A & P 2 STRAIGHTERLINE FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
When erythrocytes are destroyed, which of the following events occurs? - correct answer-
The globin portion of the molecule is broken down into amino acids.
Type AB blood - correct answer-has both A and B antigens on the red cells
In the platelet release reaction, - correct answer-
ADP and thromboxanes stimulate other platelets to become activated.
The hematocrit is - correct answer-d. the percentage of RBCs in a given volume of blood.
What vitamin is necessary to produce many clotting factors in the liver? - correct answer-Vitamin K
A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of blood functioning in - correct answer-
a. protection.
The oxygenated form of hemoglobin is called - correct answer-oxyhemoglobin
The only formed elements that possess a nucleus when mature are the - correct answer-c. leukocytes
Plasma - correct answer-. is the liquid matrix of the blood.
An increased amount of heparin in the blood might - correct answer-. prevent clotting process.
On which chromosome is there a mutation that leads to sickle cell anemia? - correct answer-
b. chromosome 11
Blood consists of a matrix of plasma and cells; blood is a subtype of ______ tissue. - correct answer-
e. connective
,The ability of white blood cells to leave the circulation and enter tissues is called - correct answer-
b. diapedesis.
The nervous system and certain chemicals can cause the constriction of a blood vessel. This is known
as - correct answer-b. vascular spasm
The cascade of events in the intrinsic pathway can be set into motion when _____ comes into contact
with collagen. - correct answer-factor XII
If a blood buffer is absent, what function of the blood would be compromised? - correct answer-
regulation of pH
What is tissue thromboplastin? - correct answer-
A compound released by damaged tissue that initiates the extrinsic clotting pathway
A deficiency of which of the following stem cells would result in a marked increase in the clotting tim
e of blood? - correct answer-megakaryoblast
Macrophages are derived from - correct answer-monocytes
Which of the following events is one of the three main stages of coagulation? - correct answer-
conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
The "pacemaker" of the heart is the - correct answer-SA node
Wherev isv bloodv movingv duringv thev periodv ofv ejection?v -v correctv answer-
Ventriclesv tov greatv vessels
Thev adultv heartv averagesv ___________v grams.v -v correctv answer-250-300
Thev epicardiumv -v correctv answer-coversv thev surfacev ofv thev heart.
,v
Energyv forv contractionv ofv myocardialv cellsv comesv primarilyv fromv -
v correctv answer-
aerobicv respirationv inv thev mitochondria
Whatv event(s)v occurv duringv thev QRSv complexv ofv anv ECG?v -
v correctv answer-
depolarizationv ofv thev ventriclesv andv repolarizationv ofv thev atria
Thev relationshipv betweenv preloadv andv strokev volumev isv knownv asv -
v correctv answer-
Starlingv Lawv ofv thev heart.
Cardiacv musclev cellsv -v correctv answer-
arev maintainedv byv anv extensivev capillaryv network.
Duringv thev isovolumetricv contractionv periodv ofv thev cardiacv cycle,v -
v correctv answer-
AVv andv semilunarv valvesv arev closed.
Pressurev inv thev rightv ventriclev mustv exceedv pressurev inv thev ____v beforev thev rightv ventriclev canv ejectv
blo
od.v -v correctv answer-pulmonaryv trunk
Inv thev cardiacv cycle,v -v correctv answer-
allv fourv chambersv ofv thev heartv arev inv diastolev atv thev samev time.
Whatv cardiacv arrhythmiav willv havev nov QRSv complexv asv av symptom?v -
v correctv answer-
ventricularv fibrillation
Whichv ofv thev followingv isv administeredv tov thev peoplev sufferingv fromv myocardialv infarctionv followingv
on
setv ofv symptoms?v -v correctv answer-Tissuev plasminogenv activatorv (t-PA)
Whichv ofv thev followingv mightv increasev thev riskv forv cardiovascularv disease?v -
v correctv answer-
chronicv stress
Aorticv stenosisv resultsv fromv -v correctv answer-
av narrowedv openingv throughv thev aorticv valve
Anv incompetentv pulmonaryv semilunarv valvev couldv resultv inv lessv bloodv reachingv thev -
v correctv answer-
lungs
,v
Av patientv hasv beenv diagnosedv withv mildv heartv disease.v Testsv showv thatv somev ofv thev coronaryv arteries
v ar
ev partiallyv occluded.v Whichv ofv thev followingv isv thev bestv coursev ofv actionv tov treatv thev disease?v -
correctv answer-Angioplasty
Anginav pectorisv isv chestv painv causedv byv reducedv -v correctv answer-
bloodv supplyv tov cardiacv muscle.
Coronaryv arteryv diseasev canv diminishv myocardialv bloodv flowv resultingv inv thev deathv ofv myocardialv cell
s.
Thisv conditionv isv knownv asv av myocardialv -v correctv answer-infarction
Whatv abnormalv heartv rhythmv couldv bev causedv byv anv elevatedv bodyv temperature,v excessivev sympatheti
c
stimulation,v orv toxicv conditions?v -v correctv answer-tachycardia
Whichv typev ofv vesselv hasv thev greatestv compliance?v -v correctv answer-
veins
Whichv ofv thev followingv thoracicv organsv isv suppliedv byv av parietalv branchv ofv thev thoracicv aorta?
v-
correctv answer-thev intercostalv muscles
Increasedv pressurev inv thev aorticv archv willv activatev thev aorticv archv reflexv andv causev -
v correctv answer-
increasedv parasympatheticv stimulationv ofv thev heart.
Accordingv tov Poiseuille'sv law,v -v correctv answer-
ifv resistancev increases,v flowv decreases
Thev veinv thatv ascendsv alongv thev medialv sidev ofv thev lowerv limbv tov thev femoralv veinv isv thev ____v saph
eno
_ussaphenous
v veinv andv the v vein
vein. v thatv ascends
v -v correct v alongvvthe
v answer-great; v posteriorv aspectv ofv thev legv tov thev poplitealv veinv isv thev _
small
___
Ifv someonev hasv av bloodv pressurev readingv ofv 110/70v mmv Hg,v theirv pulsev pressurev wouldv be
v-
correctv answer-40v mmv Hg.
Whatv isv thev mostv importantv meansv byv whichv capillaryv exchangev occurs?v -v correctv answer-
diffusion
Whichv ofv thev followingv statementsv aboutv laminarv bloodv flowv isv true?v -
v correctv answer-
Thev outermostv layerv ofv bloodv experiencesv thev greatestv resistancev tov flow.
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
When erythrocytes are destroyed, which of the following events occurs? - correct answer-
The globin portion of the molecule is broken down into amino acids.
Type AB blood - correct answer-has both A and B antigens on the red cells
In the platelet release reaction, - correct answer-
ADP and thromboxanes stimulate other platelets to become activated.
The hematocrit is - correct answer-d. the percentage of RBCs in a given volume of blood.
What vitamin is necessary to produce many clotting factors in the liver? - correct answer-Vitamin K
A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of blood functioning in - correct answer-
a. protection.
The oxygenated form of hemoglobin is called - correct answer-oxyhemoglobin
The only formed elements that possess a nucleus when mature are the - correct answer-c. leukocytes
Plasma - correct answer-. is the liquid matrix of the blood.
An increased amount of heparin in the blood might - correct answer-. prevent clotting process.
On which chromosome is there a mutation that leads to sickle cell anemia? - correct answer-
b. chromosome 11
Blood consists of a matrix of plasma and cells; blood is a subtype of ______ tissue. - correct answer-
e. connective
,The ability of white blood cells to leave the circulation and enter tissues is called - correct answer-
b. diapedesis.
The nervous system and certain chemicals can cause the constriction of a blood vessel. This is known
as - correct answer-b. vascular spasm
The cascade of events in the intrinsic pathway can be set into motion when _____ comes into contact
with collagen. - correct answer-factor XII
If a blood buffer is absent, what function of the blood would be compromised? - correct answer-
regulation of pH
What is tissue thromboplastin? - correct answer-
A compound released by damaged tissue that initiates the extrinsic clotting pathway
A deficiency of which of the following stem cells would result in a marked increase in the clotting tim
e of blood? - correct answer-megakaryoblast
Macrophages are derived from - correct answer-monocytes
Which of the following events is one of the three main stages of coagulation? - correct answer-
conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
The "pacemaker" of the heart is the - correct answer-SA node
Wherev isv bloodv movingv duringv thev periodv ofv ejection?v -v correctv answer-
Ventriclesv tov greatv vessels
Thev adultv heartv averagesv ___________v grams.v -v correctv answer-250-300
Thev epicardiumv -v correctv answer-coversv thev surfacev ofv thev heart.
,v
Energyv forv contractionv ofv myocardialv cellsv comesv primarilyv fromv -
v correctv answer-
aerobicv respirationv inv thev mitochondria
Whatv event(s)v occurv duringv thev QRSv complexv ofv anv ECG?v -
v correctv answer-
depolarizationv ofv thev ventriclesv andv repolarizationv ofv thev atria
Thev relationshipv betweenv preloadv andv strokev volumev isv knownv asv -
v correctv answer-
Starlingv Lawv ofv thev heart.
Cardiacv musclev cellsv -v correctv answer-
arev maintainedv byv anv extensivev capillaryv network.
Duringv thev isovolumetricv contractionv periodv ofv thev cardiacv cycle,v -
v correctv answer-
AVv andv semilunarv valvesv arev closed.
Pressurev inv thev rightv ventriclev mustv exceedv pressurev inv thev ____v beforev thev rightv ventriclev canv ejectv
blo
od.v -v correctv answer-pulmonaryv trunk
Inv thev cardiacv cycle,v -v correctv answer-
allv fourv chambersv ofv thev heartv arev inv diastolev atv thev samev time.
Whatv cardiacv arrhythmiav willv havev nov QRSv complexv asv av symptom?v -
v correctv answer-
ventricularv fibrillation
Whichv ofv thev followingv isv administeredv tov thev peoplev sufferingv fromv myocardialv infarctionv followingv
on
setv ofv symptoms?v -v correctv answer-Tissuev plasminogenv activatorv (t-PA)
Whichv ofv thev followingv mightv increasev thev riskv forv cardiovascularv disease?v -
v correctv answer-
chronicv stress
Aorticv stenosisv resultsv fromv -v correctv answer-
av narrowedv openingv throughv thev aorticv valve
Anv incompetentv pulmonaryv semilunarv valvev couldv resultv inv lessv bloodv reachingv thev -
v correctv answer-
lungs
,v
Av patientv hasv beenv diagnosedv withv mildv heartv disease.v Testsv showv thatv somev ofv thev coronaryv arteries
v ar
ev partiallyv occluded.v Whichv ofv thev followingv isv thev bestv coursev ofv actionv tov treatv thev disease?v -
correctv answer-Angioplasty
Anginav pectorisv isv chestv painv causedv byv reducedv -v correctv answer-
bloodv supplyv tov cardiacv muscle.
Coronaryv arteryv diseasev canv diminishv myocardialv bloodv flowv resultingv inv thev deathv ofv myocardialv cell
s.
Thisv conditionv isv knownv asv av myocardialv -v correctv answer-infarction
Whatv abnormalv heartv rhythmv couldv bev causedv byv anv elevatedv bodyv temperature,v excessivev sympatheti
c
stimulation,v orv toxicv conditions?v -v correctv answer-tachycardia
Whichv typev ofv vesselv hasv thev greatestv compliance?v -v correctv answer-
veins
Whichv ofv thev followingv thoracicv organsv isv suppliedv byv av parietalv branchv ofv thev thoracicv aorta?
v-
correctv answer-thev intercostalv muscles
Increasedv pressurev inv thev aorticv archv willv activatev thev aorticv archv reflexv andv causev -
v correctv answer-
increasedv parasympatheticv stimulationv ofv thev heart.
Accordingv tov Poiseuille'sv law,v -v correctv answer-
ifv resistancev increases,v flowv decreases
Thev veinv thatv ascendsv alongv thev medialv sidev ofv thev lowerv limbv tov thev femoralv veinv isv thev ____v saph
eno
_ussaphenous
v veinv andv the v vein
vein. v thatv ascends
v -v correct v alongvvthe
v answer-great; v posteriorv aspectv ofv thev legv tov thev poplitealv veinv isv thev _
small
___
Ifv someonev hasv av bloodv pressurev readingv ofv 110/70v mmv Hg,v theirv pulsev pressurev wouldv be
v-
correctv answer-40v mmv Hg.
Whatv isv thev mostv importantv meansv byv whichv capillaryv exchangev occurs?v -v correctv answer-
diffusion
Whichv ofv thev followingv statementsv aboutv laminarv bloodv flowv isv true?v -
v correctv answer-
Thev outermostv layerv ofv bloodv experiencesv thev greatestv resistancev tov flow.
