A&P II Final Exam - BSN Level 2026/2027 UPDATE
1. Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary
veins?
A. Right Atrium
B. Right Ventricle
C. Left Atrium
D. Left Ventricle
Answer: C
Rationale: The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the four
pulmonary veins.
2. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the stimulation of red blood cell
production in the bone marrow?
A. Thrombopoietin
B. Cortisol
C. Aldosterone
D. Erythropoietin
Answer: D
Rationale: Erythropoietin (EPO) is secreted by the kidneys in response to low oxygen
levels to stimulate erythropoiesis.
,3. What does the P wave represent on an Electrocardiogram (ECG)?
A. Atrial Depolarization
B. Atrial Repolarization
C. Ventricular Repolarization
D. Ventricular Depolarization
Answer: A
Rationale: The P wave represents the electrical impulse traveling through the atria,
causing them to depolarize and subsequently contract.
4. In the cardiac cycle, the term ‘isovolumetric contraction’ refers to the phase
where:
A. The ventricles are filling with blood
B. The semilunar valves are open and blood is ejected
C. The ventricles contract while all valves are closed
D. The atria contract to top off the ventricles
Answer: C
Rationale: Isovolumetric contraction occurs early in systole when the ventricles contract
but the pressure is not yet high enough to open the semilunar valves, and the AV valves are
closed.
5. Which of the following blood vessels contains the highest pressure?
A. Capillaries
B. Vena Cava
C. Arterioles
D. Aorta
Answer: D
Rationale: The aorta receives the full force of ventricular contraction, maintaining the
highest systemic arterial pressure.
, 6. Which type of white blood cell is typically the first to arrive at a site of acute
bacterial infection?
A. Monocytes
B. Neutrophils
C. Eosinophils
D. Lymphocytes
Answer: B
Rationale: Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes and serve as the primary rapid-
response team for bacterial infections.
7. Where are the hormones Oxytocin and ADH synthesized?
A. Anterior Pituitary
B. Hypothalamus
C. Posterior Pituitary
D. Adrenal Cortex
Answer: B
Rationale: While they are released by the posterior pituitary, Oxytocin and ADH are
synthesized in the hypothalamus.
8. Which hormone acts as an antagonist to Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
regarding blood calcium levels?
A. Glucagon
B. Thyroxine
C. Calcitonin
D. Aldosterone
Answer: C
Rationale: Calcitonin, produced by the thyroid gland, lowers blood calcium levels, while
PTH raises them.
1. Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary
veins?
A. Right Atrium
B. Right Ventricle
C. Left Atrium
D. Left Ventricle
Answer: C
Rationale: The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the four
pulmonary veins.
2. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the stimulation of red blood cell
production in the bone marrow?
A. Thrombopoietin
B. Cortisol
C. Aldosterone
D. Erythropoietin
Answer: D
Rationale: Erythropoietin (EPO) is secreted by the kidneys in response to low oxygen
levels to stimulate erythropoiesis.
,3. What does the P wave represent on an Electrocardiogram (ECG)?
A. Atrial Depolarization
B. Atrial Repolarization
C. Ventricular Repolarization
D. Ventricular Depolarization
Answer: A
Rationale: The P wave represents the electrical impulse traveling through the atria,
causing them to depolarize and subsequently contract.
4. In the cardiac cycle, the term ‘isovolumetric contraction’ refers to the phase
where:
A. The ventricles are filling with blood
B. The semilunar valves are open and blood is ejected
C. The ventricles contract while all valves are closed
D. The atria contract to top off the ventricles
Answer: C
Rationale: Isovolumetric contraction occurs early in systole when the ventricles contract
but the pressure is not yet high enough to open the semilunar valves, and the AV valves are
closed.
5. Which of the following blood vessels contains the highest pressure?
A. Capillaries
B. Vena Cava
C. Arterioles
D. Aorta
Answer: D
Rationale: The aorta receives the full force of ventricular contraction, maintaining the
highest systemic arterial pressure.
, 6. Which type of white blood cell is typically the first to arrive at a site of acute
bacterial infection?
A. Monocytes
B. Neutrophils
C. Eosinophils
D. Lymphocytes
Answer: B
Rationale: Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes and serve as the primary rapid-
response team for bacterial infections.
7. Where are the hormones Oxytocin and ADH synthesized?
A. Anterior Pituitary
B. Hypothalamus
C. Posterior Pituitary
D. Adrenal Cortex
Answer: B
Rationale: While they are released by the posterior pituitary, Oxytocin and ADH are
synthesized in the hypothalamus.
8. Which hormone acts as an antagonist to Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
regarding blood calcium levels?
A. Glucagon
B. Thyroxine
C. Calcitonin
D. Aldosterone
Answer: C
Rationale: Calcitonin, produced by the thyroid gland, lowers blood calcium levels, while
PTH raises them.
