic acid (RNA or
virus? DNA) inside.
16. How do viruses repro- They must enter a host cell and use the host's machinery to replicate.
duce?
2/6
