CBSE REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS .

CBSE REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT kk kk kk kk




ANSWERS 2025/2026 kk kk




Type II pneumocytes - CORRECT ANSWER -surfactant (*lecithin*)
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kk Proliferate after injury kk kk




Type I progenitors kk kk




*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome* kk kk kk




Polio live v killed vaccine - CORRECT ANSWER -Killed = Salk = IgG
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Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
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- can be shed in feces
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Neonatal Respiratory Distress: kk kk




Etiology + Tx - CORRECT ANSWER -Maternal DM (*high insulin*) or
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kk C-section (*low cortisol*) kk kk




TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
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Lung maturity determined with - CORRECT ANSWER -Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II
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pneumocytes)
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L >> Skk kk




Type I pneumocytes - CORRECT ANSWER -Squamous gas diffusion
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Elastase in lungs - CORRECT ANSWER -macrophage: *lysosomes*
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kk PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
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,Elastin stretches and recoils due to - CORRECT ANSWER -Lysine interchain crosslinks
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air pressure and
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intrapleural pressure at FRC - CORRECT ANSWER -Air pressure = 0
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kk Intrapleural pressure = -5 kk kk kk




Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - CORRECT ANSWER -Exhale of Tidal Volume
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Lung Compliance is decreased by - CORRECT ANSWER -LHF, pulmonary edema,
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kk pulmonary fibrosis kk




Lung Compliance is increased by - CORRECT ANSWER -emphysema, age
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Obesity affects ERV and FRC - CORRECT ANSWER -DECREASE ERV
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kk & FRC
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Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - CORRECT ANSWER -pulmonary = systemic
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Anatomic pulmonary shunting - CORRECT ANSWER -Bronchial circulation causes
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*decreased PO2 in LA/LV* kk kk kk




kk than in pulmonary capillaries
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More ventilation is at the - CORRECT ANSWER -BASE
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O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - CORRECT ANSWER -basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG
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,low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
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O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - CORRECT ANSWER -low pH, high 2,3BPG, high T HOT,
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kk ACIDIC



CO2 transport to lungs - CORRECT ANSWER -*carbonic anhydrase* Cl
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kk shift

*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung (*Bohr*: kk kk kk kk kk




kk O2 release to tissue)
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CO poisoning causes - CORRECT ANSWER -carboxyhemoglobin
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kk no affect on PaO2
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Cyanide poisoning causes - CORRECT ANSWER -lactic acidosis
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How to treat cyanide poisoning - CORRECT ANSWER -*Amyl nitrite* --> Methemoglobin
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kk THEN *Thiosulfate* (hydroxycobalamin)
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Normal A-a gradient - CORRECT ANSWER -5-15 kk kk kk kk kk kk




Hypoventilation: Heroin OD or high altitude kk kk kk kk kk




Increased A-a gradient - CORRECT ANSWER -*Diffusion impairment* (fibrosis)
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*R-L shunt* (aspiration, ARDS)
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*V/Q mismatch* (pulmonary edema
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, AT--> AT IIk kk kk




where and how - CORRECT ANSWER -ACE (-
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kk high in sarcoidosis)
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In small pulmonary bV
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C5a induces what - CORRECT ANSWER -PMN influx (ie: in lungs)
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Korotkoff sound - CORRECT ANSWER -BP cuff - appear and disappear in
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kk inflation/deflation



Pulsus Paradoxus - CORRECT ANSWER -10mmHg difference in
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kk Korotkoff sound kk




Pulsus Paradoxus occurs in - CORRECT ANSWER -Cardiac Tamponade
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Kussmaul sign - CORRECT ANSWER -JVP rises *during inspiration*
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kk Constrictive Pericardiditis kk




Restrictive/Interstitial Lung Disease: kk kk




A-a, FVC, FEV1, EFR - CORRECT ANSWER -Airway widening due to *radial traction* from fibrosis
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*increase Aa* kk




decreased FVC & FEV1 kk kk kk




*Increased EFR* kk




Sarcoidosis - CORRECT ANSWER -*Th1 *noncaseating granulmona kk kk kk kk kk kk




kk bilateral hilar adenopathy kk kk