NR 228: Nutrition, Health & Wellness - Week 1 Quiz 2026
|Chamberlain
1. Which of the following describes a ‘primary’ nutrient deficiency?
A. A deficiency caused by a disease state interfering with absorption
B. A deficiency caused by inadequate dietary intake of a nutrient
C. A deficiency resulting from excessive excretion of a nutrient
D. A deficiency caused by drug-nutrient interactions
Answer: B
Rationale: A primary deficiency is caused by low dietary intake of a nutrient, whereas a
secondary deficiency is caused by something other than diet, such as a malabsorption
disorder.
2. How many kilocalories are provided by one gram of carbohydrates?
A. 9 kcal
B. 7 kcal
C. 4 kcal
D. 0 kcal
Answer: C
Rationale: Carbohydrates and proteins both provide 4 kcal per gram, while fats provide 9
kcal per gram and alcohol provides 7 kcal per gram.
,3. The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are designed to:
A. Provide specific dietary plans for athletes only
B. Treat individuals with severe malnutrition in clinical settings
C. Prevent chronic diseases and promote health for nearly all healthy people
D. Calculate the exact calorie needs for hospitalized patients
Answer: C
Rationale: DRIs are a set of nutrient intake values for healthy people in the United States
and Canada used for planning and assessing diets.
4. Which macronutrient is the body’s primary and preferred source of energy?
A. Proteins
B. Fats
C. Vitamins
D. Carbohydrates
Answer: D
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body’s preferred energy source because they are easily
converted to glucose, which is the brain’s main fuel.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about ‘nutrient density.’ Which food choice
indicates understanding?
A. A glazed donut
B. A bag of potato chips
C. A cup of fat-free milk
D. A sugar-sweetened soda
Answer: C
Rationale: Nutrient-dense foods provide the most nutrients for the fewest calories. Fat-
free milk provides calcium and protein without high calories or fat.
, 6. Which of the following is considered an ‘essential’ nutrient?
A. Vitamin C
B. Cholesterol
C. Glucose
D. Non-essential amino acids
Answer: A
Rationale: Essential nutrients are those that the body cannot make in sufficient amounts
and must be obtained through the diet. Vitamin C is essential for humans.
7. What is the main goal of the ‘Healthy People 2030’ initiative regarding
nutrition?
A. To eliminate all dietary fat from the American diet
B. To provide free vitamins to every household
C. To mandate specific diets for all citizens
D. To promote health and reduce chronic disease risk through consumption of healthful diets
Answer: D
Rationale: Healthy People 2030 focuses on health promotion and disease prevention by
encouraging healthy eating patterns and maintaining healthy body weights.
8. Which type of fat is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular
disease when consumed in excess?
A. Monounsaturated fats
B. Polyunsaturated fats
C. Omega-3 fatty acids
D. Saturated fats
Answer: D
Rationale: Saturated fats, typically found in animal products, are linked to higher LDL
cholesterol levels and increased risk for heart disease.
|Chamberlain
1. Which of the following describes a ‘primary’ nutrient deficiency?
A. A deficiency caused by a disease state interfering with absorption
B. A deficiency caused by inadequate dietary intake of a nutrient
C. A deficiency resulting from excessive excretion of a nutrient
D. A deficiency caused by drug-nutrient interactions
Answer: B
Rationale: A primary deficiency is caused by low dietary intake of a nutrient, whereas a
secondary deficiency is caused by something other than diet, such as a malabsorption
disorder.
2. How many kilocalories are provided by one gram of carbohydrates?
A. 9 kcal
B. 7 kcal
C. 4 kcal
D. 0 kcal
Answer: C
Rationale: Carbohydrates and proteins both provide 4 kcal per gram, while fats provide 9
kcal per gram and alcohol provides 7 kcal per gram.
,3. The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are designed to:
A. Provide specific dietary plans for athletes only
B. Treat individuals with severe malnutrition in clinical settings
C. Prevent chronic diseases and promote health for nearly all healthy people
D. Calculate the exact calorie needs for hospitalized patients
Answer: C
Rationale: DRIs are a set of nutrient intake values for healthy people in the United States
and Canada used for planning and assessing diets.
4. Which macronutrient is the body’s primary and preferred source of energy?
A. Proteins
B. Fats
C. Vitamins
D. Carbohydrates
Answer: D
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body’s preferred energy source because they are easily
converted to glucose, which is the brain’s main fuel.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about ‘nutrient density.’ Which food choice
indicates understanding?
A. A glazed donut
B. A bag of potato chips
C. A cup of fat-free milk
D. A sugar-sweetened soda
Answer: C
Rationale: Nutrient-dense foods provide the most nutrients for the fewest calories. Fat-
free milk provides calcium and protein without high calories or fat.
, 6. Which of the following is considered an ‘essential’ nutrient?
A. Vitamin C
B. Cholesterol
C. Glucose
D. Non-essential amino acids
Answer: A
Rationale: Essential nutrients are those that the body cannot make in sufficient amounts
and must be obtained through the diet. Vitamin C is essential for humans.
7. What is the main goal of the ‘Healthy People 2030’ initiative regarding
nutrition?
A. To eliminate all dietary fat from the American diet
B. To provide free vitamins to every household
C. To mandate specific diets for all citizens
D. To promote health and reduce chronic disease risk through consumption of healthful diets
Answer: D
Rationale: Healthy People 2030 focuses on health promotion and disease prevention by
encouraging healthy eating patterns and maintaining healthy body weights.
8. Which type of fat is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular
disease when consumed in excess?
A. Monounsaturated fats
B. Polyunsaturated fats
C. Omega-3 fatty acids
D. Saturated fats
Answer: D
Rationale: Saturated fats, typically found in animal products, are linked to higher LDL
cholesterol levels and increased risk for heart disease.
