NSG 122 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
Core Domains
- Foundations of Nursing Practice
- Nursing Process (ADPIE)
- Legal & Ethical Considerations
- Safety & Infection Control
- Health Assessment & Vital Signs
- Patient Education & Communication
- Cultural Competence & Spirituality
- Mobility, Immobility & Skin Integrity
- Hygiene & Personal Care
- Medication Administration Basics
Introduction
This comprehensive examination is designed to assess foundational knowledge and critical thinking skills essential
for safe, competent nursing practice at the fundamentals level. The exam evaluates understanding of the nursing
process, legal and ethical principles, infection control, basic care needs, and therapeutic communication. Each
question emphasizes real-world clinical application and clinical judgment. The format includes multiple-choice
questions, many with scenario-based prompts that require analysis and prioritization. Correct answers are verified
and followed by detailed rationales to reinforce learning. This assessment prepares students for standardized
exams and clinical decision-making in diverse healthcare settings.
,SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
Question 1
A nurse is caring for a client who reports pain as 8 on a 0–10 scale. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Administer prescribed opioid analgesic
B. Reposition the client for comfort
C. Assess the characteristics and location of the pain
D. Notify the healthcare provider
🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. The nurse must collect data about pain
characteristics before intervening.
Question 2
A client refuses to have a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs. The nurse respects this decision. Which
ethical principle is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: Autonomy respects the client’s right to make their own healthcare decisions, even if the nurse
disagrees.
,Question 3
When performing hand hygiene, which action is correct?
A. Use hot water to kill more bacteria
B. Keep hands lower than elbows during washing
C. Rub hands together for at least 5 seconds
D. Use alcohol-based hand rub if hands are visibly soiled
🟢B
🔴 RATIONALE: Keeping hands lower than elbows allows water to flow from clean to dirty areas. Soap and
friction for at least 20 seconds is recommended.
Question 4
A nurse enters a client’s room and finds them on the floor. What is the priority action?
A. Call the healthcare provider
B. Assess the client for injuries
C. Fill out an incident report
D. Help the client back to bed
🟢B
🔴 RATIONALE: The priority is to assess the client’s condition and safety before any other action.
Question 5
Which client is at highest risk for falls?
, A. 45-year-old with pneumonia
B. 70-year-old taking antihypertensives
C. 30-year-old post-appendectomy
D. 55-year-old with migraines
🟢B
🔴 RATIONALE: Older adults on antihypertensives are at risk for orthostatic hypotension and falls.
Question 6
A nurse uses the SBAR tool to communicate with a provider. What does “B” represent?
A. Background
B. Breathing
C. Baseline
D. Behavior
🟢A
🔴 RATIONALE: SBAR = Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation.
Question 7
A client with an indwelling urinary catheter develops a fever. Which nursing action is most important?
A. Increase fluid intake
B. Assess urine for cloudiness or odor
C. Notify the provider of possible infection
D. Irrigate the catheter
PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
Core Domains
- Foundations of Nursing Practice
- Nursing Process (ADPIE)
- Legal & Ethical Considerations
- Safety & Infection Control
- Health Assessment & Vital Signs
- Patient Education & Communication
- Cultural Competence & Spirituality
- Mobility, Immobility & Skin Integrity
- Hygiene & Personal Care
- Medication Administration Basics
Introduction
This comprehensive examination is designed to assess foundational knowledge and critical thinking skills essential
for safe, competent nursing practice at the fundamentals level. The exam evaluates understanding of the nursing
process, legal and ethical principles, infection control, basic care needs, and therapeutic communication. Each
question emphasizes real-world clinical application and clinical judgment. The format includes multiple-choice
questions, many with scenario-based prompts that require analysis and prioritization. Correct answers are verified
and followed by detailed rationales to reinforce learning. This assessment prepares students for standardized
exams and clinical decision-making in diverse healthcare settings.
,SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
Question 1
A nurse is caring for a client who reports pain as 8 on a 0–10 scale. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Administer prescribed opioid analgesic
B. Reposition the client for comfort
C. Assess the characteristics and location of the pain
D. Notify the healthcare provider
🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. The nurse must collect data about pain
characteristics before intervening.
Question 2
A client refuses to have a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs. The nurse respects this decision. Which
ethical principle is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: Autonomy respects the client’s right to make their own healthcare decisions, even if the nurse
disagrees.
,Question 3
When performing hand hygiene, which action is correct?
A. Use hot water to kill more bacteria
B. Keep hands lower than elbows during washing
C. Rub hands together for at least 5 seconds
D. Use alcohol-based hand rub if hands are visibly soiled
🟢B
🔴 RATIONALE: Keeping hands lower than elbows allows water to flow from clean to dirty areas. Soap and
friction for at least 20 seconds is recommended.
Question 4
A nurse enters a client’s room and finds them on the floor. What is the priority action?
A. Call the healthcare provider
B. Assess the client for injuries
C. Fill out an incident report
D. Help the client back to bed
🟢B
🔴 RATIONALE: The priority is to assess the client’s condition and safety before any other action.
Question 5
Which client is at highest risk for falls?
, A. 45-year-old with pneumonia
B. 70-year-old taking antihypertensives
C. 30-year-old post-appendectomy
D. 55-year-old with migraines
🟢B
🔴 RATIONALE: Older adults on antihypertensives are at risk for orthostatic hypotension and falls.
Question 6
A nurse uses the SBAR tool to communicate with a provider. What does “B” represent?
A. Background
B. Breathing
C. Baseline
D. Behavior
🟢A
🔴 RATIONALE: SBAR = Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation.
Question 7
A client with an indwelling urinary catheter develops a fever. Which nursing action is most important?
A. Increase fluid intake
B. Assess urine for cloudiness or odor
C. Notify the provider of possible infection
D. Irrigate the catheter
