APEA Pathophysiology - MASTER 2
with questions and well verified
answers actual exam !!! 2026
The pediatric orthopedic condition described as osteonecrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis
due to interrupted vascular supply that results in ischemia and alteration in cartilage growth is:
toxic synovitis.
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.
spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia.
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. - ANSWER -Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.
A 54-year-old woman reports left wrist stiffness at rest and with movement. An X-ray of the
left wrist identifies joint space narrowing, bony erosion in the joint, and reduced bone density
surrounding the joint. What is the probable diagnosis?
Bursitis
Osteoarthritis
Systemic lupus
Rheumatoid arthritis - ANSWER -Rheumatoid arthritis
A lateral deviation of the spinal column that may cause rotation or deformity in the vertebrae
is termed:
,scoliosis.
osteoporosis.
Legg Calve Perthes disease.
Osgood Schlatter disease. - ANSWER -scoliosis.
Synovial fluid does NOT:
reduce the friction between articular cartilage of synovial joints during movement.
provide nutrition to the avascular articular cartilage.
regenerate bone epiphyses.
aid in shock absorption. - ANSWER -regenerate bone epiphyses.
The most common site of curvature in a patient with scoliosis is:
the left cervical spine.
the right lumbar spine.
the left lumbar spine.
the right thoracic spine. - ANSWER -the right thoracic spine.
The pathologic hallmark of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is:
inflamed synovial tissue.
osteophyte development.
subchondral sclerosis.
popliteal cyst rupture. - ANSWER -inflamed synovial tissue.
The skeletal disorder characterized by loss of total bone mass and increased bone fragility is
termed:
rickets.
osteomalacia.
osteopenia.
osteoporosis. - ANSWER -osteoporosis.
,A 50-year-old woman reports morning joint stiffness that lasts less than 1 hour and resumes
after activity. During physical examination, the NP detects crepitus. This symptom indicates:
rheumatoid arthritis.
bursitis.
tendonitis.
osteoarthritis. - ANSWER -osteoarthritis.
Which one of the following diseases is associated with neuromuscular scoliosis?
Fibromyalgia
Spinal stenosis
Cerebral palsy
Multiple sclerosis - ANSWER -Cerebral palsy
Osteomalacia is caused by a deficiency in:
iron.
vitamin D.
phosphate.
vitamin C. - ANSWER -vitamin D
A pathologic alteration in the musculotendinous origins of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
muscle and longus tendons as a result of overuse is:
lateral epicondylitis.
synovitis of the elbow.
cubital tunnel syndrome.
bursitis. - ANSWER -lateral epicondylitis.
The major clinical manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis is:
joint swelling.
deep tendon hyporeflexia.
decreased range of motion.
ecchymosis in the affected site. - ANSWER -joint swelling
, Which of the following is a physical assessment test to assist in the diagnosis of Legg-Calve-
Perthes disease?
Ortolani's sign
Ely's test
Lachman Test
Trendelenburg sign - ANSWER -Trendelenburg sign
Which one of the following is associated with slipped capital femoral epiphysis in a pediatric
patient?
Osteoporosis
Osteoarthritis
Osteonecrosis
Osteopenia - ANSWER -Osteonecrosis
Which orthopedic condition produces joint pain and inflammation due to deposition of
monosodium urate crystals into joints?
Rheumatoid arthritis
Gout
Septic joint
Cellulitis - ANSWER -gout
Which of the following is NOT a result of nerve compression associated with carpal tunnel
syndrome?
Disorders of the intraneural microcirculation
Lesions of the myelin sheath and axon
Osteomalacia of the surrounding bones
Alteration in supporting connective tissue - ANSWER -Osteomalacia of the surrounding
bones
Progressive destruction of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone causing joint pain is:
rheumatoid arthritis.
tendonitis.
with questions and well verified
answers actual exam !!! 2026
The pediatric orthopedic condition described as osteonecrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis
due to interrupted vascular supply that results in ischemia and alteration in cartilage growth is:
toxic synovitis.
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.
spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia.
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. - ANSWER -Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.
A 54-year-old woman reports left wrist stiffness at rest and with movement. An X-ray of the
left wrist identifies joint space narrowing, bony erosion in the joint, and reduced bone density
surrounding the joint. What is the probable diagnosis?
Bursitis
Osteoarthritis
Systemic lupus
Rheumatoid arthritis - ANSWER -Rheumatoid arthritis
A lateral deviation of the spinal column that may cause rotation or deformity in the vertebrae
is termed:
,scoliosis.
osteoporosis.
Legg Calve Perthes disease.
Osgood Schlatter disease. - ANSWER -scoliosis.
Synovial fluid does NOT:
reduce the friction between articular cartilage of synovial joints during movement.
provide nutrition to the avascular articular cartilage.
regenerate bone epiphyses.
aid in shock absorption. - ANSWER -regenerate bone epiphyses.
The most common site of curvature in a patient with scoliosis is:
the left cervical spine.
the right lumbar spine.
the left lumbar spine.
the right thoracic spine. - ANSWER -the right thoracic spine.
The pathologic hallmark of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is:
inflamed synovial tissue.
osteophyte development.
subchondral sclerosis.
popliteal cyst rupture. - ANSWER -inflamed synovial tissue.
The skeletal disorder characterized by loss of total bone mass and increased bone fragility is
termed:
rickets.
osteomalacia.
osteopenia.
osteoporosis. - ANSWER -osteoporosis.
,A 50-year-old woman reports morning joint stiffness that lasts less than 1 hour and resumes
after activity. During physical examination, the NP detects crepitus. This symptom indicates:
rheumatoid arthritis.
bursitis.
tendonitis.
osteoarthritis. - ANSWER -osteoarthritis.
Which one of the following diseases is associated with neuromuscular scoliosis?
Fibromyalgia
Spinal stenosis
Cerebral palsy
Multiple sclerosis - ANSWER -Cerebral palsy
Osteomalacia is caused by a deficiency in:
iron.
vitamin D.
phosphate.
vitamin C. - ANSWER -vitamin D
A pathologic alteration in the musculotendinous origins of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
muscle and longus tendons as a result of overuse is:
lateral epicondylitis.
synovitis of the elbow.
cubital tunnel syndrome.
bursitis. - ANSWER -lateral epicondylitis.
The major clinical manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis is:
joint swelling.
deep tendon hyporeflexia.
decreased range of motion.
ecchymosis in the affected site. - ANSWER -joint swelling
, Which of the following is a physical assessment test to assist in the diagnosis of Legg-Calve-
Perthes disease?
Ortolani's sign
Ely's test
Lachman Test
Trendelenburg sign - ANSWER -Trendelenburg sign
Which one of the following is associated with slipped capital femoral epiphysis in a pediatric
patient?
Osteoporosis
Osteoarthritis
Osteonecrosis
Osteopenia - ANSWER -Osteonecrosis
Which orthopedic condition produces joint pain and inflammation due to deposition of
monosodium urate crystals into joints?
Rheumatoid arthritis
Gout
Septic joint
Cellulitis - ANSWER -gout
Which of the following is NOT a result of nerve compression associated with carpal tunnel
syndrome?
Disorders of the intraneural microcirculation
Lesions of the myelin sheath and axon
Osteomalacia of the surrounding bones
Alteration in supporting connective tissue - ANSWER -Osteomalacia of the surrounding
bones
Progressive destruction of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone causing joint pain is:
rheumatoid arthritis.
tendonitis.
