Test Bank for Fundamentals of Nursing 11th Edition By Patricia Potter, Anne Perry, Patricia Stockert, Amy Hall | 9780323810340 | (2025/2026) | Chapter 1-50 | Complete Questions and Answers A+

Chapter 01: Nursing Today
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Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE w2




1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
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a. Florence Nightingale w2




b. Mary Nutting w2




c. Clara Barton w2




d. Lillian Wald w2




ANS: A w 2




Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected
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poor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald
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came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary
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Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded
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the American Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
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DIF:Understand (comprehension) w2




OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
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TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance w 2 w2 w2 w2




2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
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w2nursing practice is the nurse following? w2 w2 w2 w2 w2




a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C w 2




In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to
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attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive
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data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse
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analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the
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registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
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DIF:Understand (comprehension) w2




OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 TOP: Planning w2




MSC: Management of Care
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3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of
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w2proficiency is the nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
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a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner w2




ANS: A w 2

, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous
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level of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in
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home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical
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situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge
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gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the
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organization and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or
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orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing
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care and establish long-range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the
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situation is an advanced beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but
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the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
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DIF:Apply (application) w2




OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 TOP: Evaluation w2




MSC: Management of Care
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4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids.
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The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse
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demonstrating?
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a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability

ANS: B w 2




Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of
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independent nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United
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States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-RN, the nurse
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may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability
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means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing
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care provided.
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DIF:Apply (application) w2




OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 TOP: Implementation w2




MSC: Management of Care
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5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse
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implementing?
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a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver

ANS: B w 2

, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing
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care and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or
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facility. As an educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for
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routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning
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or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you
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protect your patient’s human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if
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the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease
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and symptoms, and attain a maximal level function and independence through the healing
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process.
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DIF:Apply (application) w2




OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 TOP: Implementation w2




MSC: Management of Care
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6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice
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nurse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To
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fulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
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a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc) w2 w2 w2 w2 w2




b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) w2 w2 w2 w2




c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) w2 w2 w2 w2 w2




d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN) w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2




ANS: B w 2




Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development
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and award the research-oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral
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programs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical
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nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse
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practitioners.
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DIF:Understand (comprehension) w2




OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN)
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education.
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7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses
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w2Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive? w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2




a. Graduate education w2




b. Inservice education w2




c. Continuing education w2




d. Registered nurse education w2 w2




ANS: C w 2




Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by
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universities, hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and
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educational and health care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you
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can pursue graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of
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graduate fields, including nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training
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provided by a health care facility or institution. Registered nurse education is the education
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preparation for an individual intending to be an RN.
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DIF:Apply (application) w2




OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN)
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, education. TOP: w 2 Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care w 2 w2 w2




8. A nurse identifies gaps between local and best practices. Which Quality and Safety Education
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w2for Nurses (QSEN) competency is the nurse demonstrating?
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a. Safety
b. Patient-centered care w2




c. Quality improvement w2




d. Teamwork and collaboration w2 w2




ANS: C w 2




Quality improvement identifies gaps between local and best practices. Safety minimizes risk
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of harm to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual
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performance. Patient-centered care recognizes the patient or designee as the source of control
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and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for
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patient’s preferences, values, and needs. Teamwork and collaboration allows effective
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functioning within nursing and interprofessional teams, fostering open communication,
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mutual respect, and shared decision making.
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DIF:Understand (comprehension) w2




OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 w2 TOP: Evaluation w2




MSC: Management of Care
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9. A nurse has compassion fatigue. What is the nurse experiencing?
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a. Lateral violence and intrapersonal conflict w2 w2 w2 w2




b. Burnout and secondary traumatic stress w2 w2 w2 w2




c. Short-term grief and single stressor w2 w2 w2 w2




d. Physical and mental exhaustion w2 w2 w2




ANS: B w 2




Compassion fatigue is a term used to describe a state of burnout and secondary traumatic
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stress. Compassion fatigue may contribute to what is described as lateral violence
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(nurse-nurse interactions, not intrapersonal). Frequent, intense, or prolonged exposure to grief
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and loss places nurses at risk for developing compassion fatigue. Stressors, not a single
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stressor, contribute to compassion fatigue. Physical and mental exhaustion describes burnout
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only.
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DIF:Understand (comprehension) w2




OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
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TOP: Assessment MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance w 2 w2 w2 w2




10. A patient is scheduled for surgery. When getting ready to obtain the informed consent, the
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patient tells the nurse, ―I have no idea what is going to happen. I couldn’t ask any questions.‖
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The nurse does not allow the patient to sign the permit and notifies the health care provider of
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the situation. Which role is the nurse displaying?
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a. Manager
b. Patient educator w2




c. Patient advocate w2




d. Clinical nurse specialist w2 w2




ANS: C w 2