FNP 2 Module 1: Common Eye
Problems with complete questions
and full revised solutions
An inflammation of the cornea - Correct Answer: keratitis
What is the treatment for a subconjunctival hemorrhage? - Correct Answer: there is really no treatment.
Heals on it's own over 2 weeks.
What are some possible causes of a subconjunctival hemorrhage? - Correct Answer: violent coughing,
sneezing, vomiting, increased intraocular pressure
If a patient comes in with a subconjunctival hemorrhage, what is a crucial question you should ask when
taking the history? - Correct Answer: are they on any blood thinners? If so, you're going to want to check
their PT/INR
What comorbid conditions may give you some insight as to what may be causing particular eye
problems for a patient? Ask about these conditions while taking a family history as well. - Correct
Answer: diabetes, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, coronary artery disease, renal disease,
autoimmune disorders
When taking a family history for a patient presenting with an eye problem, what are some eye-related
conditions you'd want to ask about a family history of? - Correct Answer: glaucoma, cataracts, macular
degeneration
Visual acuity is best assessed via a _________. - Correct Answer: Snellen chart
What dos 20/80 vision mean? - Correct Answer: The person tested identifies letters at 20 feet, what the
average person can identify at 80 feet
Other than visual acuity, what other visual abnormalities can a Snellen chart assess for? - Correct
Answer: color blindness by asking a patient to identify red vs. green
,Evaluation of near vision is best assessed via the use of a _________. - Correct Answer: Jagger chart
Near vision is also known as what? - Correct Answer: reading vision
When using a Jagger chart, how far should the patient hold it away from their eye? - Correct Answer: 12-
14 inches
How can we evaluate for color discrimination? - Correct Answer: can be done via the Snellen chart with
a red and green line, OR can be done using the Ishihara
What is the Ishihara? - Correct Answer: a book that comes with 38 different plates, and is used as a way
to evaluate lots of different types of color blindness. You give them a circle and ask them to identify the
number that's within it.
What type of occupation must pass a color discrimination test before being hired? - Correct Answer: The
Department of Transportation requires this for any individual whose going to be driving a truck or
operating machinery
The medical term for unequal sized pupils - Correct Answer: anisocoria
Physiologic or simple anisocoria occurs in _____% of the population - Correct Answer: 20
When should anisocoria be concerning on a physical examination? - Correct Answer: when the
difference between the two pupils is small; usually less than 0.5mm but can be up to 1mm in difference
before we'll really be concerned
A visual field evaluation assesses what function of the eyes? - Correct Answer: peripheral vision
Explain the cover-uncover test. - Correct Answer: The patient has one eye covered and while it's
covered, that eye should not drift. This is assessing extraocular muscle function.
, How do we assess intraocular pressure? - Correct Answer: Trick question; we don't! This is normally
done in optometry or ophthalmology. We do not normally have the required devices to do this in
Primary Care.
Why is it helpful to dim the lights when performing an ophthalmoscopic exam? - Correct Answer: It
helps the pupils dilate so that you can have a better exam
We should not perform vision screening in a child before age ______. Why? - Correct Answer: 3;
because it takes a while for the eyes to mature and actually develop 20/20 vision. Visual acuity begins to
sharpen around 6 months but it can take up to age 4-5 to get 20/20 vision.
If an individual wears corrective lenses, even just to read or drive, they should be having _____ eye
exams - Correct Answer: yearly
The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends a comprehensive eye exam every 1-2 years
starting at age _____. So by this age, a patient should be seeing an ophthalmologist annually. - Correct
Answer: 65
If a patient is diabetic, they should have a yearly ________ eye exam. - Correct Answer: dilated
If a patient has type 2 DM, how often should they get eye exams? - Correct Answer: at the time of
diagnosis, and then every year after. This is because by the time type 2 diabetics are diagnosed, they
usually have some type of damage already.
If a patient has type 1 DM, how often should they get eye exams? - Correct Answer: 3-5 years after
diagnosis, and then every year after that
When should pregnant diabetics be screened for eye problems? - Correct Answer: before conception
and then also during the first trimester
Premature infants have a higher risk of _________. - Correct Answer: retinopathy
Problems with complete questions
and full revised solutions
An inflammation of the cornea - Correct Answer: keratitis
What is the treatment for a subconjunctival hemorrhage? - Correct Answer: there is really no treatment.
Heals on it's own over 2 weeks.
What are some possible causes of a subconjunctival hemorrhage? - Correct Answer: violent coughing,
sneezing, vomiting, increased intraocular pressure
If a patient comes in with a subconjunctival hemorrhage, what is a crucial question you should ask when
taking the history? - Correct Answer: are they on any blood thinners? If so, you're going to want to check
their PT/INR
What comorbid conditions may give you some insight as to what may be causing particular eye
problems for a patient? Ask about these conditions while taking a family history as well. - Correct
Answer: diabetes, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, coronary artery disease, renal disease,
autoimmune disorders
When taking a family history for a patient presenting with an eye problem, what are some eye-related
conditions you'd want to ask about a family history of? - Correct Answer: glaucoma, cataracts, macular
degeneration
Visual acuity is best assessed via a _________. - Correct Answer: Snellen chart
What dos 20/80 vision mean? - Correct Answer: The person tested identifies letters at 20 feet, what the
average person can identify at 80 feet
Other than visual acuity, what other visual abnormalities can a Snellen chart assess for? - Correct
Answer: color blindness by asking a patient to identify red vs. green
,Evaluation of near vision is best assessed via the use of a _________. - Correct Answer: Jagger chart
Near vision is also known as what? - Correct Answer: reading vision
When using a Jagger chart, how far should the patient hold it away from their eye? - Correct Answer: 12-
14 inches
How can we evaluate for color discrimination? - Correct Answer: can be done via the Snellen chart with
a red and green line, OR can be done using the Ishihara
What is the Ishihara? - Correct Answer: a book that comes with 38 different plates, and is used as a way
to evaluate lots of different types of color blindness. You give them a circle and ask them to identify the
number that's within it.
What type of occupation must pass a color discrimination test before being hired? - Correct Answer: The
Department of Transportation requires this for any individual whose going to be driving a truck or
operating machinery
The medical term for unequal sized pupils - Correct Answer: anisocoria
Physiologic or simple anisocoria occurs in _____% of the population - Correct Answer: 20
When should anisocoria be concerning on a physical examination? - Correct Answer: when the
difference between the two pupils is small; usually less than 0.5mm but can be up to 1mm in difference
before we'll really be concerned
A visual field evaluation assesses what function of the eyes? - Correct Answer: peripheral vision
Explain the cover-uncover test. - Correct Answer: The patient has one eye covered and while it's
covered, that eye should not drift. This is assessing extraocular muscle function.
, How do we assess intraocular pressure? - Correct Answer: Trick question; we don't! This is normally
done in optometry or ophthalmology. We do not normally have the required devices to do this in
Primary Care.
Why is it helpful to dim the lights when performing an ophthalmoscopic exam? - Correct Answer: It
helps the pupils dilate so that you can have a better exam
We should not perform vision screening in a child before age ______. Why? - Correct Answer: 3;
because it takes a while for the eyes to mature and actually develop 20/20 vision. Visual acuity begins to
sharpen around 6 months but it can take up to age 4-5 to get 20/20 vision.
If an individual wears corrective lenses, even just to read or drive, they should be having _____ eye
exams - Correct Answer: yearly
The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends a comprehensive eye exam every 1-2 years
starting at age _____. So by this age, a patient should be seeing an ophthalmologist annually. - Correct
Answer: 65
If a patient is diabetic, they should have a yearly ________ eye exam. - Correct Answer: dilated
If a patient has type 2 DM, how often should they get eye exams? - Correct Answer: at the time of
diagnosis, and then every year after. This is because by the time type 2 diabetics are diagnosed, they
usually have some type of damage already.
If a patient has type 1 DM, how often should they get eye exams? - Correct Answer: 3-5 years after
diagnosis, and then every year after that
When should pregnant diabetics be screened for eye problems? - Correct Answer: before conception
and then also during the first trimester
Premature infants have a higher risk of _________. - Correct Answer: retinopathy
