NUR 242 – EXAM 2 – MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING CONCEPTS – GALEN COLLEGE OF
NURSING QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES
2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
,Core Domains*
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance*
Acid-Base Imbalances*
Cardiovascular Disorders*
Respiratory Disorders*
Endocrine Disorders (Diabetes, Thyroid)*
Gastrointestinal Disorders*
Renal and Urinary System Disorders*
Pharmacology and Medication Safety*
Introduction*
This comprehensive assessment evaluates essential medical-surgical nursing*
,knowledge and clinical decision-making skills required for competent*
practice. The exam tests understanding of pathophysiology, pharmacology,*
nursing interventions, patient education, and safety protocols across*
major body systems. All questions use multiple-choice format with*
scenario-based applications that mirror real-world clinical situations.*
Emphasis is placed on critical thinking, prioritization, and evidence-*
based interventions. Success requires mastery of assessment skills,*
regulatory compliance, ethical standards, and professional nursing*
responsibilities in medical-surgical settings.*
section one: questions 1–100
Question 1
The nurse is monitoring fluid volume status of a client with heart failure who is at risk for clinical dehydration.
Which intervention is most effective for monitoring this client's fluid status?
A. Monitor urine specific gravity once per shift
B. Assess skin turgor every 4 hours
C. Weigh the client every morning before breakfast
D. Measure oral intake each shift
, 🟢 C. Weigh the client every morning before breakfast
🔴 RATIONALE: Daily weight at the same time, same scale, and same clothing conditions is the most sensitive
indicator of overall fluid status. Weight changes reflect fluid shifts earlier and more accurately than skin turgor,
intake/output alone, or urine specific gravity, especially in heart failure clients.
Question 2
The nurse is caring for clients with fluid overload and identifies which client is at greatest risk for
complications?
. 22-year-old diagnosed with congenital heart failure at age 5
. 62-year-old recently diagnosed with hepatic cirrhosis
. 36-year-old receiving hemodialysis 3 times weekly for chronic kidney disease
A. Client 1 only
B. Client 2 only
C. Client 3 only
D. Clients 2 and 3
🟢 D. Clients 2 and 3
🔴 RATIONALE: Cirrhosis causes hypoalbuminemia and portal hypertension leading to third spacing, ascites,
and edema. CKD on hemodialysis has impaired fluid excretion and rapidly develops volume overload between
treatments. Both represent the highest fluid-overload complication risk profiles.
NURSING QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES
2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
,Core Domains*
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance*
Acid-Base Imbalances*
Cardiovascular Disorders*
Respiratory Disorders*
Endocrine Disorders (Diabetes, Thyroid)*
Gastrointestinal Disorders*
Renal and Urinary System Disorders*
Pharmacology and Medication Safety*
Introduction*
This comprehensive assessment evaluates essential medical-surgical nursing*
,knowledge and clinical decision-making skills required for competent*
practice. The exam tests understanding of pathophysiology, pharmacology,*
nursing interventions, patient education, and safety protocols across*
major body systems. All questions use multiple-choice format with*
scenario-based applications that mirror real-world clinical situations.*
Emphasis is placed on critical thinking, prioritization, and evidence-*
based interventions. Success requires mastery of assessment skills,*
regulatory compliance, ethical standards, and professional nursing*
responsibilities in medical-surgical settings.*
section one: questions 1–100
Question 1
The nurse is monitoring fluid volume status of a client with heart failure who is at risk for clinical dehydration.
Which intervention is most effective for monitoring this client's fluid status?
A. Monitor urine specific gravity once per shift
B. Assess skin turgor every 4 hours
C. Weigh the client every morning before breakfast
D. Measure oral intake each shift
, 🟢 C. Weigh the client every morning before breakfast
🔴 RATIONALE: Daily weight at the same time, same scale, and same clothing conditions is the most sensitive
indicator of overall fluid status. Weight changes reflect fluid shifts earlier and more accurately than skin turgor,
intake/output alone, or urine specific gravity, especially in heart failure clients.
Question 2
The nurse is caring for clients with fluid overload and identifies which client is at greatest risk for
complications?
. 22-year-old diagnosed with congenital heart failure at age 5
. 62-year-old recently diagnosed with hepatic cirrhosis
. 36-year-old receiving hemodialysis 3 times weekly for chronic kidney disease
A. Client 1 only
B. Client 2 only
C. Client 3 only
D. Clients 2 and 3
🟢 D. Clients 2 and 3
🔴 RATIONALE: Cirrhosis causes hypoalbuminemia and portal hypertension leading to third spacing, ascites,
and edema. CKD on hemodialysis has impaired fluid excretion and rapidly develops volume overload between
treatments. Both represent the highest fluid-overload complication risk profiles.
