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1 : Which goal of science is mos closely associated with determining how to measure fear or J J J J J J J J J J




identify lying? J




A : understanding and prediction
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B : measurement and description
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C : application and control
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D : testing and reporting
J J J J




Correct Answer : B J J J




2 : What do we call any measurable conditions, events, characteristics, or behaviours that are
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controlled or observed in a study? J J J J J




A : confounds
J J




B : variables
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C : correlations
J J




D : hypotheses
J J




Correct Answer : B J J J




3 : Forensic profilers use information about known serial killers to make statements about the
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likely next steps of a new killer and to anticipate a pattern of behaviour. Which goal of the
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scientific enterprise does this reflect? J J J J




A : application and control
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B : measurement and description
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C : testing and reporting
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D : understanding and prediction
J J J J




Correct Answer : D J J J




4 : Which goals of science are reflected in the use of reinforcement principles to modify a
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child’s unruly behaviour? J J




A : understanding and prediction
J J J J




B : application and control
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C : measurement and description
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D : testing and reporting
J J J J




Correct Answer : B J J J J




5 : What is a theory?
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A : a system of interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations
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B : a preliminary proposal that has yet to be tested
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C : a statement of research results that have been proven correct
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D : a tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables
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Correct Answer : A J J J




6 : There are multiple goals in science, and researchers move between goals at various points in
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their research. If a researcher has a lot of data about the measurement of fear reactions and uses
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those data to generate a theory about fear, how have the researcher’s goals changed?
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A : from application to control
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B : from control to description
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Correct Answer : C J J J




7 : Which of the following is NOT a primary ethical consideration for psychologists?
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A : Psychologists should not participate in torture.
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B : Researchers should tell the truth
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C : Researchers should only cause harm if deemed scientifically necessary.
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D : Researchers should present their findings accurately.
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Correct Answer : C J J J




8 : Which of the following is NOT a case of scientific misconduct reported within the profession of
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psychology?
A : falsifying and/or fabricating data
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B : fraud in the reporting of research, procedures or methodology
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C : using unwitting participants in experiments
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D : striving for a representative sample
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Correct Answer : D J J J




9 : In the United States, from 1932 to 1972, a group of black men who had syphilis were
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enrolled in a study but were never told they had the disease, nor were they ever treated for it.
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This was a case of ethical abuse in the history of clinical research. What was the name of the
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study?
A : Georgia STD Experiment
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B : Tulsa Syphilis Investigation
J J J J




C : Tuskegee Syphilis Study
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D : New York Longitudinal STD Study
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Correct Answer : C J J J




10 : If Dr. Patry has tested a hypothesis and the findings have failed to support the hypothesis,
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what influence will this have on Dr. Patry’s theory?
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A : It will support the theory because hypotheses attempt to disprove theories.
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B : It will have little effect on the theory because hypotheses are merely predictions based on the theory.
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C : It will require that the theory be reconsidered because hypotheses allow the theory to be tested.
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D : It will cause the theory to be rejected because the hypothesis, and therefore the theory, is unsupported.
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Correct Answer : C J J J




11 : What is an underlying goal typical of theory construction?
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A : to guide future research by generating new hypotheses
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B : to obtain concrete findings that are accepted by other scientists
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C : to initiate a standard step-like process that quickly moves toward the truth
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D : to complete a circular process that is self-fulfilling
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Correct Answer : A J J J




12 : Dr. Marqueta predicts that people who have received bad news will seek out other people
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because “misery loves company.” Which term characterizes Dr. Marqueta’s prediction about
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,the behaviour of people?
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B : hypothesis
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C : analysis
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D : application
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Correct Answer : B J J J




13 : What is a hypothesis?
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A : a conclusion drawn from an experiment
J J J J J J J




B : a system by which an experiment is designed
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C : a system of interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations
J J J J J J J J J J J J J




D : a tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables
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Correct Answer : D J J J




14 : Which of the following is a testable hypothesis?
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A : Fear is defined as an emotional reaction to a change in stimuli.
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B : Fear is an adaptive response that keeps us safe.
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C : Fearful children are less likely to be injured when playing at school.
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D : There are likely differences in how people experience fear.
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Correct Answer : C J J J




15 : Dr. Licciardi predicts that if people are observed while they perform a complex task, they
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will make more errors. Which term is Dr. Licciardi’s prediction an example of?
J J J J J J J J J J J J




A : theory
J J




B : inferential statistics
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C : hypothesis
J J




D : operational definition
J J J




Correct Answer : C J J J




16 : Dr. Malm predicts that if teachers ignore students who act up in class, fewer students will
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act up in class. What is the scientific term for Dr. Malm’s prediction?
J J J J J J J J J J J J




A : operational definition
J J J




B : inferential statistics
J J J




C : hypothesis
J J




D : theory
J J




Correct Answer : C J J J




17 : A researcher is measuring the heart rate of subjects in a study about anxiety, because
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J




heart rate changes in a predictable way when people are anxious. In this study, what is heart
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J




rate?
A : negatively correlated with anxiety
J J J J J




B : independent variable
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C : confounded variable
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D : operational definition of anxiety
J J J J J




Correct Answer : D J J J




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