Class 9 Biology - The Fundamental Unit of Life (Cell)
Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. Every living organism is made up of cells. These notes
cover all important concepts from NCERT with diagrams and explanations.
Introduction to Cell
Cells were first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. The study of cells is called Cytology.
Cell Theory
All living organisms are made up of cells. Cells are the basic unit of life and new cells arise from existing cells.
Types of Cells
Cells are mainly of two types: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells.
Cell Organelles
Important organelles include nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes,
vacuoles, and plastids.
Plant Cell and Animal Cell
Plant cells have cell wall and chloroplasts while animal cells do not have them.
Functions of Cell Organelles
Nucleus controls activities, mitochondria produce energy, ribosomes synthesize proteins, and vacuoles store
materials.
Simple Animal Cell Diagram
Cell Membrane
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Vacuole
Plant Cell vs Animal Cell Graph
Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. Every living organism is made up of cells. These notes
cover all important concepts from NCERT with diagrams and explanations.
Introduction to Cell
Cells were first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. The study of cells is called Cytology.
Cell Theory
All living organisms are made up of cells. Cells are the basic unit of life and new cells arise from existing cells.
Types of Cells
Cells are mainly of two types: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells.
Cell Organelles
Important organelles include nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes,
vacuoles, and plastids.
Plant Cell and Animal Cell
Plant cells have cell wall and chloroplasts while animal cells do not have them.
Functions of Cell Organelles
Nucleus controls activities, mitochondria produce energy, ribosomes synthesize proteins, and vacuoles store
materials.
Simple Animal Cell Diagram
Cell Membrane
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Vacuole
Plant Cell vs Animal Cell Graph
