GSEC ACTUAL PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
●● Logical Topology.
Answer: Gives the description for the physical layout, shows VLAN's
and where they are placed on the physical topology
●● Trunk Port.
Answer: Connects packets that travel to all VLAN's on a switch
●● Baseband Systems.
Answer: Transmits one signal on the medium (fiber, copper, etc)
●● Broadband.
Answer: Form of multiplexing to join multiple signals on a medium
●● Ethernet.
Answer: Designed as baseband system that can be used in multiplexing
●● CSMA/CD.
Answer: Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Detection
,●● Unicast.
Answer: Broadcast for a single device
●● Multicast.
Answer: Broadcast for a specific group or multiple devices
●● Broadcast.
Answer: Message for everyone to receive and process
●● Hub.
Answer: Broadcasts packets to every single port
●● Switch.
Answer: Broadcasts packets to device found on a singular port
●● Content Addressable Memory (CAM).
Answer: Is a table that contains the MAC address and port associated to
that MAC Address
●● Virtual LAN (VLAN).
Answer: Splitting a switch in which certain ports can only talk to certain
ports (Segment networks within a switch)
,●● Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS).
Answer: A different way of switching packets that can be used on a
dedicated line
●● 802.1x.
Answer: Network Access Control that is a layer 2 authentication
(Credentialed Question of 2FA)
●● A security appliance should be set in place when.
Answer: There is a change in trust level in the network
●● Protocol.
Answer: is an agreement or rules of engagement for how computer
networks communicate
●● OSI Protocol Stack (7).
Answer: Layer 7) Application
Layer 6) Presentation
Layer 5) Session
Layer 4) Transport
Layer 3) Network
Layer 2) Data Link
Layer 1) Physical
, ●● Application Layer 7 OSI Stack.
Answer: Browsers, FTP, HTTP, SCP
●● Presentation Layer 6 OSI Stack.
Answer: Makes data presentable to the application or user (ASCII)
●● Session Layer 5 OSI Stack.
Answer: Handles the establishment/maintenance of connections between
systems
●● Transport Layer 4 OSI Stack.
Answer: Determines that application the packet should be sent to
through port numbers (Web on 80,443)
●● Network Layer 3 OSI Stack.
Answer: Moving packets from one network to another network, uses
logical addressing instead of physical addressing
●● Data Link Layer 2 OSI Stack.
Answer: Takes a packet and frames it suitable for transmission
●● Physical Layer 1 OSI Stack.
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
●● Logical Topology.
Answer: Gives the description for the physical layout, shows VLAN's
and where they are placed on the physical topology
●● Trunk Port.
Answer: Connects packets that travel to all VLAN's on a switch
●● Baseband Systems.
Answer: Transmits one signal on the medium (fiber, copper, etc)
●● Broadband.
Answer: Form of multiplexing to join multiple signals on a medium
●● Ethernet.
Answer: Designed as baseband system that can be used in multiplexing
●● CSMA/CD.
Answer: Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Detection
,●● Unicast.
Answer: Broadcast for a single device
●● Multicast.
Answer: Broadcast for a specific group or multiple devices
●● Broadcast.
Answer: Message for everyone to receive and process
●● Hub.
Answer: Broadcasts packets to every single port
●● Switch.
Answer: Broadcasts packets to device found on a singular port
●● Content Addressable Memory (CAM).
Answer: Is a table that contains the MAC address and port associated to
that MAC Address
●● Virtual LAN (VLAN).
Answer: Splitting a switch in which certain ports can only talk to certain
ports (Segment networks within a switch)
,●● Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS).
Answer: A different way of switching packets that can be used on a
dedicated line
●● 802.1x.
Answer: Network Access Control that is a layer 2 authentication
(Credentialed Question of 2FA)
●● A security appliance should be set in place when.
Answer: There is a change in trust level in the network
●● Protocol.
Answer: is an agreement or rules of engagement for how computer
networks communicate
●● OSI Protocol Stack (7).
Answer: Layer 7) Application
Layer 6) Presentation
Layer 5) Session
Layer 4) Transport
Layer 3) Network
Layer 2) Data Link
Layer 1) Physical
, ●● Application Layer 7 OSI Stack.
Answer: Browsers, FTP, HTTP, SCP
●● Presentation Layer 6 OSI Stack.
Answer: Makes data presentable to the application or user (ASCII)
●● Session Layer 5 OSI Stack.
Answer: Handles the establishment/maintenance of connections between
systems
●● Transport Layer 4 OSI Stack.
Answer: Determines that application the packet should be sent to
through port numbers (Web on 80,443)
●● Network Layer 3 OSI Stack.
Answer: Moving packets from one network to another network, uses
logical addressing instead of physical addressing
●● Data Link Layer 2 OSI Stack.
Answer: Takes a packet and frames it suitable for transmission
●● Physical Layer 1 OSI Stack.
