NR 226: Fundamentals of Patient Care Exam 1 Prep 2026
|Chamberlain College
1. Which phase of the nursing process involves the nurse collecting subjective
and objective data about a patient’s health status?
A. Diagnosis
B. Planning
C. Assessment
D. Implementation
Answer: C
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and involves the systematic
collection of data to determine a patient’s health status.
2. A patient reports feeling ‘dizzy and lightheaded’ when standing up. This type
of information is classified as:
A. Objective data
B. Subjective data
C. Secondary data
D. Inferred data
Answer: B
Rationale: Subjective data are the patient’s verbal descriptions of their health problems,
such as feelings or perceptions.
,3. Which nursing theorist is known for the ‘Environmental Theory’ which
focuses on the patient’s surroundings to promote healing?
A. Jean Watson
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Dorothea Orem
D. Virginia Henderson
Answer: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale’s theory focused on manipulating the environment (light,
ventilation, hygiene) to facilitate the body’s reparative processes.
4. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following should the
nurse prioritize first?
A. Physiological needs
B. Safety and security
C. Self-esteem
D. Love and belonging
Answer: A
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, water, food, elimination) are the most basic and
must be met before higher-level needs.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient who is unable to provide consent due to
cognitive impairment. The nurse follows the instructions of the patient’s legal
representative. This illustrates which ethical principle?
A. Justice
B. Autonomy
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Fidelity
Answer: B
, Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make their own decisions; in this case,
the legal representative acts on the patient’s behalf to respect that autonomy.
6. A nurse accidentally administers the wrong medication to a patient but no
harm is done. The nurse still reports the error. This is an example of:
A. Fidelity
B. Veracity
C. Beneficence
D. Accountability
Answer: D
Rationale: Accountability involves answering for one’s actions and ensuring professional
standards are met, regardless of the outcome.
7. Which legal document allows a patient to specify their end-of-life wishes if
they become incapacitated?
A. Advance Directive
B. Informed Consent
C. Incident Report
D. Statutory Law
Answer: A
Rationale: Advance directives, such as living wills, allow patients to state their healthcare
preferences in advance.
8. The nurse is performing hand hygiene using an alcohol-based hand rub. How
long should the nurse rub their hands together?
A. At least 2 minutes
B. Exactly 10 seconds
C. Until the scent of alcohol is gone
D. Until the hands are dry
Answer: D
|Chamberlain College
1. Which phase of the nursing process involves the nurse collecting subjective
and objective data about a patient’s health status?
A. Diagnosis
B. Planning
C. Assessment
D. Implementation
Answer: C
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and involves the systematic
collection of data to determine a patient’s health status.
2. A patient reports feeling ‘dizzy and lightheaded’ when standing up. This type
of information is classified as:
A. Objective data
B. Subjective data
C. Secondary data
D. Inferred data
Answer: B
Rationale: Subjective data are the patient’s verbal descriptions of their health problems,
such as feelings or perceptions.
,3. Which nursing theorist is known for the ‘Environmental Theory’ which
focuses on the patient’s surroundings to promote healing?
A. Jean Watson
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Dorothea Orem
D. Virginia Henderson
Answer: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale’s theory focused on manipulating the environment (light,
ventilation, hygiene) to facilitate the body’s reparative processes.
4. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following should the
nurse prioritize first?
A. Physiological needs
B. Safety and security
C. Self-esteem
D. Love and belonging
Answer: A
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, water, food, elimination) are the most basic and
must be met before higher-level needs.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient who is unable to provide consent due to
cognitive impairment. The nurse follows the instructions of the patient’s legal
representative. This illustrates which ethical principle?
A. Justice
B. Autonomy
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Fidelity
Answer: B
, Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make their own decisions; in this case,
the legal representative acts on the patient’s behalf to respect that autonomy.
6. A nurse accidentally administers the wrong medication to a patient but no
harm is done. The nurse still reports the error. This is an example of:
A. Fidelity
B. Veracity
C. Beneficence
D. Accountability
Answer: D
Rationale: Accountability involves answering for one’s actions and ensuring professional
standards are met, regardless of the outcome.
7. Which legal document allows a patient to specify their end-of-life wishes if
they become incapacitated?
A. Advance Directive
B. Informed Consent
C. Incident Report
D. Statutory Law
Answer: A
Rationale: Advance directives, such as living wills, allow patients to state their healthcare
preferences in advance.
8. The nurse is performing hand hygiene using an alcohol-based hand rub. How
long should the nurse rub their hands together?
A. At least 2 minutes
B. Exactly 10 seconds
C. Until the scent of alcohol is gone
D. Until the hands are dry
Answer: D
