CRIM 103 (12-14) QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS
The ______________ oversees federal parolees. - Answers - Federal Parole
Commission
Incarceration exists primarily in two forms: - Answers - prison and jail
__________ refers to an inmate's adaptation to the prison culture. - Answers -
Prisonization
The ______________ involves the norms and values developed and stressed in prison.
It encourages toughness, insensitivity, disdain, and manipulation of fellow inmates and
prison staff. - Answers - inmate code
Research on racial differences among inmates suggests which of the following? -
Answers - White inmates experience higher levels of fear and stress than black inmates
__________ is a front-end strategy in which judicial bodies place conditions on
offenders in lieu of incarceration. ____________ is a back-end strategy that is imposed
following a period of incarceration. - Answers - Probation; parole
Probation practices in the United States date back to 1841 when shoemaker _________
assisted minor offenders. - Answers - John Augustus
Probationer Steve signs a contract and moves to another part of town. Steve's probation
officer found out about Steve's move and signing of a contract. While neither offense is
criminal, both are violations of the conditions of Steve's probation, and are thus
considered ____________. - Answers - technical violations
Conditional release can involve __________ release, for instance when a parole board
grants an inmate parole, or inmates can receive _____________ in states that have
abandoned traditional parole practices in favor of "good time" practices. - Answers -
discretionary; mandatory
Under ____________ sentencing practices, inmates are released via discretionary
decisions after a period of incarceration. - Answers - indeterminate
____________, which permits legislative action to reduce the severity of one's
punishment, waive the punishment associated with a crime, or exclude certain
individuals from prosecution of a specific crime, comes in the form of pardons, amnesty,
commutations, and reprieves. - Answers - clemency
ANSWERS
The ______________ oversees federal parolees. - Answers - Federal Parole
Commission
Incarceration exists primarily in two forms: - Answers - prison and jail
__________ refers to an inmate's adaptation to the prison culture. - Answers -
Prisonization
The ______________ involves the norms and values developed and stressed in prison.
It encourages toughness, insensitivity, disdain, and manipulation of fellow inmates and
prison staff. - Answers - inmate code
Research on racial differences among inmates suggests which of the following? -
Answers - White inmates experience higher levels of fear and stress than black inmates
__________ is a front-end strategy in which judicial bodies place conditions on
offenders in lieu of incarceration. ____________ is a back-end strategy that is imposed
following a period of incarceration. - Answers - Probation; parole
Probation practices in the United States date back to 1841 when shoemaker _________
assisted minor offenders. - Answers - John Augustus
Probationer Steve signs a contract and moves to another part of town. Steve's probation
officer found out about Steve's move and signing of a contract. While neither offense is
criminal, both are violations of the conditions of Steve's probation, and are thus
considered ____________. - Answers - technical violations
Conditional release can involve __________ release, for instance when a parole board
grants an inmate parole, or inmates can receive _____________ in states that have
abandoned traditional parole practices in favor of "good time" practices. - Answers -
discretionary; mandatory
Under ____________ sentencing practices, inmates are released via discretionary
decisions after a period of incarceration. - Answers - indeterminate
____________, which permits legislative action to reduce the severity of one's
punishment, waive the punishment associated with a crime, or exclude certain
individuals from prosecution of a specific crime, comes in the form of pardons, amnesty,
commutations, and reprieves. - Answers - clemency
