BIO 245 KLESATH NCSU EXAM 1 FINAL PAPER
2026 STUDY GUIDE DETAILED ANSWERS
READY
◉ What does a receptor do?
Answer: Detects changes (stimuli).
◉ What does the control center do?
Answer: Compares to set point and decides response.
◉ What does an effector do?
Answer: Produces the response to restore balance.
◉ Negative feedback definition
Answer: Response reverses the original stimulus.
◉ Example of negative feedback
Answer: Sweating when hot.
◉ Positive feedback definition
Answer: Response amplifies the stimulus until completion.
,◉ Example of positive feedback
Answer: Labor contractions.
◉ What are macromolecules?
Answer: Large carbon-based molecules essential for life.
◉ Monomer definition
Answer: Small building block of a molecule.
◉ Polymer definition
Answer: Many monomers bonded together.
◉ Main function of lipids
Answer: Long-term energy storage, membranes, hormones.
◉ Triglycerides are made of
Answer: Glycerol and three fatty acids.
◉ Saturated fats characteristic
Answer: No double bonds, solid at room temperature.
, ◉ Unsaturated fats characteristic
Answer: Double bonds, liquid at room temperature.
◉ Phospholipid structure
Answer: Hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails.
◉ Steroids structure
Answer: Four carbon rings.
◉ Eicosanoids function
Answer: Local signaling molecules involved in inflammation.
◉ Main function of carbohydrates
Answer: Quick energy source.
◉ Most important carbohydrate
Answer: Glucose.
◉ Stored form of glucose
Answer: Glycogen.
◉ Glycogenesis
2026 STUDY GUIDE DETAILED ANSWERS
READY
◉ What does a receptor do?
Answer: Detects changes (stimuli).
◉ What does the control center do?
Answer: Compares to set point and decides response.
◉ What does an effector do?
Answer: Produces the response to restore balance.
◉ Negative feedback definition
Answer: Response reverses the original stimulus.
◉ Example of negative feedback
Answer: Sweating when hot.
◉ Positive feedback definition
Answer: Response amplifies the stimulus until completion.
,◉ Example of positive feedback
Answer: Labor contractions.
◉ What are macromolecules?
Answer: Large carbon-based molecules essential for life.
◉ Monomer definition
Answer: Small building block of a molecule.
◉ Polymer definition
Answer: Many monomers bonded together.
◉ Main function of lipids
Answer: Long-term energy storage, membranes, hormones.
◉ Triglycerides are made of
Answer: Glycerol and three fatty acids.
◉ Saturated fats characteristic
Answer: No double bonds, solid at room temperature.
, ◉ Unsaturated fats characteristic
Answer: Double bonds, liquid at room temperature.
◉ Phospholipid structure
Answer: Hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails.
◉ Steroids structure
Answer: Four carbon rings.
◉ Eicosanoids function
Answer: Local signaling molecules involved in inflammation.
◉ Main function of carbohydrates
Answer: Quick energy source.
◉ Most important carbohydrate
Answer: Glucose.
◉ Stored form of glucose
Answer: Glycogen.
◉ Glycogenesis
