5/24/26, 6:45 PM Renal - Acid/Base — Test
Renal Physiology Test Acid-Base
& Electrolyte Balance Review
Questions & Answers
Incorrect Skipped 0 Correct
https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 1/33
,5/24/26, 6:45 PM Renal - Acid/Base — Test
QUESTION
Buffers in the body (1 major, 3 minor)
Major: Bicarbonate. Minor: Hemoglobins, Proteins,
Phosphates.
QUESTION
3 Major clinical elements to deQuestionining
Acid/Base Disorder
Hx & PE, ABG, Plasma chemistries
QUESTION
Where does reabsorption of HCO3- primarily occur?
Proximal tubule
QUESTION
https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 2/33
,5/24/26, 6:45 PM Renal - Acid/Base — Test
A Hx and PE on a female is incomplete unless it contains
Date of last menstrual period.
QUESTION
ADH: Response to, Location of Action, Effects
Secreted from posterior pituitary in response to ANGII
(partly). Acts to vasoconstrict systemically,
upregulates AP2s in collecting ducts increasing H2O
reabsorption. Net Result: Increased BP, increased H2O
reabsorption.
QUESTION
Describe distal nephron H+ secretion and basolateral
HCO3- reabsorption.
https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 3/33
, 5/24/26, 6:45 PM Renal - Acid/Base — Test
H+ secretion is primarily performed by aldosterone
sensitive H+/ATPase pump. It can also be secreted via
H+/K+ ATPase countertransport. HCO3- is transported
out basolaterally via HCO3-/Cl- exchanger (secondary
active).
QUESTION
DeQuestionining types of Metabolic alkalosis
Check urine Cl-. If low (< 20) it is chloride responsive. If
high (> 30) it is chloride-unresponsive.
QUESTION
How to calculate the anion gap
Find the sum of all important extracellular electrolyte
charges (Na+ - (Cl- + HCO3-))
QUESTION
How do you tell if it is metabolic or respiratory?
https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 4/33
Renal Physiology Test Acid-Base
& Electrolyte Balance Review
Questions & Answers
Incorrect Skipped 0 Correct
https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 1/33
,5/24/26, 6:45 PM Renal - Acid/Base — Test
QUESTION
Buffers in the body (1 major, 3 minor)
Major: Bicarbonate. Minor: Hemoglobins, Proteins,
Phosphates.
QUESTION
3 Major clinical elements to deQuestionining
Acid/Base Disorder
Hx & PE, ABG, Plasma chemistries
QUESTION
Where does reabsorption of HCO3- primarily occur?
Proximal tubule
QUESTION
https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 2/33
,5/24/26, 6:45 PM Renal - Acid/Base — Test
A Hx and PE on a female is incomplete unless it contains
Date of last menstrual period.
QUESTION
ADH: Response to, Location of Action, Effects
Secreted from posterior pituitary in response to ANGII
(partly). Acts to vasoconstrict systemically,
upregulates AP2s in collecting ducts increasing H2O
reabsorption. Net Result: Increased BP, increased H2O
reabsorption.
QUESTION
Describe distal nephron H+ secretion and basolateral
HCO3- reabsorption.
https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 3/33
, 5/24/26, 6:45 PM Renal - Acid/Base — Test
H+ secretion is primarily performed by aldosterone
sensitive H+/ATPase pump. It can also be secreted via
H+/K+ ATPase countertransport. HCO3- is transported
out basolaterally via HCO3-/Cl- exchanger (secondary
active).
QUESTION
DeQuestionining types of Metabolic alkalosis
Check urine Cl-. If low (< 20) it is chloride responsive. If
high (> 30) it is chloride-unresponsive.
QUESTION
How to calculate the anion gap
Find the sum of all important extracellular electrolyte
charges (Na+ - (Cl- + HCO3-))
QUESTION
How do you tell if it is metabolic or respiratory?
https://www.q&a.com/test/renal-acid-base-7592600/test 4/33
