Substance Use and Abuse – Exam 1 Practice Test (Chapters 1–5) Study Guide & Review
Questions
insiders - correct answer ✔✔People who approve of and/or use drugs
outsiders - correct answer ✔✔People who don't approve or use
Prescription
OTC
Recreational
Illicit
Herbal
Commercial - correct answer ✔✔6 Major Categories of Drug Use
gateway - correct answer ✔✔Some drugs are considered _____________
Cannabis (Marijuana/Hashish)
Narcotics= RX (Oxy, Vicodin, Percocet)
Depressants= RX (Xanax, Valium, also alcohol)
Stimulants=RX (Adderall, Ritalin, Dexedrine, also includes Meth, Cocaine, Caffeine, Nicotine)
Inhalants (Bath Salts, Glue, Paint thinner, gas)
Hallucinogens (LSD, Ecstasy, PCP)
Synthetic Drugs (Steroids) - correct answer ✔✔Expanded categories
Experimenters
Compulsive Users
,Floaters/Chippers - correct answer ✔✔Types of drug users
relief-->increased use-->preoccupation-->dependency-->withdrawal-->relief - correct answer
✔✔Stages of drug dependence
addiction - correct answer ✔✔A state of periodic or chronic toxication detrimental to the
individual and society, which is characterized by an overwhelming desire to continue taking the
drug and to obtain it by any means.
Compulsive
Uncontrollable
Seeking
Craving
physical dependence - correct answer ✔✔Body's need to constantly have the drug
psychological dependence - correct answer ✔✔mental inability to stop using the drug
substance abuse - correct answer ✔✔Maladaptive, leading to recurrent adverse consequences
or impairment
substance dependence - correct answer ✔✔True addiction, continued use despite significant
substance-related problems
tolerance - correct answer ✔✔Need for increased amounts or diminished effect of same
amount
withdrawal - correct answer ✔✔The experience of a characteristic _________ symptom for the
specific substance
,compulsive behavior - correct answer ✔✔Increasing amount of time spent in substance-related
activities, such as obtaining, using, etc.
Models - correct answer ✔✔Moral Model
Disease Model
Personality Predisposition Model
Career/Steps Addiction Model
Biological Model
Age related
Social , Cultural, Biological, Personality Related - correct answer ✔✔Risk Factors for Addiction
Age related: adolescents - correct answer ✔✔Peer Norms
Teenage Risk Taking
Use perceived as glamorous
Right of passage into adulthood
Age related: middle-aged - correct answer ✔✔Loss of role
Loss of positive body image
Illness
Loss of parents, divorce, etc.
Social , Cultural, Biological, Personality Related - correct answer ✔✔Low Self Esteem
Mood disorders
PTSD
, Unresolved grief or rage
Peer norms
Parental model with drug use
Alientation
Genetic and Biophysiological
Psychological Explanation of Addiction
Sociological Theories of Explanation - correct answer ✔✔Theoretical Explanations of Addiction
Genetic and Biophysiological - correct answer ✔✔Emphasize that the CNS reward sensors in
some people are more sensitive to drugs, making the experience more pleasant
Theory of thought assume these substances exert psychoactive effects by altering brain
chemistry
Generally believed that most drugs with abuse potential enhance pleasure centers in the brain
by causing the release of neurotransmitters like dopamine- get used to this and have cravings
for more
Psychological Explanation of Addiction - correct answer ✔✔Mental and Emotional States
Focus more on how the internal states of the drug user are affected by social relationships
within families, peers, etc.
Escape from reality
Boredom
Inability to cope with anxiety
Self destructive behavior
Social Learning Theory, Habituation, and Addiction to Pleasure Theory also can help to explain
Sociological Theories of Explanation - correct answer ✔✔Focus on how factors external to the
drug user affect drug use
Questions
insiders - correct answer ✔✔People who approve of and/or use drugs
outsiders - correct answer ✔✔People who don't approve or use
Prescription
OTC
Recreational
Illicit
Herbal
Commercial - correct answer ✔✔6 Major Categories of Drug Use
gateway - correct answer ✔✔Some drugs are considered _____________
Cannabis (Marijuana/Hashish)
Narcotics= RX (Oxy, Vicodin, Percocet)
Depressants= RX (Xanax, Valium, also alcohol)
Stimulants=RX (Adderall, Ritalin, Dexedrine, also includes Meth, Cocaine, Caffeine, Nicotine)
Inhalants (Bath Salts, Glue, Paint thinner, gas)
Hallucinogens (LSD, Ecstasy, PCP)
Synthetic Drugs (Steroids) - correct answer ✔✔Expanded categories
Experimenters
Compulsive Users
,Floaters/Chippers - correct answer ✔✔Types of drug users
relief-->increased use-->preoccupation-->dependency-->withdrawal-->relief - correct answer
✔✔Stages of drug dependence
addiction - correct answer ✔✔A state of periodic or chronic toxication detrimental to the
individual and society, which is characterized by an overwhelming desire to continue taking the
drug and to obtain it by any means.
Compulsive
Uncontrollable
Seeking
Craving
physical dependence - correct answer ✔✔Body's need to constantly have the drug
psychological dependence - correct answer ✔✔mental inability to stop using the drug
substance abuse - correct answer ✔✔Maladaptive, leading to recurrent adverse consequences
or impairment
substance dependence - correct answer ✔✔True addiction, continued use despite significant
substance-related problems
tolerance - correct answer ✔✔Need for increased amounts or diminished effect of same
amount
withdrawal - correct answer ✔✔The experience of a characteristic _________ symptom for the
specific substance
,compulsive behavior - correct answer ✔✔Increasing amount of time spent in substance-related
activities, such as obtaining, using, etc.
Models - correct answer ✔✔Moral Model
Disease Model
Personality Predisposition Model
Career/Steps Addiction Model
Biological Model
Age related
Social , Cultural, Biological, Personality Related - correct answer ✔✔Risk Factors for Addiction
Age related: adolescents - correct answer ✔✔Peer Norms
Teenage Risk Taking
Use perceived as glamorous
Right of passage into adulthood
Age related: middle-aged - correct answer ✔✔Loss of role
Loss of positive body image
Illness
Loss of parents, divorce, etc.
Social , Cultural, Biological, Personality Related - correct answer ✔✔Low Self Esteem
Mood disorders
PTSD
, Unresolved grief or rage
Peer norms
Parental model with drug use
Alientation
Genetic and Biophysiological
Psychological Explanation of Addiction
Sociological Theories of Explanation - correct answer ✔✔Theoretical Explanations of Addiction
Genetic and Biophysiological - correct answer ✔✔Emphasize that the CNS reward sensors in
some people are more sensitive to drugs, making the experience more pleasant
Theory of thought assume these substances exert psychoactive effects by altering brain
chemistry
Generally believed that most drugs with abuse potential enhance pleasure centers in the brain
by causing the release of neurotransmitters like dopamine- get used to this and have cravings
for more
Psychological Explanation of Addiction - correct answer ✔✔Mental and Emotional States
Focus more on how the internal states of the drug user are affected by social relationships
within families, peers, etc.
Escape from reality
Boredom
Inability to cope with anxiety
Self destructive behavior
Social Learning Theory, Habituation, and Addiction to Pleasure Theory also can help to explain
Sociological Theories of Explanation - correct answer ✔✔Focus on how factors external to the
drug user affect drug use
