PNR-120 PN (FUNDAMENTALS)
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY
GRADED A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Autonomy. ANSWER - Right to make own decision
Beneficence. ANSWER - Good for others without any self-interest
Veracity. ANSWER - Commitment to tell the truth
Fidelity. ANSWER - Fulfillment of promises
Justice. ANSWER - Fairness to all
Altruism. ANSWER - Advocacy for patient
Dignity. ANSWER - Treat everyone with respect
Integrity. ANSWER - Honesty (admitting mistakes)
Social Justice. ANSWER - Fair & equal treatment
Malpractice. ANSWER - Fails to meet standard of care, directly resulting in patient
injury or harm
,Tort. ANSWER - Intentional or unintentional act committed against a patient,
causing harm, injury, or violation of rights
Intentional torts. ANSWER - Assault, battery, false imprisonment
Unintentional torts. ANSWER - Negligence, malpractice (professional negligence)
Implied consent. ANSWER - Body language that allows consent
Informed consent. ANSWER - Written permission that patient must sign
Nurse responsibilities. ANSWER - Must observe signature (witness), ensure patient
is competent, alert (notify provider if patient still has questions)
Good Samaritan Laws. ANSWER - Protect healthcare workers from liability when
they intervene at scene of emergency
Whistleblowing. ANSWER - High retaliation for telling the truth
Legal protections. ANSWER - Shielding against termination, demotion, or pay cuts,
often enforced by the U.S. Department of Labor and OSHA
Mandatory Reporting. ANSWER - Who reports: HCP, Nurses; What must be
reported: abuse, TB, Hepatitis A, immunizations
Characteristics of good documentation. ANSWER - Accurate, Complete, Timely,
Objective, Organized, Legible (if handwritten), Confidential
Purpose of documentation. ANSWER - Communicate client status to healthcare
team, legal record of care, evaluate outcomes, reimbursement, quality improvement
PIE. ANSWER - Problem, Intervention, Evaluation
, SOAP. ANSWER - Subjective data, Objective data, Assessment, Plan
Source-oriented documentation. ANSWER - Separate sections by discipline
(nursing, provider, lab)
Focus charting (DAR). ANSWER - Data, Action, Response
Charting by exception. ANSWER - Only abnormal findings documented
Problem-oriented medical records. ANSWER - Organized around client problems
FACT Principles. ANSWER - Factual, Accurate, Complete, Timely
Correcting Errors. ANSWER - Draw single line through error, write error,
initial/date, correct entry, never erase or use whiteout
Late Entries. ANSWER - Label late entry, include current time & date, record actual
event time
EHRs. ANSWER - Purpose: Improve communication, reduces errors, increases
access to records
Legal considerations of EHRs. ANSWER - Confidentiality required, access only
assigned clients, password protected
Electronic Documentation Guidelines. ANSWER - Password/security: never share
password; Logging off: when leaving computer; Electronic signatures: legally
binding
ISMP. ANSWER - Institute for Safe Medication Practices: reduces medication errors
Shannon-Weaver model. ANSWER - Communication process sender-message-
receiver
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY
GRADED A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Autonomy. ANSWER - Right to make own decision
Beneficence. ANSWER - Good for others without any self-interest
Veracity. ANSWER - Commitment to tell the truth
Fidelity. ANSWER - Fulfillment of promises
Justice. ANSWER - Fairness to all
Altruism. ANSWER - Advocacy for patient
Dignity. ANSWER - Treat everyone with respect
Integrity. ANSWER - Honesty (admitting mistakes)
Social Justice. ANSWER - Fair & equal treatment
Malpractice. ANSWER - Fails to meet standard of care, directly resulting in patient
injury or harm
,Tort. ANSWER - Intentional or unintentional act committed against a patient,
causing harm, injury, or violation of rights
Intentional torts. ANSWER - Assault, battery, false imprisonment
Unintentional torts. ANSWER - Negligence, malpractice (professional negligence)
Implied consent. ANSWER - Body language that allows consent
Informed consent. ANSWER - Written permission that patient must sign
Nurse responsibilities. ANSWER - Must observe signature (witness), ensure patient
is competent, alert (notify provider if patient still has questions)
Good Samaritan Laws. ANSWER - Protect healthcare workers from liability when
they intervene at scene of emergency
Whistleblowing. ANSWER - High retaliation for telling the truth
Legal protections. ANSWER - Shielding against termination, demotion, or pay cuts,
often enforced by the U.S. Department of Labor and OSHA
Mandatory Reporting. ANSWER - Who reports: HCP, Nurses; What must be
reported: abuse, TB, Hepatitis A, immunizations
Characteristics of good documentation. ANSWER - Accurate, Complete, Timely,
Objective, Organized, Legible (if handwritten), Confidential
Purpose of documentation. ANSWER - Communicate client status to healthcare
team, legal record of care, evaluate outcomes, reimbursement, quality improvement
PIE. ANSWER - Problem, Intervention, Evaluation
, SOAP. ANSWER - Subjective data, Objective data, Assessment, Plan
Source-oriented documentation. ANSWER - Separate sections by discipline
(nursing, provider, lab)
Focus charting (DAR). ANSWER - Data, Action, Response
Charting by exception. ANSWER - Only abnormal findings documented
Problem-oriented medical records. ANSWER - Organized around client problems
FACT Principles. ANSWER - Factual, Accurate, Complete, Timely
Correcting Errors. ANSWER - Draw single line through error, write error,
initial/date, correct entry, never erase or use whiteout
Late Entries. ANSWER - Label late entry, include current time & date, record actual
event time
EHRs. ANSWER - Purpose: Improve communication, reduces errors, increases
access to records
Legal considerations of EHRs. ANSWER - Confidentiality required, access only
assigned clients, password protected
Electronic Documentation Guidelines. ANSWER - Password/security: never share
password; Logging off: when leaving computer; Electronic signatures: legally
binding
ISMP. ANSWER - Institute for Safe Medication Practices: reduces medication errors
Shannon-Weaver model. ANSWER - Communication process sender-message-
receiver
