DNA: THE CODE OF LIFE
Exam guidelines:
, Basic Cell structure:
Nucleic acids - polymers (very large organic molecules)
● Functions - store the info that controls cellular activity and the specialisation of cells
to form tissues and the arrangement of tissues. Control the synthesis of proteins
● Types of nucleic acids:
1. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
a. Nuclear DNA - found in the nucleus (chromatin makes up the genes on the
chromosome)
b. Extranuclear DNA - mitochondrial DNA/ mtDNA, present in the mitochondria (traces
the inheritance of the X chromosome)
2. Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
- Ribosomes - cytoplasm or rough ER
Exam guidelines:
, Basic Cell structure:
Nucleic acids - polymers (very large organic molecules)
● Functions - store the info that controls cellular activity and the specialisation of cells
to form tissues and the arrangement of tissues. Control the synthesis of proteins
● Types of nucleic acids:
1. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
a. Nuclear DNA - found in the nucleus (chromatin makes up the genes on the
chromosome)
b. Extranuclear DNA - mitochondrial DNA/ mtDNA, present in the mitochondria (traces
the inheritance of the X chromosome)
2. Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
- Ribosomes - cytoplasm or rough ER
