NSG 1400 FINAL EXAM (2026-2027) SUMMER
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A+ SINCLAIR
-Elevated basophils (>100 cells/mm^3)
-Elevated eosinophils (>500 cells/mm^3)
What are the WBC lab consequences of parasitic infections?
-Elevated WBC (>11,100 cells/mm^3)
-Elevated neutrophils (>8,000 cells/mm^3)
-Elevated monocytes (>700 cells/mm^3)
-Elevated B & T lymphocytes (>4,000 cells/mm^3)
What are the WBC lab consequences of bacterial or viral infections?
Implementation of pressure injury prevention measures:
-Minimize or eliminate friction & shear (sliding on sheets)
-Minimize pressure through repositioning, establish turning schedule Q2H
-Pressure-relieving devices
-Assess and manage moisture on skin surfaces
-Maintain adequate nutrition and hydration; offer protein supplements between
meals
-Elevate heels off bed
What nursing interventions are necessary for a low Braden score?
,-Intact, non-blistered skin with non-blanchable erythema or persistent redness
-An area that is painful and differs in firmness or temperature from the surrounding
tissue
Criteria for a Stage 1 pressure ulcer include:
-Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
-Involves the epidermis and/or dermis but does not extend below the level of the
dermis
-Shallow and superficial, with a pink wound bed
-Intact or ruptured blisters may be present
Criteria for a Stage 2 pressure ulcer include:
-Full-thickness skin loss
-Extends into the subcutaneous tissue but does not extend through the fascia to
muscle, bone, or connective tissue
-Undermining and tunneling may be present
Criteria for a Stage 3 pressure ulcer include:
-Full-thickness skin and tissue loss
-Deeper than stage 3; involves exposure of muscle, bone, or connective tissue
-The considerable depth of the wound and exposure of bone make osteomyelitis
likely
,Criteria for a stage 4 pressure ulcer include:
-Obscured full-thickness skin and tissue loss
-The amount of necrotic tissue (eschar) in the wound bed makes it impossible to
assess the depth of the wound or the involvement of underlying structures
-Wound cannot be staged until the necrotic tissue is removed (debrided)
Criteria for an unstageable wound include:
1.) Four or more ear infections within one year
2.) Two or more serious sinus infections within one year
3.) Failure of an infant to gain weight or grow normally
4.) Recurrent, deep skin, or organ abscesses
5.) Persistent oral thrush or fungal infections on the skin
6.) The need for IV antibiotics to clear infections
7.) Two or more deep-seated infections, including septicemia
8.) Two or more pneumonias within one year
9.)Two or more months of antibiotic use with little effect
10.) Family history of PI
The 10 warning signs of primary immunodeficiency include:
Secondary immunodeficiency
A loss of immune functioning (in a person with previously normal immune
function) as a result of an illness or treatment
, -Medication in order to avoid rejection of transplanted tissue
-Treatment for various types of cancer
Secondary immunodeficiency may be caused by:
-Place patient in semi-Fowler's position to optimize lung expansion
-Monitor vital signs
-Perform focused respiratory assessment
-Stay with patient to provide reassurance
-Encourage slow, deep breathing, coughing, and use of an incentive spirometer to
aid in airway clearance
-Administer supplemental oxygen and medication therapies as ordered
-Monitor effectiveness of treatment
-Monitor labs/diagnostics as ordered
Independent nursing interventions for a patient in respiratory distress include:
-Respiratory rate, rhythm, and depth
-Use of accessory muscles when breathing
-Auscultate lung sounds
-Assess for cyanosis of the tongue, oral mucosa, and skin
-Assess for cough
-Assess patient's energy level and changes in LOC
What is included in a focused respiratory assessment?
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A+ SINCLAIR
-Elevated basophils (>100 cells/mm^3)
-Elevated eosinophils (>500 cells/mm^3)
What are the WBC lab consequences of parasitic infections?
-Elevated WBC (>11,100 cells/mm^3)
-Elevated neutrophils (>8,000 cells/mm^3)
-Elevated monocytes (>700 cells/mm^3)
-Elevated B & T lymphocytes (>4,000 cells/mm^3)
What are the WBC lab consequences of bacterial or viral infections?
Implementation of pressure injury prevention measures:
-Minimize or eliminate friction & shear (sliding on sheets)
-Minimize pressure through repositioning, establish turning schedule Q2H
-Pressure-relieving devices
-Assess and manage moisture on skin surfaces
-Maintain adequate nutrition and hydration; offer protein supplements between
meals
-Elevate heels off bed
What nursing interventions are necessary for a low Braden score?
,-Intact, non-blistered skin with non-blanchable erythema or persistent redness
-An area that is painful and differs in firmness or temperature from the surrounding
tissue
Criteria for a Stage 1 pressure ulcer include:
-Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
-Involves the epidermis and/or dermis but does not extend below the level of the
dermis
-Shallow and superficial, with a pink wound bed
-Intact or ruptured blisters may be present
Criteria for a Stage 2 pressure ulcer include:
-Full-thickness skin loss
-Extends into the subcutaneous tissue but does not extend through the fascia to
muscle, bone, or connective tissue
-Undermining and tunneling may be present
Criteria for a Stage 3 pressure ulcer include:
-Full-thickness skin and tissue loss
-Deeper than stage 3; involves exposure of muscle, bone, or connective tissue
-The considerable depth of the wound and exposure of bone make osteomyelitis
likely
,Criteria for a stage 4 pressure ulcer include:
-Obscured full-thickness skin and tissue loss
-The amount of necrotic tissue (eschar) in the wound bed makes it impossible to
assess the depth of the wound or the involvement of underlying structures
-Wound cannot be staged until the necrotic tissue is removed (debrided)
Criteria for an unstageable wound include:
1.) Four or more ear infections within one year
2.) Two or more serious sinus infections within one year
3.) Failure of an infant to gain weight or grow normally
4.) Recurrent, deep skin, or organ abscesses
5.) Persistent oral thrush or fungal infections on the skin
6.) The need for IV antibiotics to clear infections
7.) Two or more deep-seated infections, including septicemia
8.) Two or more pneumonias within one year
9.)Two or more months of antibiotic use with little effect
10.) Family history of PI
The 10 warning signs of primary immunodeficiency include:
Secondary immunodeficiency
A loss of immune functioning (in a person with previously normal immune
function) as a result of an illness or treatment
, -Medication in order to avoid rejection of transplanted tissue
-Treatment for various types of cancer
Secondary immunodeficiency may be caused by:
-Place patient in semi-Fowler's position to optimize lung expansion
-Monitor vital signs
-Perform focused respiratory assessment
-Stay with patient to provide reassurance
-Encourage slow, deep breathing, coughing, and use of an incentive spirometer to
aid in airway clearance
-Administer supplemental oxygen and medication therapies as ordered
-Monitor effectiveness of treatment
-Monitor labs/diagnostics as ordered
Independent nursing interventions for a patient in respiratory distress include:
-Respiratory rate, rhythm, and depth
-Use of accessory muscles when breathing
-Auscultate lung sounds
-Assess for cyanosis of the tongue, oral mucosa, and skin
-Assess for cough
-Assess patient's energy level and changes in LOC
What is included in a focused respiratory assessment?
