Health and Social care Level 3 UNIT 1:Study Guide and Definations 2026
4 principles of growth - ansGrowth rates are not constant
Different parts of the body grow at different rates
Growth rates vary between children
Boys grow faster than girls
age range of adolescence - ans9-18 years
Age range of birth and infancy life stage - ans0-2 years
Age range of Early adulthood ? - ans19-45 years old
Age range of early childhood life stage - ans3-8 years
Age range of later adulthood - ans65+
Age range of middle adulthood - ans45-65 years old
development - ansThe complex changes including increase in skills abilities and capabilities
female primary sex characteristics - ansUterus enlargers and vagina lengthens
Ovaries begin to release eggs
Menstrual cycle begins
female secondary sex characteristics - ansBreasts develop,
hair grows in armpits and pubic area
,Redistribution of body fat causing hips to widen
Give an example of a predictable event? - ansStarting school
Give an example of an unpredictable event - ansDivorce, homelessness
Give examples of nature? - ansEye colour, skin colour, hair colour
Give examples of nurture? - ansFaith, culture, morals , poverty
Growth - ansAn increase in some part of an individual that can be measured eg height and weight
How can a lack of attachment affect a person? - ansReduces their ability to cope with life's stresses and major
life events
How do people cope with stress? - ansLack of motivation
Over/under eating
Smoking and drinking
Anxiety attacks
How does intellectual and cognitive ability change in adolescence and early adulthood - ansDevelopment of
logical thoughts, problem solving and memory skills
Make judgements based on logical and realistic thinking
How does intellectual and cognitive ability change in infancy and childhood - ansStages of rapid development
90% of brain cell connection are in place by 5 years old
,How does intellectual and cognitive ability change in late adulthood - ansChanges in the brain cause short term
memory decline
Slower thought processes and reaction times
How does intellectual and cognitive ability change in middle adulthood? - ansThinks through experience
Makes sound judgements based on past experiences
male primary sex characteristics - ansEnlargement of penis and testes
Spontaneous erections
Testicles begin to produce sperm
Beginning Of ejaculations
male secondary sex characteristics - ansChanges in larynx causes voice to deepen
Hair grows on face, armpits and pubic area
Redistribution of muscle tissue and fat
Name evidence against LAD - ansTheory is hard to prove as isolation of an individual is unethical
Lack of scientific studies
name evidence in favour of LAD - anschildren learning to speak never make grammatical errors
If adults deliberately say a sentence grammatically wrong children notice
Children say ungrammatical things eg mama ball which could be learnt passively
What activities can help develop language acquisition in children? - ansSinging nursery rhymes
Bedtime stories
Role-play
, What age do people reach their physical peak - ans19-28 years
What age does co operative play occur? - ans4-6 years
What age does puberty usually start in BOYS? - ansBetween 13-15 years old
What age does puberty usually start in GIRLS? - ans11-13 years but can be earlier
What age range does parallel play occur ? - ans18 months-2 years
What are cognitive skills? - ansRefers to the development of the ability to think of reason
What are emotional attachments? - ansA bond between a child and primary care giver
What are fine motor skills? - ansPrecise use of muscles eg hands and fingers
What are gross motor skills? - ansUsing the larger muscles eg legs and arms
What are hormones? - ansChemical signals in the blood
What are primary sexual characteristics ? - ansSexual characteristics present at birth but develop during
puberty eg penis
What are schemas? - ansA pattern of learning which links actions and behaviour and is used to make sense of
the world
What are secondary sexual characteristics? - ansThings that develop during puberty eg Pubic hair
4 principles of growth - ansGrowth rates are not constant
Different parts of the body grow at different rates
Growth rates vary between children
Boys grow faster than girls
age range of adolescence - ans9-18 years
Age range of birth and infancy life stage - ans0-2 years
Age range of Early adulthood ? - ans19-45 years old
Age range of early childhood life stage - ans3-8 years
Age range of later adulthood - ans65+
Age range of middle adulthood - ans45-65 years old
development - ansThe complex changes including increase in skills abilities and capabilities
female primary sex characteristics - ansUterus enlargers and vagina lengthens
Ovaries begin to release eggs
Menstrual cycle begins
female secondary sex characteristics - ansBreasts develop,
hair grows in armpits and pubic area
,Redistribution of body fat causing hips to widen
Give an example of a predictable event? - ansStarting school
Give an example of an unpredictable event - ansDivorce, homelessness
Give examples of nature? - ansEye colour, skin colour, hair colour
Give examples of nurture? - ansFaith, culture, morals , poverty
Growth - ansAn increase in some part of an individual that can be measured eg height and weight
How can a lack of attachment affect a person? - ansReduces their ability to cope with life's stresses and major
life events
How do people cope with stress? - ansLack of motivation
Over/under eating
Smoking and drinking
Anxiety attacks
How does intellectual and cognitive ability change in adolescence and early adulthood - ansDevelopment of
logical thoughts, problem solving and memory skills
Make judgements based on logical and realistic thinking
How does intellectual and cognitive ability change in infancy and childhood - ansStages of rapid development
90% of brain cell connection are in place by 5 years old
,How does intellectual and cognitive ability change in late adulthood - ansChanges in the brain cause short term
memory decline
Slower thought processes and reaction times
How does intellectual and cognitive ability change in middle adulthood? - ansThinks through experience
Makes sound judgements based on past experiences
male primary sex characteristics - ansEnlargement of penis and testes
Spontaneous erections
Testicles begin to produce sperm
Beginning Of ejaculations
male secondary sex characteristics - ansChanges in larynx causes voice to deepen
Hair grows on face, armpits and pubic area
Redistribution of muscle tissue and fat
Name evidence against LAD - ansTheory is hard to prove as isolation of an individual is unethical
Lack of scientific studies
name evidence in favour of LAD - anschildren learning to speak never make grammatical errors
If adults deliberately say a sentence grammatically wrong children notice
Children say ungrammatical things eg mama ball which could be learnt passively
What activities can help develop language acquisition in children? - ansSinging nursery rhymes
Bedtime stories
Role-play
, What age do people reach their physical peak - ans19-28 years
What age does co operative play occur? - ans4-6 years
What age does puberty usually start in BOYS? - ansBetween 13-15 years old
What age does puberty usually start in GIRLS? - ans11-13 years but can be earlier
What age range does parallel play occur ? - ans18 months-2 years
What are cognitive skills? - ansRefers to the development of the ability to think of reason
What are emotional attachments? - ansA bond between a child and primary care giver
What are fine motor skills? - ansPrecise use of muscles eg hands and fingers
What are gross motor skills? - ansUsing the larger muscles eg legs and arms
What are hormones? - ansChemical signals in the blood
What are primary sexual characteristics ? - ansSexual characteristics present at birth but develop during
puberty eg penis
What are schemas? - ansA pattern of learning which links actions and behaviour and is used to make sense of
the world
What are secondary sexual characteristics? - ansThings that develop during puberty eg Pubic hair
