AI Ethics and Governance- 2026/2027 Official Study Guide (Practice Questions)

1. Which regulatory framework, fully enforced by 2026, categorizes AI systems into risk levels? A) The Algorithmic Accountability Act B) The EU AI Act C) The IEEE Global Initiative D) The NIST AI Risk Management Framework Correct Answer: B 2. In 2027 governance, what does "Human-in-the-loop" (HITL) refer to? A) Humans providing electricity for data centers B) Human intervention required at key decision points C) Humans acting as the primary data source D) Replacing AI with human workers Correct Answer: B 3. What is the primary ethical concern regarding "Agentic AI" in 2026? A) High subscription costs B) Loss of meaningful human control and accountability C) Lack of internet connectivity D) Excessive use of GPU memory Correct Answer: B 4. Which term describes an AI model trained on AI-generated data, leading to a decline in quality? A) Data Enrichment B) Model Collapse C) Algorithmic Superiority D) Recursive Improvement Correct Answer: B 5. In 2026/2027, "Watermarking" is primarily used for what purpose? A) To increase the price of the AI model B) To identify content as being generated or altered by AI C) To protect hardware from overheating D) To speed up the AI process Correct Answer: B 6. What does "Explainable AI" (XAI) aim to solve? A) The "Black Box" problem where AI logic is opaque B) The high cost of cloud storage C) The limited battery life of mobile devices D) The speed of data transmission Correct Answer: A 7. Which ethical principle ensures AI systems do not reinforce societal prejudices? A) Efficiency B) Fairness and Non-discrimination C) Profitability D) Scalability Correct Answer: B 8. In 2027, "Synthetic Data" is most ethically valuable for: A) Tricking competitors with fake info B) Protecting user privacy by replacing real sensitive data C) Reducing the need for programmers D) Increasing social media engagement Correct Answer: B 9. What is a "Red Teaming" exercise in AI Governance? A) Creating a marketing team for AI B) Structured testing to find vulnerabilities and biases C) Painting server rooms for visibility D) Hiring only senior developers Correct Answer: B 10. "Algorithmic Impact Assessments" (AIA) are mandatory in 2026 for: A) Personal blogs B) High-risk AI systems in public services C) Basic calculator apps D) Video games without AI Correct Answer: B 11. What is "Data Sovereignty" in global AI governance? A) The right of AI to own its data B) Data being subject to the laws of the country where it is collected C) Deleting all data every 24 hours D) Allowing AI to ignore local laws Correct Answer: B 12. The "Right to Explanation" allows citizens to: A) Ask for a discount on AI services B) Demand an explanation for an automated decision affecting them C) Write their own AI code D) View personal photos of developers Correct Answer: B 13. Which is a "Prohibited AI practice" under the 2026 EU AI Act? A) AI for weather forecasting B) Real-time remote biometric identification in public spaces C) Using AI to write emails D) AI-powered language translation Correct Answer: B 14. What is "Dual-Use" AI? A) AI that works on both Mac and Windows B) AI developed for civilian use that can also be used for military acts C) An AI that has two different names D) Using two AI models at the same time Correct Answer: B 15. "Environmental Sustainability" in AI ethics focuses on: A) The color of the AI's logo B) The carbon footprint and energy consumption of training C) Planting trees in digital simulations D) Using recycled plastic for mouse pads Correct Answer: B 16. What is "Bias Mitigation"? A) Increasing the speed of the AI B) Strategies to identify and reduce unfairness in outcomes C) Hiring more sales staff D) Ignoring data errors Correct Answer: B 17. "Deepfakes" are primarily a threat to: A) Hard drive longevity B) Information integrity and individual reputation C) Internet speed D) Monitor resolution Correct Answer: B 18. In 2027, an "AI Officer" (CAIO) in a corporation is responsible for: A) Fixing broken laptops B) Ensuring AI strategy aligns with ethical standards C) Writing social media posts D) Managing the company's cafeteria Correct Answer: B 19. What is the "Value Alignment" problem? A) Aligning text in a Word document B) Ensuring AI goals match human ethical values C) Setting the correct price for an app D) Choosing the right font Correct Answer: B