NSCA CSCS Practice Questions (Scientific Fundamentals) ||
100% Actual Solutions.
What is the impact of tendon stiffness on the performance of a soccer player?
a. reduced sports performance
b. increased ground contact time
c. increased force transmission correct answers c. increased force transmission
Recent studies indicate that tendon stiffness (force transmission per unit of strain, or tendon
elongation) increases as a result of resistance training
Which of the following exercises requires frontal plane motion of the legs?
a. hip thrust
b. lateral barrier hop
c. lateral lunge correct answers c. lateral lunge
The generation of maximum tension within a muscle fiber is the result of
a. the absence of a relaxation period between twitches
b. the amount of Ca2+ calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
c. the strength of the action potential from a motor neuron correct answers a. the absence of a
relaxation period between twitches
Decreasing the time interval between the twitches results in greater summation of crossbridge
binding and force. The stimuli may be delivered at so high a frequency that the twitches begin
to merge and eventually completely fuse, a condition called tetanus (figure 1.8, c and d). This is
the maximal amount of force the motor unit can develop.
What is the VO2 (ml/kg/min) of someone training at 3.5 METS?
a. 7 ml/kg/min
b. 12.25 ml/kg/min
c. 3.5 ml/kg/min correct answers b. 12.25 ml/kg/min
METs * 3.5 = VO2 (ml/kg/min)
A male athlete expresses greater relative power than their female athlete counterparts during
testing which may be the result of which of the following?
a. fat-free mass
b. muscle fiber arrangement
c. motor unit firing rates correct answers c. motor unit firing rates
Though men still perform better in general than women, it appears that differences in fat-free
mass are not entirely responsible for differences in power output. Although the data are
equivocal, sex-related differences in the rate of force development (182, 183) and the recruitment
strategy of muscle activation (173) could partly explain these findings (191).
, When designing a resistance training program that results in an increase in serum testosterone in
young men, what variable should be included?
a. short rest intervals
b. moderate resistance training
c .low volume of exercise correct answers a. short rest intervals
Independently or in various combinations, several exercise variables can increase serum
testosterone concentrations in boys and younger men (38, 57, 100, 115):
• Large muscle group exercises (e.g., deadlift, power clean, squats)
• Heavy resistance (85-95% of 1RM)
• Moderate to high volume of exercise, achieved with multiple sets, multiple exercises, or both
• Short rest intervals (30 seconds to 1 minute)
• Two years or more of resistance training experience
Walking or jogging between intense bouts of interval training results in which of the following?
a. maintenance of high heart rate to promote systemic blood flow
b. lower systemic blood lactate concentrations
c. decreased blood flow via the skeletal muscle pump correct answers b. lower systemic blood
lactate concentrations
Light activity during the postexercise period has been shown to increase lactate clearance rates
(55, 67, 72, 79, 116). For example, an active recovery following a 200-yard (182.9 m) maximal-
effort swim resulted in the greatest lactate clearance in comparison to a passive recovery in
competitive swimmers (72).
What is the most effective stimulus for bone growth on the periosteum of the bone over time?
a. progressive weight-bearing activities above the minimal essential strain
b. consistent weight-bearing activities equal to the minimal essential strain
c. progressive weight-bearing activities below the minimal essential strain correct answers a.
progressive weight-bearing activities above the minimal essential strain
The term minimal essential strain (MES) refers to the threshold stimulus that initiates new bone
formation. Consistently exceeding these thresholds signals osteo-blasts to migrate to the region
experiencing the stress and to form bone, while forces that fall below the MES do not present an
appropriate stimulus for new bone formation. Progressive weight-bearing physical activities that
generate forces exceeding the MES are therefore the most effective at increasing bone size and
strength.
Youth athletes, aged 14-15, participating in a heavy resistance training program during physical
education for the past school year, will most likely see an increase in which of the following?
a. phosphofructokinase
b. muscle cross-sectional area
c. serum testosterone levels correct answers b. muscle cross-sectional area
Which hormone suppresses fatty acid oxidation?
a. cortisol
100% Actual Solutions.
What is the impact of tendon stiffness on the performance of a soccer player?
a. reduced sports performance
b. increased ground contact time
c. increased force transmission correct answers c. increased force transmission
Recent studies indicate that tendon stiffness (force transmission per unit of strain, or tendon
elongation) increases as a result of resistance training
Which of the following exercises requires frontal plane motion of the legs?
a. hip thrust
b. lateral barrier hop
c. lateral lunge correct answers c. lateral lunge
The generation of maximum tension within a muscle fiber is the result of
a. the absence of a relaxation period between twitches
b. the amount of Ca2+ calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
c. the strength of the action potential from a motor neuron correct answers a. the absence of a
relaxation period between twitches
Decreasing the time interval between the twitches results in greater summation of crossbridge
binding and force. The stimuli may be delivered at so high a frequency that the twitches begin
to merge and eventually completely fuse, a condition called tetanus (figure 1.8, c and d). This is
the maximal amount of force the motor unit can develop.
What is the VO2 (ml/kg/min) of someone training at 3.5 METS?
a. 7 ml/kg/min
b. 12.25 ml/kg/min
c. 3.5 ml/kg/min correct answers b. 12.25 ml/kg/min
METs * 3.5 = VO2 (ml/kg/min)
A male athlete expresses greater relative power than their female athlete counterparts during
testing which may be the result of which of the following?
a. fat-free mass
b. muscle fiber arrangement
c. motor unit firing rates correct answers c. motor unit firing rates
Though men still perform better in general than women, it appears that differences in fat-free
mass are not entirely responsible for differences in power output. Although the data are
equivocal, sex-related differences in the rate of force development (182, 183) and the recruitment
strategy of muscle activation (173) could partly explain these findings (191).
, When designing a resistance training program that results in an increase in serum testosterone in
young men, what variable should be included?
a. short rest intervals
b. moderate resistance training
c .low volume of exercise correct answers a. short rest intervals
Independently or in various combinations, several exercise variables can increase serum
testosterone concentrations in boys and younger men (38, 57, 100, 115):
• Large muscle group exercises (e.g., deadlift, power clean, squats)
• Heavy resistance (85-95% of 1RM)
• Moderate to high volume of exercise, achieved with multiple sets, multiple exercises, or both
• Short rest intervals (30 seconds to 1 minute)
• Two years or more of resistance training experience
Walking or jogging between intense bouts of interval training results in which of the following?
a. maintenance of high heart rate to promote systemic blood flow
b. lower systemic blood lactate concentrations
c. decreased blood flow via the skeletal muscle pump correct answers b. lower systemic blood
lactate concentrations
Light activity during the postexercise period has been shown to increase lactate clearance rates
(55, 67, 72, 79, 116). For example, an active recovery following a 200-yard (182.9 m) maximal-
effort swim resulted in the greatest lactate clearance in comparison to a passive recovery in
competitive swimmers (72).
What is the most effective stimulus for bone growth on the periosteum of the bone over time?
a. progressive weight-bearing activities above the minimal essential strain
b. consistent weight-bearing activities equal to the minimal essential strain
c. progressive weight-bearing activities below the minimal essential strain correct answers a.
progressive weight-bearing activities above the minimal essential strain
The term minimal essential strain (MES) refers to the threshold stimulus that initiates new bone
formation. Consistently exceeding these thresholds signals osteo-blasts to migrate to the region
experiencing the stress and to form bone, while forces that fall below the MES do not present an
appropriate stimulus for new bone formation. Progressive weight-bearing physical activities that
generate forces exceeding the MES are therefore the most effective at increasing bone size and
strength.
Youth athletes, aged 14-15, participating in a heavy resistance training program during physical
education for the past school year, will most likely see an increase in which of the following?
a. phosphofructokinase
b. muscle cross-sectional area
c. serum testosterone levels correct answers b. muscle cross-sectional area
Which hormone suppresses fatty acid oxidation?
a. cortisol
