PSY 352 EXAM #2 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS
The _______ is a theory-driven method of empirical research in scientific investigation -
Answers - deductive reasoning approach
The bottom-up, data driven method of empirical research is known as the _______. -
Answers - inductive reasoning approach
According to Charles Darwin, the process of _____ provides an advantage in the
competition of desirable mates. - Answers - sexual selection
According to Charles Darwin ______ _______ refers to a form of sexual selection in
which members of the same sex compete with each other, and the outcome of their
contest gives the winner greater sexual access to members of the opposite sex. -
Answers - intrasexual competition
Characteristics that members of a particular sex prefer evolve because those who
possess them ______. - Answers - are chosen more often as mates.
The 3 evolutionary perspectives on emotions by Edman, Ketelarr, and Sell, hinge on the
proposition that they are _____. - Answers - universal
Hogan argues that the most basic human motivators are _____. - Answers - status and
acceptance by a group
Distress or worry about being negatively evaluated in social situations is known as
_____ ______. - Answers - social anxiety
Two stags locking horns in combat is the prototypical image of.... - Answers -
intrasexual competition
Early father presence - Answers - predispose individuals toward a long-term mating
strategy, marked by delayed sexual maturation; a later onset of sexual activity; a search
for long-term, securely attached adults relationships; and heavy investment in a small
number of children
Early father absence - Answers - cultivate a sexual strategy marked by early sexual
maturation, early sexual initiation, and frequent partner switching -- a strategy designed
to produce a larger number of offspring
,Evolutionary perspective - Answers - - it is not possible to go back in time and
determine with absolute certainty what the precise selective forces of human have been
- is it untestable and hence unfalsifiable
- it assumed that modern conditions are similar to ancestral conditions
High-K individuals - Answers - hypothesized to have formed strong attachments to their
biological parents, avoid risk taking that would imperil survival, pursue long-term mating
rather than short-term mating, and invest heavily in children
Low-K individuals - Answers - hypothesized to have formed weaker attachments to their
biological parents, have a risk taking personality, pressure short-term mating, and invest
little in their children
Men.... - Answers - predicted to become more jealous in response to cues to a sexual
infidelity
Women... - Answers - predicted to become more jealous in response to cues in the
longer term diversion of a mate's commitment
Balancing Selection - Answers - occurs when genetic variation is maintained by
selection because different levels on a trait dimension are adaptive in different
environments
Adaptations are presumed to be ______ in the sense that they are designed by the
evolutionary process to solve a particular adaptive problem. - Answers - domain specific
Evolutionary psychologists have predicted that men and women differ in ______. -
Answers - the qualities they desire in a long-term mate
The process of natural selection is sometimes called - Answers - survival selection
Toby has a muscular body build and has the option of choosing either an aggressive or
cooperative strategy in his social interactions. He believes that an aggressive strategy
will be more successful one to pursue due to his body build. Toby's tendency toward
aggression is _____ ____ - Answers - reactively heritable
According to evolutionary-predicted sex differences, males, unlikes females, have a
much higher.... - Answers - ceiling on reproduction
The process of _____ ______ ______ is defined by reproductive success relative to
others. - Answers - differential gene reproduction
An adaptation must facilitate the solution to an.... - Answers - adaptive problem
, T or F: To an evolutionary psychologist, the likelihood that the sexes are psychologically
identical in domains in which they have recurrently confronted different adaptive
problems is extremely high - Answers - false
If one sex because rare relative to the other, evolution will produce an increase in the
number of the rare sex, that is, ______ ______ _____ causes the frequency of men and
women to remain roughly equal. - Answers - frequency-dependentn selection
The primary products of the selective process are _____. - Answers - adaptations
Brain search suggests that ____ is mediated by components of the physical pain
system - Answers - social exclusion
According to the ____ approach, individual have evolved difference in the effort they
allocate to reproductively relevant problems, such as survival, mating, and parents -
Answers - life history strategy
The fear of stranger is known as - Answers - xenophobia
The _____ would enable a women to assess a man's level of commitment, detect the
existence of prior commitments to other women or children, and simultaneously signal
to the man her sexual fidelity. - Answers - restricted sexual strategy
According to the evolutionary psychological theories, the members of the sex that invest
less in offspring are predicted to be more inclined to _____. - Answers - seek multiple
mates
The process of natural selection led Charles to focus on the events that impede survival
which he called the _____. - Answers - hostile forces of nature
Paul Ekman is a psychologist who i most famous for studying ________? - Answers -
basic emotions
Which of the following is NOT one of the basic emotions?
- fear
- happiness
- disgust
- empathy - Answers - empathy
Which of the following adaptations is the best example of evolution at the population
level? - Answers - the need to belong
In a test of kin selection that was presented in class, Burnsteirn and colleagues (1994)
tested how another relatives ages influences the likelihood that you will help them.
ANSWERS
The _______ is a theory-driven method of empirical research in scientific investigation -
Answers - deductive reasoning approach
The bottom-up, data driven method of empirical research is known as the _______. -
Answers - inductive reasoning approach
According to Charles Darwin, the process of _____ provides an advantage in the
competition of desirable mates. - Answers - sexual selection
According to Charles Darwin ______ _______ refers to a form of sexual selection in
which members of the same sex compete with each other, and the outcome of their
contest gives the winner greater sexual access to members of the opposite sex. -
Answers - intrasexual competition
Characteristics that members of a particular sex prefer evolve because those who
possess them ______. - Answers - are chosen more often as mates.
The 3 evolutionary perspectives on emotions by Edman, Ketelarr, and Sell, hinge on the
proposition that they are _____. - Answers - universal
Hogan argues that the most basic human motivators are _____. - Answers - status and
acceptance by a group
Distress or worry about being negatively evaluated in social situations is known as
_____ ______. - Answers - social anxiety
Two stags locking horns in combat is the prototypical image of.... - Answers -
intrasexual competition
Early father presence - Answers - predispose individuals toward a long-term mating
strategy, marked by delayed sexual maturation; a later onset of sexual activity; a search
for long-term, securely attached adults relationships; and heavy investment in a small
number of children
Early father absence - Answers - cultivate a sexual strategy marked by early sexual
maturation, early sexual initiation, and frequent partner switching -- a strategy designed
to produce a larger number of offspring
,Evolutionary perspective - Answers - - it is not possible to go back in time and
determine with absolute certainty what the precise selective forces of human have been
- is it untestable and hence unfalsifiable
- it assumed that modern conditions are similar to ancestral conditions
High-K individuals - Answers - hypothesized to have formed strong attachments to their
biological parents, avoid risk taking that would imperil survival, pursue long-term mating
rather than short-term mating, and invest heavily in children
Low-K individuals - Answers - hypothesized to have formed weaker attachments to their
biological parents, have a risk taking personality, pressure short-term mating, and invest
little in their children
Men.... - Answers - predicted to become more jealous in response to cues to a sexual
infidelity
Women... - Answers - predicted to become more jealous in response to cues in the
longer term diversion of a mate's commitment
Balancing Selection - Answers - occurs when genetic variation is maintained by
selection because different levels on a trait dimension are adaptive in different
environments
Adaptations are presumed to be ______ in the sense that they are designed by the
evolutionary process to solve a particular adaptive problem. - Answers - domain specific
Evolutionary psychologists have predicted that men and women differ in ______. -
Answers - the qualities they desire in a long-term mate
The process of natural selection is sometimes called - Answers - survival selection
Toby has a muscular body build and has the option of choosing either an aggressive or
cooperative strategy in his social interactions. He believes that an aggressive strategy
will be more successful one to pursue due to his body build. Toby's tendency toward
aggression is _____ ____ - Answers - reactively heritable
According to evolutionary-predicted sex differences, males, unlikes females, have a
much higher.... - Answers - ceiling on reproduction
The process of _____ ______ ______ is defined by reproductive success relative to
others. - Answers - differential gene reproduction
An adaptation must facilitate the solution to an.... - Answers - adaptive problem
, T or F: To an evolutionary psychologist, the likelihood that the sexes are psychologically
identical in domains in which they have recurrently confronted different adaptive
problems is extremely high - Answers - false
If one sex because rare relative to the other, evolution will produce an increase in the
number of the rare sex, that is, ______ ______ _____ causes the frequency of men and
women to remain roughly equal. - Answers - frequency-dependentn selection
The primary products of the selective process are _____. - Answers - adaptations
Brain search suggests that ____ is mediated by components of the physical pain
system - Answers - social exclusion
According to the ____ approach, individual have evolved difference in the effort they
allocate to reproductively relevant problems, such as survival, mating, and parents -
Answers - life history strategy
The fear of stranger is known as - Answers - xenophobia
The _____ would enable a women to assess a man's level of commitment, detect the
existence of prior commitments to other women or children, and simultaneously signal
to the man her sexual fidelity. - Answers - restricted sexual strategy
According to the evolutionary psychological theories, the members of the sex that invest
less in offspring are predicted to be more inclined to _____. - Answers - seek multiple
mates
The process of natural selection led Charles to focus on the events that impede survival
which he called the _____. - Answers - hostile forces of nature
Paul Ekman is a psychologist who i most famous for studying ________? - Answers -
basic emotions
Which of the following is NOT one of the basic emotions?
- fear
- happiness
- disgust
- empathy - Answers - empathy
Which of the following adaptations is the best example of evolution at the population
level? - Answers - the need to belong
In a test of kin selection that was presented in class, Burnsteirn and colleagues (1994)
tested how another relatives ages influences the likelihood that you will help them.
